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Anycast offers a method for making a service IP address available to a routing system from several locations at once. It is used today to provide important services, such as naming and content delivery, in an economic, scalable, and simple to operate manner. The appeal and clear benefits of anycast to service providers have motivated a number of recent experimental studies on its potential performance impact. All studies have, to the best of our knowledge, focused on wired networks, despite the growing dominance of mobile as the most common and sometimes only form of Internet access. In this paper, we present the first study of anycast performance for mobile users. In particular, our evaluation focuses on three distinct anycast services, K- and F-Root, each providing part the DNS root zone, and Google DNS. 

Our research revolves around three axes. First, we show that mobile clients are frequently routed to suboptimal replicas in terms of latency and that this issue is not limited to specific regions or ASes of the world. Second, we find that clients are often redirected to a DNS server hosted very far away from her. This happens more frequently while on a cellular connection than on WiFi, with a significant impact on performance. Our study reveals that this is not simply an issue of not having better alternatives, and that the problem is not localised to particular geographic areas or particular ASes. We investigate root causes of this phenomenon and describe three of the major detected classes of anycast anomalies. Third and finally, we explore IP assignment dynamics of mobile clients and find that recurrent IP changes on the client side lead to significant perceived variations of anycast latency.

anycast --- DNS --- mobile networks --- cellular networks --- 2G --- 3G --- 4G --- Wifi --- K-Root --- F-Root --- Google DNS --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Sciences informatiques

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Networks, communications, and computing have become ubiquitous and inseparable parts of everyday life. This book is based on a Special Issue of the Algorithms journal, and it is devoted to the exploration of the many-faceted relationship of networks, communications, and computing. The included papers explore the current state-of-the-art research in these areas, with a particular interest in the interactions among the fields.

Information technology industries --- communication traffic prediction --- intelligent traffic management --- deformable convolution --- attention mechanism --- the next generation of telecommunication (5G) --- deep learning --- reinforcement learning --- systematic review --- cellular networks --- underwater wireless sensor networks --- ant colony optimization algorithms --- clustering routing algorithms --- energy efficiency --- network lifetime --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- UAV placement --- metaheuristics --- routing --- NP-complete --- NP-hard --- approximation --- polynomial time algorithm --- disjoint connecting paths --- unsplittable flow --- network design --- communication traffic prediction --- intelligent traffic management --- deformable convolution --- attention mechanism --- the next generation of telecommunication (5G) --- deep learning --- reinforcement learning --- systematic review --- cellular networks --- underwater wireless sensor networks --- ant colony optimization algorithms --- clustering routing algorithms --- energy efficiency --- network lifetime --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- UAV placement --- metaheuristics --- routing --- NP-complete --- NP-hard --- approximation --- polynomial time algorithm --- disjoint connecting paths --- unsplittable flow --- network design

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This book introduces the Special Issue entitled “Applications of Internet of Things”, of ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. Topics covered in this issue include three main parts: (I) intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), (II) location-based services (LBSs), and (III) sensing techniques and applications. Three papers on ITSs are as follows: (1) “Vehicle positioning and speed estimation based on cellular network signals for urban roads,” by Lai and Kuo; (2) “A method for traffic congestion clustering judgment based on grey relational analysis,” by Zhang et al.; and (3) “Smartphone-based pedestrian’s avoidance behavior recognition towards opportunistic road anomaly detection,” by Ishikawa and Fujinami. Three papers on LBSs are as follows: (1) “A high-efficiency method of mobile positioning based on commercial vehicle operation data,” by Chen et al.; (2) “Efficient location privacy-preserving k-anonymity method based on the credible chain,” by Wang et al.; and (3) “Proximity-based asynchronous messaging platform for location-based Internet of things service,” by Gon Jo et al. Two papers on sensing techniques and applications are as follows: (1) “Detection of electronic anklet wearers’ groupings throughout telematics monitoring,” by Machado et al.; and (2) “Camera coverage estimation based on multistage grid subdivision,” by Wang et al.

