Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Afforestation/reforestation (or forestation) has been implemented worldwide as an effective measure towards sustainable ecosystem services and addresses global environmental problems such as climate change. The conversion of grasslands, croplands, shrublands, or bare lands to forests can dramatically alter forest water, energy, and carbon cycles and, thus, ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration, soil erosion control, and water quality improvement). Large-scale afforestation/reforestation is typically driven by policies and, in turn, can also have substantial socioeconomic impacts. To enable success, forestation endeavors require novel approaches that involve a series of complex processes and interdisciplinary sciences. For example, exotic or fast-growing tree species are often used to improve soil conditions of degraded lands or maximize productivity, and it often takes a long time to understand and quantify the consequences of such practices at watershed or regional scales. Maintaining the sustainability of man-made forests is becoming increasingly challenging under a changing environment and disturbance regime changes such as wildland fires, urbanization, drought, air pollution, climate change, and socioeconomic change. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on case studies of the drivers, dynamics, and impacts of afforestation/reforestation at regional, national, or global scales. These new studies provide an update on the scientific advances related to forestation. This information is urgently needed by land managers and policy makers to better manage forest resources in today’s rapidly changing environments.

simulation modeling --- shear strength --- stand structure --- vegetation restoration --- surface runoff --- soil and water conservation function --- soil enzymes --- riverbank --- evapotranspiration --- human activity --- afforestation --- Artemisia ordosica --- forest cover --- precipitation variation --- soil bioengineering --- base flow --- Poyang Lake Basin --- in situ calibration --- quantification --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- photoprotection --- remote sensing --- root distribution --- ecosystem model --- CASA --- afforestation ecosystem --- phenophase --- vegetation cover change --- soil characteristics --- Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. mixed plantations --- composted pine bark --- water-energy balance --- sediment load --- soil respiration --- energy partitioning --- soil microbial biomass --- transpiration --- net primary productivity --- spatio-temporal scales --- seedling quality --- peat moss --- fresh pine sawdust --- understory plants --- ring-porous trees --- different climatic conditions --- dye tests --- structural equation model --- Loess Plateau --- evapotranspiration (ET) --- Pinus engelmannii Carr. --- empirical statistics --- heat dissipation probes --- MODIS --- slope change ratio of cumulative quantities (SCRCQ) --- soil water balance --- LAI --- climate fluctuation --- BTOPMC model --- living brush mattress --- vegetation greening --- streamflow

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Scientific understanding about domestication and the origins of food production in East Asia is undergoing rapid change based on new data from archaeology, paleobiology, and paleoenvironmental studies. The earliest agricultural and pastoral societies emerged from the highly diverse habitats and Paleolithic cultures of East Asia. This offers an unprecedented opportunity to understand and predict variability in the tempo and mode of the Paleolithic to Neolithic transition. Advances in East Asian Agricultural Origins Studies: The Pleistocene to Holocene Transition aims to present the most advanced research from varied regions of East Asia, with the purpose of evaluating the significance of Paleolithic cultural influences on the transition to Neolithic adaptations by comparing cultural evolutionary scenarios through time and across space. The array of approaches will be multidisciplinary, featuring quantitative, qualitative, and integrated data and methodologies. Understanding the transition from foraging to Neolithic agriculture, which was among the most dramatic and influential in the history of modern Homo sapiens, has ramifications for the study of Late Quaternary growth of human populations, societal complexity, landscape use, migration, and impacts on ecosystems.

microblade technology --- broad spectrum revolution --- Pleistocene to Holocene transition --- origin of food production --- hunter–gatherers --- macroecology --- Constructing Frames of Reference --- palaeoenvironment --- Hokkaido --- terminal Pleistocene --- initial Holocene --- climate fluctuation --- 8.2 ka BP cooling event --- transitional sites --- Early Neolithic --- adaptive strategy --- North China --- Paleolithic Taiwan --- aquatic-focused foraging --- Neolithic Taiwan --- agricultural adoption --- niche variation theory --- invasion theory --- prey choice model --- complex hunting–gathering --- Paleolithic–Neolithic transition --- aquatic utilization --- China --- bronze age --- hunter gatherers --- interaction --- irrigation system --- Jomon people --- Korean Peninsula --- wet rice cultivation --- dry-field farming --- first farmers --- Jomon --- paddy rice farming --- sedentarised hunter-gatherers --- Yayoi --- n/a --- East Asia --- origins of agriculture --- paleolithic to Neolithic transition --- hunter-gatherers --- complex hunting-gathering --- Paleolithic-Neolithic transition