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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Medical genetics --- miRNA --- ncRNAs --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- piRNA --- cancer biology --- neurologcial disorders --- miRNA --- ncRNAs --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- piRNA --- cancer biology --- neurologcial disorders

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In spite of the large volume of associated research, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atrial fibrillation (AF) onset and recurrence remain uncertain. This may explain why the performances of thromboembolic and bleeding prediction scores in AF patients are limited. In the past few years, the concept of atrial cardiopathy has emerged as a promising lead to connect AF to stroke, heart failure, and inflammatory processes: indeed, all of the mechanisms associated with atrial remodeling and the development of atrial cardiopathy are also likely to promote the development of AF. This recent concept of atrial cardiopathy suggests that the real trigger of stroke may be an abnormal atrial substrate rather than atrial rhythm itself. In this setting, AF could be seen as a symptom of atrial cardiopathy rather than a risk factor of stroke. In the absence of validated clinical markers of atrial cardiopathy, the search for the mechanism of AF remains the cornerstone of cardioembolic stroke prevention for now.The aim of this Special Issue is to gather basic research as well as pathophysiological and epidemiological papers focused on the relationship between atrial substrates and atrial fibrillation onset, recurrence, and outcomes.

Medicine --- postoperative atrial fibrillation --- biomarkers --- coronary artery bypass grafting --- miRNA --- circRNA --- mtDNA --- SNPs --- atrial fibrillation --- acute myocardial infarction --- heart rate variability --- autonomic nervous system --- bleeding risk --- age --- left atrial appendage closure --- coronary artery disease --- prognosis --- anticoagulation --- antiplatelet therapy --- hypertension --- elderly --- prevention --- ganglionated plexi --- ablation --- dementia --- early-onset --- n/a --- ischemic stroke --- risk factor --- new oral anticoagulants --- mitochondria --- cardiac remodeling --- pharmacotherapy --- electroporation --- pulsed field ablation --- cardiac --- heart --- arrhythmia --- NOAC --- VKA --- statin --- outcome --- mortality --- paroxysmal atrial fibrillation --- catheter ablation --- epicardial adipose tissue --- persistent atrial fibrillation --- posterior wall --- hybrid ablation --- convergent ablation --- atrial tachycardia --- mechanism --- spatiotemporal dispersion --- left atrial appendage occlusion --- BNP --- atrial remodeling --- atrial cardiopathy --- cardiac ablation --- irreversible electroporation

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In spite of the large volume of associated research, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atrial fibrillation (AF) onset and recurrence remain uncertain. This may explain why the performances of thromboembolic and bleeding prediction scores in AF patients are limited. In the past few years, the concept of atrial cardiopathy has emerged as a promising lead to connect AF to stroke, heart failure, and inflammatory processes: indeed, all of the mechanisms associated with atrial remodeling and the development of atrial cardiopathy are also likely to promote the development of AF. This recent concept of atrial cardiopathy suggests that the real trigger of stroke may be an abnormal atrial substrate rather than atrial rhythm itself. In this setting, AF could be seen as a symptom of atrial cardiopathy rather than a risk factor of stroke. In the absence of validated clinical markers of atrial cardiopathy, the search for the mechanism of AF remains the cornerstone of cardioembolic stroke prevention for now.The aim of this Special Issue is to gather basic research as well as pathophysiological and epidemiological papers focused on the relationship between atrial substrates and atrial fibrillation onset, recurrence, and outcomes.

Medicine --- postoperative atrial fibrillation --- biomarkers --- coronary artery bypass grafting --- miRNA --- circRNA --- mtDNA --- SNPs --- atrial fibrillation --- acute myocardial infarction --- heart rate variability --- autonomic nervous system --- bleeding risk --- age --- left atrial appendage closure --- coronary artery disease --- prognosis --- anticoagulation --- antiplatelet therapy --- hypertension --- elderly --- prevention --- ganglionated plexi --- ablation --- dementia --- early-onset --- ischemic stroke --- risk factor --- new oral anticoagulants --- mitochondria --- cardiac remodeling --- pharmacotherapy --- electroporation --- pulsed field ablation --- cardiac --- heart --- arrhythmia --- NOAC --- VKA --- statin --- outcome --- mortality --- paroxysmal atrial fibrillation --- catheter ablation --- epicardial adipose tissue --- persistent atrial fibrillation --- posterior wall --- hybrid ablation --- convergent ablation --- atrial tachycardia --- mechanism --- spatiotemporal dispersion --- left atrial appendage occlusion --- BNP --- atrial remodeling --- atrial cardiopathy --- cardiac ablation --- irreversible electroporation --- postoperative atrial fibrillation --- biomarkers --- coronary artery bypass grafting --- miRNA --- circRNA --- mtDNA --- SNPs --- atrial fibrillation --- acute myocardial infarction --- heart rate variability --- autonomic nervous system --- bleeding risk --- age --- left atrial appendage closure --- coronary artery disease --- prognosis --- anticoagulation --- antiplatelet therapy --- hypertension --- elderly --- prevention --- ganglionated plexi --- ablation --- dementia --- early-onset --- ischemic stroke --- risk factor --- new oral anticoagulants --- mitochondria --- cardiac remodeling --- pharmacotherapy --- electroporation --- pulsed field ablation --- cardiac --- heart --- arrhythmia --- NOAC --- VKA --- statin --- outcome --- mortality --- paroxysmal atrial fibrillation --- catheter ablation --- epicardial adipose tissue --- persistent atrial fibrillation --- posterior wall --- hybrid ablation --- convergent ablation --- atrial tachycardia --- mechanism --- spatiotemporal dispersion --- left atrial appendage occlusion --- BNP --- atrial remodeling --- atrial cardiopathy --- cardiac ablation --- irreversible electroporation

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This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue “Cellular Oxidative Stress”, published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.

Medicine --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis

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This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue “Cellular Oxidative Stress”, published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.

Medicine --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis --- n/a