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The recent global events of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020 have alerted the world to the urgent need to develop fast, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools that are capable of carrying out a large number of quantitative analyses, not only in centralized laboratories and core facilities but also on site and for point-of-care applications. In particular, in the case of immunological tests, the required sensitivity and specificity is often lacking when carrying out large-scale screening using decentralized methods, while a centralized laboratory with qualified personnel is required for providing quantitative and reliable responses. The advantages typical of electrochemical and optical biosensors (low cost and easy transduction) can nowadays be complemented in terms of improved sensitivity by combining electrochemistry (EC) with optical techniques such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL), EC/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and EC/surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and aids in exploring new approaches, solutions, and applications for opto-electrochemical biosensors in the quantitative detection of disease markers, such as cancer biomarkers proteins and allergens, and pathogenic agents such as viruses. Included are seven peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of subjects and applications related to the strategies developed for early diagnosis.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Biochemistry --- gold nanoparticles --- doxycycline --- tetracycline --- SPR biosensor --- signal amplification --- clinical diagnosis --- microRNA --- electrochemical biosensor --- catalysts --- RedOx indicator --- cancer biomarker --- electrochemical immune platform --- human ST2 --- plasma --- pancreatic cancer --- collagen type I --- 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol --- nanogold --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- half antibody --- medical diagnostic devices --- peptide --- antifouling --- protease --- biomarker --- bioreceptor --- SARS-CoV-2 detection --- nasopharyngeal swab --- saliva --- serum --- droplets --- amperometric biosensor --- neural esterase --- acetylcholinesterase --- inhibition --- organophosphate --- design --- optimization --- mathematical model --- flux control --- dimensionless --- gold nanoparticles --- doxycycline --- tetracycline --- SPR biosensor --- signal amplification --- clinical diagnosis --- microRNA --- electrochemical biosensor --- catalysts --- RedOx indicator --- cancer biomarker --- electrochemical immune platform --- human ST2 --- plasma --- pancreatic cancer --- collagen type I --- 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol --- nanogold --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- half antibody --- medical diagnostic devices --- peptide --- antifouling --- protease --- biomarker --- bioreceptor --- SARS-CoV-2 detection --- nasopharyngeal swab --- saliva --- serum --- droplets --- amperometric biosensor --- neural esterase --- acetylcholinesterase --- inhibition --- organophosphate --- design --- optimization --- mathematical model --- flux control --- dimensionless

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Communicable diseases --- Maladies infectieuses --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Communicable Diseases. --- Communicable diseases. --- Chemistry --- Health Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biochemistry --- Clinical Medicine --- General and Others --- Périodiques --- DOAJ-E EJMEDEC ELSEVIER-E EPUB-ALPHA-I EPUB-PER-FT MDCOMDIS --- epidemiology --- clinical diagnosis --- treatment of infectious diseases --- control of infectious diseases --- Communicable Diseases --- Infectious Diseases --- Communicable Disease --- Disease, Communicable --- Disease, Infectious --- Diseases, Communicable --- Diseases, Infectious --- Infectious Disease --- Contagion and contagious diseases --- Contagious diseases --- Infectious diseases --- Microbial diseases in human beings --- Zymotic diseases --- Disease Outbreaks --- Disease Transmission, Infectious --- Diseases --- Infection --- Medical microbiology --- Epidemics --- Quarantine --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- besmettelijke ziekten