urban traffic --- grey relational membership degree --- traffic congestion judgment --- mobile positioning --- commercial vehicle operation data --- cellular network --- cloud computing --- location-based service --- Internet of Things --- distributed system architecture --- intelligent transportation system --- cellular networks --- vehicle positioning --- speed estimation --- machine learning --- road anomaly --- avoidance --- behavior recognition --- smartphone --- opportunistic sensing --- anklet monitoring and tracking --- detection algorithms --- geoprocessing --- Law Enforcement Telecommunications Systems (LETS) --- sensor data fusion --- camera coverage estimation --- multistage grid subdivision --- line of sight --- viewshed analysis --- obstacle --- k-anonymity --- location-based services --- location privacy --- the credible chain

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The recent years have witnessed tremendous growth in connected vehicles due to major interest in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) technology from both the research and industrial communities. VANET involves the generation of data from onboard sensors and its dissemination in other vehicles via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, thus resulting in numerous applications such as steep-curve warnings. However, to increase the scope of applications, VANET has to integrate various technologies including sensor networks, which results in a new paradigm commonly referred to as vehicular sensor networks (VSN). Unlike traditional sensor networks, every node (vehicle) in VSN is equipped with various sensing (distance sensors, GPS, and cameras), storage, and communication capabilities, which can provide a wide range of applications including environmental surveillance and traffic monitoring. VSN has the potential to improve transportation technology and the transportation environment due to its unlimited power supply and resulting minimum energy constraints. However, VSN faces numerous challenges in terms of its design, implementation, network scalability, reliability, and deployment over large-scale networks, which need to be addressed before it is realized. This book comprises 12 outstanding research works related to vehicular sensor networks, addressing various aspects such as security, routing, SDN, and NDN.

Information technology industries --- barrier control --- sensors platform --- vehicle detection --- license plate recognition --- raspberry-pi --- features extraction --- machine learning algorithms --- connected vehicles, internet of vehicles --- security --- IoT --- blockchain --- vehicular ad-hoc network --- wireless sensor networks --- wake-up radio --- medium access control protocol --- receiver-initiated MAC protocol --- traffic adaptation --- software-defined vehicular network --- vehicle-to-everything (V2X) --- modeling and implementation --- software defined network --- information-centric networking (ICN) --- client-cache (CC) --- video on demand (VoD) --- vehicular sensor network (VSN) --- smart city --- delay tolerant network --- infrastructure offloading --- opportunistic network --- vehicular mobility --- energy consumption --- carbon emission --- V2V communication --- message contents plausibility --- power control --- vehicle edge computing --- 5G cellular networks --- multi-receiver signcryption --- privacy --- PSO --- genetic algorithm --- ITS --- UAV --- simulation --- dynamic positioning --- 3D placement --- vehicular communications --- cross-validation --- anti-collaborative attack --- resource-saving --- trust computing --- Caching --- Named Data Networking --- Information Centric Networking --- Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks --- 5G --- D2D communication --- vehicle-to-vehicle communication --- mode selection --- vehicular social network --- vehicular sensor networks (VSN) --- vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) --- privacy and trust --- cyber security --- multimedia and cellular communication --- emerging IoT applications in VANET and VSN --- blockchain within VANET and VSN --- barrier control --- sensors platform --- vehicle detection --- license plate recognition --- raspberry-pi --- features extraction --- machine learning algorithms --- connected vehicles, internet of vehicles --- security --- IoT --- blockchain --- vehicular ad-hoc network --- wireless sensor networks --- wake-up radio --- medium access control protocol --- receiver-initiated MAC protocol --- traffic adaptation --- software-defined vehicular network --- vehicle-to-everything (V2X) --- modeling and implementation --- software defined network --- information-centric networking (ICN) --- client-cache (CC) --- video on demand (VoD) --- vehicular sensor network (VSN) --- smart city --- delay tolerant network --- infrastructure offloading --- opportunistic network --- vehicular mobility --- energy consumption --- carbon emission --- V2V communication --- message contents plausibility --- power control --- vehicle edge computing --- 5G cellular networks --- multi-receiver signcryption --- privacy --- PSO --- genetic algorithm --- ITS --- UAV --- simulation --- dynamic positioning --- 3D placement --- vehicular communications --- cross-validation --- anti-collaborative attack --- resource-saving --- trust computing --- Caching --- Named Data Networking --- Information Centric Networking --- Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks --- 5G --- D2D communication --- vehicle-to-vehicle communication --- mode selection --- vehicular social network --- vehicular sensor networks (VSN) --- vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) --- privacy and trust --- cyber security --- multimedia and cellular communication --- emerging IoT applications in VANET and VSN --- blockchain within VANET and VSN