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Ce travail permet de faire un résumé des différents facteurs de risque dans la synthèse des calculs d’oxalate de calcium ainsi que de décrire l’effet des différents nutriments sur la concentration urinaire en substances lithogènes dans le but de résumer les recommandations alimentaires dans le cadre d’urolithiases à oxalates de calcium.

calculs d'oxalate de calcium --- oxalate --- calcium --- volume urinaire --- pH urinaire --- inhibiteurs de cristallisation --- citrate de potassium et hydrochlorothiazide --- Sciences du vivant > Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale

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Thin films are important in many of the technologies used every day, impacting major markets for energy, medicine, and coatings. Scientists and engineers have been producing thin films on a wide range of surfaces for many decades but now have begun to explore giving these films new and controlled structures at the nanometer scale. These efforts are part of the new horizons opened by the field of nanoscience and impart novel structures and properties to these thin films. This book covers some of the methods for making these nanostructured thin films and their applications in areas impacting on health and energy usage.

Technology: general issues --- electrospinning --- poly(ethylene oxide) --- nanofiber diameter --- molecular weight --- concentration --- plasmonics --- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) --- biosensing --- thin film --- gold nanostructures --- lithography --- nanohole array --- nanofabrication --- diphosphate-diarsenate --- crystal structure --- electrical properties --- transport pathways simulation --- metal-organic framework --- fabrication --- patterning --- tri-sodium citrate --- ZnO rod arrays --- response surface methodology --- expanded graphite --- flexible --- polydimethylsiloxane --- stretchable --- thin films --- electrospinning --- poly(ethylene oxide) --- nanofiber diameter --- molecular weight --- concentration --- plasmonics --- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) --- biosensing --- thin film --- gold nanostructures --- lithography --- nanohole array --- nanofabrication --- diphosphate-diarsenate --- crystal structure --- electrical properties --- transport pathways simulation --- metal-organic framework --- fabrication --- patterning --- tri-sodium citrate --- ZnO rod arrays --- response surface methodology --- expanded graphite --- flexible --- polydimethylsiloxane --- stretchable --- thin films

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Thin films are important in many of the technologies used every day, impacting major markets for energy, medicine, and coatings. Scientists and engineers have been producing thin films on a wide range of surfaces for many decades but now have begun to explore giving these films new and controlled structures at the nanometer scale. These efforts are part of the new horizons opened by the field of nanoscience and impart novel structures and properties to these thin films. This book covers some of the methods for making these nanostructured thin films and their applications in areas impacting on health and energy usage.

electrospinning --- poly(ethylene oxide) --- nanofiber diameter --- molecular weight --- concentration --- plasmonics --- localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) --- biosensing --- thin film --- gold nanostructures --- lithography --- nanohole array --- nanofabrication --- diphosphate-diarsenate --- crystal structure --- electrical properties --- transport pathways simulation --- metal–organic framework --- fabrication --- patterning --- tri-sodium citrate --- ZnO rod arrays --- response surface methodology --- expanded graphite --- flexible --- polydimethylsiloxane --- stretchable --- thin films --- n/a --- metal-organic framework