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The recent global events of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020 have alerted the world to the urgent need to develop fast, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools that are capable of carrying out a large number of quantitative analyses, not only in centralized laboratories and core facilities but also on site and for point-of-care applications. In particular, in the case of immunological tests, the required sensitivity and specificity is often lacking when carrying out large-scale screening using decentralized methods, while a centralized laboratory with qualified personnel is required for providing quantitative and reliable responses. The advantages typical of electrochemical and optical biosensors (low cost and easy transduction) can nowadays be complemented in terms of improved sensitivity by combining electrochemistry (EC) with optical techniques such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL), EC/surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and EC/surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and aids in exploring new approaches, solutions, and applications for opto-electrochemical biosensors in the quantitative detection of disease markers, such as cancer biomarkers proteins and allergens, and pathogenic agents such as viruses. Included are seven peer-reviewed papers that cover a range of subjects and applications related to the strategies developed for early diagnosis.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Biochemistry --- gold nanoparticles --- doxycycline --- tetracycline --- SPR biosensor --- signal amplification --- clinical diagnosis --- microRNA --- electrochemical biosensor --- catalysts --- RedOx indicator --- cancer biomarker --- electrochemical immune platform --- human ST2 --- plasma --- pancreatic cancer --- collagen type I --- 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol --- nanogold --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- surface plasmon resonance --- half antibody --- medical diagnostic devices --- peptide --- antifouling --- protease --- biomarker --- bioreceptor --- SARS-CoV-2 detection --- nasopharyngeal swab --- saliva --- serum --- droplets --- amperometric biosensor --- neural esterase --- acetylcholinesterase --- inhibition --- organophosphate --- design --- optimization --- mathematical model --- flux control --- dimensionless --- n/a --- 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol

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Over the last few decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the aetiology and pathophysiology of diseases and many new theories emphasize the importance of the small bowel ‘ecosystem’ in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic illness. Emerging factors such as microbiome, stem cells, innate intestinal immunity and the enteric nervous system along with mucosal and endothelial barriers have key role in the development of gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Therefore, the small intestine is considered key player in metabolic disease development, including diabetes mellitus, and other diet-related disorders such as celiac and non-celiac enteropathies. Another major field is drug metabolism and its interaction with microbiota. Moreover, the emergence of gut-brain, gut-liver and gut-blood barriers points toward the important role of small intestine in the pathogenesis of common disorders, such as liver disease, hypertension and neurodegenerative disease. However, the small bowel remains an organ that is difficult to fully access and assess and accurate diagnosis often poses a clinical challenge. Eventually, the therapeutic potential remains untapped. Therefore, it is due time to direct our interest towards the small intestine and unravel the interplay between small-bowel and other gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI related maladies.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- capsule endoscopy --- Crohn's disease --- mucosal healing --- small bowel --- gut brain axis --- microbiota --- functional gastrointestinal disorders --- inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) --- adult stem cells --- surgical site infections (SSIs) --- probiotics --- prebiotics --- synbiotics --- surgery --- adverse events --- meta-analysis --- systematic review --- hyperspectral imaging --- multispectral imaging --- clinical diagnosis --- biomedical optical imaging --- gastroenterology --- medical diagnostic imaging --- small-bowel mass --- small-bowel bulge --- video capsule endoscopy --- cystic fibrosis --- gut microbiota --- intestinal inflammation --- fecal calprotectin --- dysbiosis index --- celiac disease --- biomarker --- serology --- enteropathy --- colon cancer --- cancer risk --- collagenous colitis --- lung cancer --- microscopic colitis --- skin cancer --- squamous cell carcinoma --- capsule endoscopy --- Crohn's disease --- mucosal healing --- small bowel --- gut brain axis --- microbiota --- functional gastrointestinal disorders --- inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) --- adult stem cells --- surgical site infections (SSIs) --- probiotics --- prebiotics --- synbiotics --- surgery --- adverse events --- meta-analysis --- systematic review --- hyperspectral imaging --- multispectral imaging --- clinical diagnosis --- biomedical optical imaging --- gastroenterology --- medical diagnostic imaging --- small-bowel mass --- small-bowel bulge --- video capsule endoscopy --- cystic fibrosis --- gut microbiota --- intestinal inflammation --- fecal calprotectin --- dysbiosis index --- celiac disease --- biomarker --- serology --- enteropathy --- colon cancer --- cancer risk --- collagenous colitis --- lung cancer --- microscopic colitis --- skin cancer --- squamous cell carcinoma