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The majority of carbon stored in the soils of the world is stored in forests. The refractory nature of some portions of forest soil organic matter also provides the slow, gradual release of organic nitrogen and phosphorus to sustain long term forest productivity. Contemporary and future disturbances, such as climatic warming, deforestation, short rotation sylviculture, the invasion of exotic species, and fire, all place strains on the integrity of this homeostatic system of C, N, and P cycling. On the other hand, the CO2 fertilization effect may partially offset losses of soil organic matter, but many have questioned the ability of N and P stocks to sustain the CO2 fertilization effect.

polyphenols --- aluminum accumulator --- near natural forest management --- chloroform fumigation extraction --- soil structure --- soil enzymes --- manure pelleting --- microbial biomass --- Oxisol --- biolability --- soil nutrients --- second production cycle --- PLFA --- pyrolysis --- Eucalyptus sp. --- Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation --- carbon --- the Three Gorges Reservoir --- revegetation --- carbon distribution index --- climate change --- seasons --- annual increment average --- topography --- humic substances --- litter N --- soil fertility --- climate zone --- nutrient cycling --- Daxing’an Mountains --- carbon mineralization --- nitrification --- 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR) --- organic matter --- throughfall --- forest soil --- dissolved organic carbon (DOC) --- P species --- stoichiometric homeostasis --- dissolved organic matter (DOM) --- soil organic matter fraction --- variable-charge soils --- ammonium --- nitrate --- soil degradation --- soil P fractions --- seasonal trends --- ammonia-oxidizing bacteria --- nitrogen dynamics --- net primary productivity --- soil microbial communities --- beech forests --- soil pH --- wood volume --- temperature --- northern temperate --- multilevel models --- Pinus massoniana plantation --- ammonia-oxidizing archaea --- P stock --- stand density --- P resorption efficiency --- forest types --- soil greenhouse gas flux --- enzyme activities --- soil N --- alpine forest --- moisture gradient --- climate --- climatic factors --- soil available phosphorus --- microbial activity --- soil available nitrogen --- leaf N:P ratio --- stemflow --- Chamaecyparis forest --- charcoal --- gross nitrogen transformations --- principal component analyses --- information review --- manuring --- stand age --- tree-DOM