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Carcinogenesis --- Congresses --- Cancer --- Risk factors --- Animal models --- Carcinogenesis - Congresses. --- Cancer - Risk factors - Congresses. --- Cancer - Animal models - Congresses. --- DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL --- NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL --- RESEARCH --- CHEMICALLY INDUCED --- METHODS

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Digital health has undergone an astounding transformation since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Almost all fields of medicine have adopted digital technologies to deliver patient care. Rapid advances in artificial intelligence, Big Data, augmented reality, Internet of Medical Things, connected devices, robotics, and algorithms will revolutionize digital health in almost all fields of medicine in the future. With the widespread use of smartphones, downloadable or internet-based applications (apps) will play a major role in the diagnosis of diseases, and monitoring and management of patients. However, the implementation of digital health is not without challenges and concerns. These include security and privacy of patient data, lack of a universal legal and regulatory framework, accountability, data ownership, and health inequity, among others. Despite these challenges and concerns, it is undeniable that digital health has revolutionized patient care and will continue to do so. The chapters of this open access book are examples of such revolution, challenges, and concerns. A multidisciplinary team of clinicians and researchers provide a balanced discussion of the benefits and challenges of digital health in ophthalmology, oncology, chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, transfusion medicine, stroke, opioid crisis, and the care of elderly. Also, there are chapters addressing the concerns of health inequity, and the risks and security of patient-generated data. This is a timely open access book not only for clinicians, but also for everyone who is interested in transformation of health care to digital health care.

MBPC --- Electronic Patient-Generated Health Data; Cancer Risk Prediction Models; Federated Databases; Electronic Health Records; Digital Health for the Opioid Crisis; NIH Funding; Telehealth in Ophthalmology; Promote Healthy Aging in Older People; Japan’s Challenges and Perspective; Explainable Decisions of Artificial Intelligence Models; Prediction of Functional Outcomes of Ischemic Stroke Patients; GER-e-TEC Study; Geriatric Risk Remote Monitoring; Artificial Intelligence in Transfusion Medicine; Digital Health Equity; Telemedicine in Obstructive Chronic Respiratory Diseases

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Medical mineralogy and geochemistry constitute an important field, yet little attention has been paid to it by scientists, administrators, or the public. The aims of this book are: (a) to focus on a selection of current challenges and research opportunities and (b) to encourage knowledge transfer between geochemists and mineralogists whose work concerns medical problems and medical scientists who study problems surrounding biominerals and geomaterials. This book covers a variety of novel approaches, tools and techniques, and scenarios of contamination in water and wastewater, and is a key resource for policymakers and environmental scientists working hard to address environmental pollutants. The key features are: state-of-the-art techniques for the assessment and remediation of heavy metals, presenting the interdisciplinary impacts of heavy metals, including those on human health, ecosystems and water quality, and including various contamination indices, such as contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, pollution index and ecological risk index.

phosphorus --- adsorption --- steel slag --- fly ash --- activated clay --- reactor --- Ramganga River --- turbidity --- Landsat 8 SR --- water quality --- Ganges River --- fluoride --- groundwater --- Sustainable Development Goal 6 --- rural community water supply --- weathered basement aquifer --- hydrogeology --- policy change --- risk --- heavy metal --- human health --- pollution indices --- soil --- plant diseases --- nanoparticles --- diseases --- biotic stress --- management --- silver nanoparticles --- zinc nanoparticles --- calcium carbonate nanoparticles --- calcium oxide nanoparticles --- incense sticks ash --- sludge --- eggshell --- terrestrial environment --- radiocesium --- cesium-137 --- radioactive contamination --- cancer risk --- radionuclide --- nuclear accident --- nominal risk --- decision making

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The volume raises attention to the need of a completely new approach to breast cancer based on the knowledge collected on early breast cancer in the past two decades. The chapters are contributed by experts of all the fields participating in the clinical research and care of breast cancer. The practical importance of such a book is underlined by the increasing number of breast cancer cases, and also the increasing proportion of early stage-cases. The ultimate goal of the book is to point to the heterogeneous nature of the disease which is more striking and has more importance in care at the very early stages than at the more advanced stages. The book recommends the utilisation of all the information provided by multimodality imaging and special pathological methods, a new classification system and therapeutic guidelines since early breast cancers should not be treated based on experience obtained with palpable tumors. No similar book has been yet released to the market. The book is written for all the members of the team participating in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, clinical and radiation oncologists), but may be useful for medical students and residents too. The chapters are illustrated with didactic pictures, and special emphasis is given to provide a peep into the practice of the special procedures for the careful examination and individualized therapy of each case.

Breast -- Cancer -- Diagnosis. --- Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. --- Breast -- Cancer -- Risk factors. --- Breast -- Cancer -- Treatment. --- Breast Neoplasms -- diagnosis. --- Breast --- Biology --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Neoplasms by Site --- Breast Diseases --- Genetic Variation --- Genetic Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Skin Diseases --- Neoplasms --- Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases --- Diseases --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Phenomena and Processes --- Breast Neoplasms --- Genetics --- Genetic Heterogeneity --- Early Diagnosis --- Diagnosis --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Cancer --- Cancer. --- Diseases. --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human physiology. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Human Physiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Oncology. --- Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Tumors --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research --- Physiological effect

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The cancer stem cell (CSC) paradigm represents one of the most prominent breakthroughs of the last decades in tumor biology. CSCs are that subpopulation within a tumor that can survive conventional therapies and as a consequence are able to fuel tumor recurrence. Nevertheless, the biological characteristics of CSCs and even their existence, remain the main topic among tumor biologists debates. The difficulty in achieving a better definition of CSC biology may actually be explained by the plasticity of such a cell subpopulation. Indeed, the emerging view is that CSCs represent a dynamic “state” of tumor cells that can acquire stemness-related properties under specific circumstances, rather than referring to a well-defined group of cells. Regardless of their origin, it is clear that designing novel antitumor treatments based on the eradication of CSCs will only be possible upon unraveling the biological mechanisms that underlie their pathogenic role in tumor progression and therapy resistance. The Special Issue on “New aspects of cancer stem cell biology: implications for innovative therapies” aims at highlighting recent insights into CSC features that can make them an attractive target for novel therapeutic strategies.

Cadherin 11 --- WNT signaling --- β-catenin --- cancer stem cells --- TNBC --- early breast cancer --- bevacizumab --- neoadjuvant chemotherapy --- ALDH1 --- solid cancer --- chemo-resistance --- HDAC inhibitors --- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma --- SRC --- dasatinib --- saracatinib --- EC-8042 --- Ovarian cancer --- Wnt signaling --- tumor progression --- therapy resistance --- exosomes --- oral cancer risk --- oral epithelial dysplasia --- SOX2 --- immunohistochemistry --- oral squamous cell carcinoma --- genome-wide --- transcriptome --- lung cancer --- ATAC-seq --- RNA-seq --- CSCs --- NSCLC --- B4GALT1 --- LUAD --- breast cancer --- lipid --- metabolism --- therapeutic resistance --- bowel cancer --- organoid --- tumoroid --- colorectal --- colon --- stem cell --- chemotherapy resistance --- ovarian cancer --- cancer stem cell --- genetic heterogeneity --- SNP array --- L1CAM --- chemoresistance --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition --- cancer therapy --- cell adhesion molecule