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The maintenance of optimal musculoskeletal health is increasingly recognized as a key element for promoting overall health and fostering independent living in advanced age. Growing evidence indicates that nutrition, together with an active lifestyle, plays a central role in supporting musculoskeletal health both aging and in the setting of specific disease conditions. This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Nutrition for Musculoskeletal Health”, includes original research and review contributions highlighting the relevance of nutrition to musculoskeletal health during aging and in the context of specific diseases. The overarching theme of the Special Issue is addressed through a multidisciplinary set of articles embracing clinical, basic science, and translational studies.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- lactate --- skeletal muscle --- hypertrophy --- regeneration --- muscle satellite cell --- amino acids intake --- essential amino acids --- diet --- extended lifespan --- mice --- bone metabolism --- bone mineral density --- bone remodelling --- citrate supplement --- osteopenia --- osteoporosis --- kidney diseases --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis --- Hochu-ekki-to --- herbal medicine --- muscle dysfunction --- motor neuronal cell death --- sarcopenia --- EWGSOP2 --- malnutrition --- GLIM --- SarcoPhAge --- nutrition --- oral health --- older people --- swallowing --- life course approach --- muscle wasting --- exercise --- kidney disease --- aging --- muscle --- amino acids --- metabolism --- systemic inflammation --- profiling --- biomarkers --- multi-marker --- physical performance --- gut microbiota --- metabolomics --- systems biology --- personalized medicine --- frailty --- precision medicine --- metabolic profiling --- weight loss --- intermittent fasting --- fat loss --- body composition --- lactate --- skeletal muscle --- hypertrophy --- regeneration --- muscle satellite cell --- amino acids intake --- essential amino acids --- diet --- extended lifespan --- mice --- bone metabolism --- bone mineral density --- bone remodelling --- citrate supplement --- osteopenia --- osteoporosis --- kidney diseases --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis --- Hochu-ekki-to --- herbal medicine --- muscle dysfunction --- motor neuronal cell death --- sarcopenia --- EWGSOP2 --- malnutrition --- GLIM --- SarcoPhAge --- nutrition --- oral health --- older people --- swallowing --- life course approach --- muscle wasting --- exercise --- kidney disease --- aging --- muscle --- amino acids --- metabolism --- systemic inflammation --- profiling --- biomarkers --- multi-marker --- physical performance --- gut microbiota --- metabolomics --- systems biology --- personalized medicine --- frailty --- precision medicine --- metabolic profiling --- weight loss --- intermittent fasting --- fat loss --- body composition

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Reactions at mineral surfaces are central to all geochemical processes. As minerals comprise the rocks of the Earth, the processes occurring at the mineral–aqueous fluid interface control the evolution of the rocks and hence the structure of the crust of the Earth during processes such as metamorphism, metasomatism, and weathering. In recent years focus has been concentrated on mineral surface reactions made possible through the development of advanced analytical methods such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), advanced electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), phase shift interferometry, confocal Raman spectroscopy, and advanced synchrotron-based applications, to enable mineral surfaces to be imaged and analyzed at the nanoscale. Experiments are increasingly complemented by molecular simulations to confirm or predict the results of these studies. This has enabled new and exciting possibilities to elucidate the mechanisms that govern mineral–fluid reactions. In this Special Issue, “Mineral Surface Reactions at the Nanoscale”, we present 12 contributions that highlight the role and importance of mineral surfaces in varying fields of research.

metadynamics --- minerals --- n/a --- microstructure --- dissolution-reprecipitation --- stabilization --- albite --- mineral–water interface --- simulation --- krennerite --- mineralogy --- mineral replacement --- calcite --- pyrite --- dissolution-precipitation --- goethite --- recrystallization --- gold–(silver) tellurides --- isotopes --- non-classical nucleation --- calaverite --- interfacial precipitation --- toxic metals --- metasomatism --- adsorption --- amorphous --- pre-nucleation clusters --- surface --- dissolution --- hematite --- cyanide --- MOFs --- leaching --- Raman spectroscopy --- sodalite --- carbonation --- rate spectra --- retreat velocity --- additives --- liquid precursors --- bioaragonite --- brucite --- kinetics --- re-adsorption --- brushite --- polymorphs --- dissolution–precipitation --- hydrothermal experiments --- apatite --- ferrihydrite --- mesocrystals --- catalysts --- carbonic anhydrase --- XPS --- replacement reaction --- mineral growth --- carbon capture and storage --- interfaces --- citrate --- classical nucleation theory --- REEs --- phosphate --- wollastonite --- polarization microscopy --- natural porous gold --- sylvanite --- analcime --- calcium phosphate --- Fe atom exchange --- nepheline --- biomineralisation --- interface-coupled dissolution–reprecipitation --- hydrothermal method --- mineral-water interface --- gold-(silver) tellurides --- interface-coupled dissolution-reprecipitation