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ECO Ecology --- carbon cycling --- ecology --- methods --- tree rings

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Biochar. --- Carbon cycling. --- Clean energy --- Soil fertility. --- Renewable natural resources. --- Economic aspects.

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

European Arctic --- Atlantic water inflow --- primary productivity enhancement --- climate change --- Arctic carbon cycling --- Arctic food webs --- advective processes --- carbon sink area

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For decades, conservation and research initiatives in tropical forests have focused almost exclusively on old-growth forests because scientists believed that these "pristine" ecosystems housed superior levels of biodiversity. With Second Growth, Robin L. Chazdon reveals those assumptions to be largely false, bringing to the fore the previously overlooked counterpart to old-growth forest: second growth. Even as human activities result in extensive fragmentation and deforestation, tropical forests demonstrate a great capacity for natural and human-aided regeneration. Although these damaged landscapes can take centuries to regain the characteristics of old growth, Chazdon shows here that regenerating-or second-growth-forests are vital, dynamic reservoirs of biodiversity and environmental services. What is more, they always have been. With chapters on the roles these forests play in carbon and nutrient cycling, sustaining biodiversity, providing timber and non-timber products, and integrated agriculture, Second Growth not only offers a thorough and wide-ranging overview of successional and restoration pathways, but also underscores the need to conserve, and further study, regenerating tropical forests in an attempt to inspire a new age of local and global stewardship.

Reforestation. --- Forest ecology. --- Forest ecosystems --- Forests and forestry --- Ecology --- Forestation --- Reafforestation --- Forest conservation --- Revegetation --- Afforestation --- Tree planting --- Tropics --- Equatorial regions --- Equatorial zones --- Subtropical regions --- Subtropics --- Tropical regions --- Tropical zones --- Zones, Equatorial --- Zones, Tropical --- Earth (Planet) --- Ecology. --- Tropical forests --- Natural regeneration --- Deforestation --- History --- Regenerative ability --- Forest management --- forest, nature, regeneration, deforestation, environment, conservation, tropics, ecology, science, old growth, biodiversity, ecosystem, landscapes, carbon cycling, nutrients, succession, degradation, timber, agriculture, commodities, holocene, climate variability, global warming, nonfiction, stewardship, reforestation, hydrology, water, natural resources, hurricanes, fire, wind damage, riverbank, logging, animal abundance, hunter gatherer, soil, seed dispersal, pollination.

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Understanding the differences in carbon and nitrogen distribution and cycling both spatially and temporally using various approaches is essential in forest ecosystems. In addition, the influence of biotic and abiotic factors as well as natural and artificial disturbances on carbon and nitrogen cycling need to first be understood before drawing their implications to forest management practices. This Special Issue aims to understand carbon and nitrogen distribution and cycling in forest ecosystems for ecosystem-based forest management under different natural and artificial disturbances.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- carbon --- decomposition --- disturbance --- ecosystem process --- extracellular enzymes --- exoenzymes --- forest fire --- nitrogen --- soil enzymes --- succession --- net primary production --- spatiotemporal patterns --- climate change --- phenology --- China --- protected forest --- carbon sequestration --- Abies religiosa --- soil organic carbon --- dissolved organic matter --- nitrogen addition --- Phyllostachys edulis --- carbon cycling --- Pinus resinosa --- soil respiration --- stand age --- carbon mass --- NPP --- Picea crassifolia --- carbon balance --- Qinling Mountains --- biomass regression model --- eddy covariance --- net primary productivity --- net ecosystem exchange --- hyphal exploration strategy --- atmospheric nitrogen deposition --- Russula --- deep soil --- forest floor --- forest management --- fertilization --- thinning --- fixed depth --- equivalent soil mass --- soil nitrogen mineralization --- plant-soil interactions --- resin core method --- forest conversion --- headwater catchment