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Monasticism and religious orders --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- History --- Histoire --- Ordre de la Merci --- Mercedarians --- French History --- Religious Order --- 16th-18th Century --- 271.65 --- Mercedariërs --- 271.65 Mercedariërs --- Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the Ransom of Captives --- Mercedarios --- Orden de Nuestra Señora de la Merced --- Ordo Beatae Mariae Virginis de Mercede Redemptionis Captivorum --- Nolascans --- Ordre de Notre Dame de la Merci --- Brethren of the Redemption of Captives --- Mercidarians --- Orden de la Redención de Cautivos --- Order of Our Lady of Mercy for the Ransom of Captives --- Orden de la Merced --- Orden de los Mercedarios --- Order of Our Lady of Mercy --- Knights of St. Eulalia --- Knights of Saint Eulalia --- OdeM (Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the Ransom of Captives) --- O. de M. --- Order of Our Lady of Ransom --- Orden Mercedaria --- History. --- Ordo de Mercede --- Redemptionum Ordo de Mercede

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How three white, non-elite American sailors turned their experiences of captivity into diverse career opportunities--and influenced America's physical, commercial, ideological, and diplomatic development. Winner of the John Lyman Book Award by the North American Society for Oceanic History From 1784 to 1815, hundreds of American sailors were held as "white slaves" in the North African Barbary States. In From Captives to Consuls, Brett Goodin vividly traces the lives of three of these men--Richard O'Brien, James Cathcart, and James Riley--from the Atlantic coast during the American Revolution to North Africa, from Philadelphia to the Louisiana Territories, and finally to the western frontier. This first scholarly biography of American captives in Barbary sifts through their highly curated writings to reveal how ordinary individuals in extraordinary circumstances could maneuver through and contribute to nation building in early America, all the while advancing their own interests. The three subjects of this collective biography both reflected and helped refine evolving American concepts of liberty, identity, race, masculinity, and nationhood. Time and again, Goodin reveals, O'Brien, Cathcart, and Riley uncovered opportunities in their adversity. They variously found advantage first in the Revolution as privateers, then in captivity by writing bestselling captivity narratives and successfully framing their ordeal as a qualification for coveted government employment. They even used their modest fame as ex-captives to become diplomats, get elected to state legislatures, and survey the nation's territorial expansions in the South and West. Their successful self-interested pursuit of opportunities offered by the expanding American empire, Goodin argues, constitutes what he calls "the invisible hand of American nation building." Goodin shows how these ordinary men, lacking the genius of a Benjamin Franklin or Alexander Hamilton, depended on sheer luck and adaptability in their quest for financial independence and public recognition. Drawing on archival collections, newspapers, private correspondence, and government documents, From Captives to Consulssheds new light on the significance of ordinary individuals in guiding early American ideas of science, international relations, and what it meant to be a self-made man.

Prisoners of war (Islamic law) --- United States --- History --- Captives (Islamic law) --- Islamic law --- Africa, North --- Libya --- O'Brien, Richard, --- Cathcart, James L. --- Riley, James, --- Riley, --- Captain Riley --- Captain James Riley, --- Cathcart, James Leander, --- Cathcart, Giacomo Leandro, --- O'Bryen, Richard,

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Church history --- Islamic civilization --- Mercedarians --- History --- Spain --- 946.02 --- -Civilization, Islamic --- Crusades --- Middle Ages --- Chivalry --- Civilization, Islamic --- Muslim civilization --- Civilization --- Civilization, Arab --- Christianity --- Ecclesiastical history --- History, Church --- History, Ecclesiastical --- Geschiedenis van Spanje: Arabische suprematie--(711-1479) --- -Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the Ransom of Captives --- Mercedarios --- Orden de Nuestra Señora de la Merced --- Ordo Beatae Mariae Virginis de Mercede Redemptionis Captivorum --- Nolascans --- Ordre de Notre Dame de la Merci --- Brethren of the Redemption of Captives --- Mercidarians --- Orden de la Redención de Cautivos --- Order of Our Lady of Mercy for the Ransom of Captives --- Orden de la Merced --- Orden de los Mercedarios --- Order of Our Lady of Mercy --- Knights of St. Eulalia --- Knights of Saint Eulalia --- OdeM (Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the Ransom of Captives) --- O. de M. --- Order of Our Lady of Ransom --- Orden Mercedaria --- Church history. --- -History --- 946.02 Geschiedenis van Spanje: Arabische suprematie--(711-1479) --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary for the Ransom of Captives --- History. --- Mercedarians - Spain - History. --- Spain - Church history. --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Spain - Church history --- Ordo de Mercede --- Redemptionum Ordo de Mercede

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War (International law) --- Islamic law --- Guerre (Droit international) --- Droit islamique --- Combatants and noncombatants (International law) --- Combatants and noncombatants (Islamic law) --- Humanitarian law --- Prisoners of war (Islamic law) --- Prisoners of war --- Captives (Islamic law) --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- Noncombatants (International law) --- Armed Forces --- Belligerency --- Military law --- International law --- Legal status, laws, etc

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From the beginning of the colonial period to the recent conflicts in the Middle East, encounters with the Muslim world have helped Americans define national identity and purpose. Focusing on America's encounter with the Barbary states of North Africa from 1776 to 1815, Robert Allison traces the perceptions and mis-perceptions of Islam in the American mind as the new nation constructed its ideology and system of government. "A powerful ending that explains how the experience with the Barbary states compelled many Americans to look inward . . . with increasing doubts about the institution of slavery." -David W. Lesch, Middle East Journal "Allison's incisive and informative account of the fledgling republic's encounter with the Muslim world is a revelation with a special pertinence to today's international scene." -Richard W. Bulliet, Journal of Interdisciplinary History "This book should be widely read. . . . Allison's study provides a context for understanding more recent developments, such as America's tendency to demonize figures like Iran's Khumaini, Libya's Qaddafi, and Iraq's Saddam." -Richard M. Eaton, Eighteenth Century Studies

Islam --- Public opinion --- Public opinion. --- Africa, North --- United States --- Barbary States --- Maghreb --- Maghrib --- North Africa --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- Relations --- Foreign public opinion, American. --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- united states of america, american history, muslims, muslim world, islam, religion, faith, international relations, colonial period, nation, middle east, national identity, north africa, barbary, ideology, government, federal, slavery, demonization, public opinion, policy, captives, tripolitan war, james riley, 19th century, sweden, piracy, thomas jefferson, military, shipping rights, mediterranean sea.