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This book collects for the first time the black freedom movement writings of Jack O'Dell and restores one of the great unsung heroes of the civil rights movement to his rightful place in the historical record. Climbin' Jacob's Ladder puts O'Dell's historically significant essays in context and reveals how he helped shape the civil rights movement. From his early years in the 1940s National Maritime Union, to his pioneering work in the early 1960s with Martin Luther King Jr., to his international efforts for the Rainbow Coalition during the 1980s, O'Dell was instrumental in the development of the intellectual vision and the institutions that underpinned several decades of anti-racist struggle. He was a member of the outlawed Communist Party in the 1950s and endured red-baiting throughout his long social justice career. This volume is edited by Nikhil Pal Singh and includes a lengthy introduction based on interviews he conducted with O'Dell on his early life and later experiences. Climbin' Jacob's Ladder provides readers with a firm grasp of the civil rights movement's left wing, which O'Dell represents, and illuminates a more radical and global account of twentieth-century US history.

African Americans --- Civil rights movements --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil liberation movements --- Liberation movements (Civil rights) --- Protest movements (Civil rights) --- Human rights movements --- Civil rights --- History --- History. --- Social conditions --- United States --- Black people --- 1940s. --- 1950s. --- 1960s. --- 1980s. --- 20th century. --- african americans. --- america. --- anti racist. --- black freedom movement. --- black freedom. --- civil rights movement. --- collected writings. --- communist party. --- historical record. --- historical. --- human condition. --- international efforts. --- left wing. --- martin luther king jr. --- national maritime union. --- nonfiction. --- political. --- radical politics. --- rainbow coalition. --- red baiting. --- retrospective. --- social justice. --- united states. --- unsung heroes. --- us history.

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Winner of the 2014 Anna Julia Cooper-CLR James Book Award presented by the National Council of Black StudiesWinner of the 2014 PEN Oakland-Josephine Miles Award for Excellence in LiteratureIn We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement, Akinyele Omowale Umoja argues that armed resistance was critical to the Southern freedom struggle and the dismantling of segregation and Black disenfranchisement. Intimidation and fear were central to the system of oppression in most of the Deep South. To overcome the system of segregation, Black people had to overcome fear to present a significant challenge to White domination. As the civil rights movement developed, armed self-defense and resistance became a significant means by which the descendants of enslaved Africans overturned fear and intimidation and developed different political and social relationships between Black and White Mississippians.This riveting historical narrative reconstructs the armed resistance of Black activists, their challenge of racist terrorism, and their fight for human rights.

Civil rights movements --- Civil rights workers --- African Americans --- Self-defense --- Hand-to-hand fighting --- Martial arts --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil rights activists --- Race relations reformers --- Social reformers --- History --- Suffrage --- Civil rights --- Political aspects --- Mississippi Freedom Project. --- Mississippi Freedom Summer Project --- Freedom Summer Project (Mississippi) --- Mississippi Summer Project --- Freedom Vote Project --- Council of Federated Organizations (U.S.) --- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party --- Mississippi --- State of Mississippi --- Missisipi --- Місісіпі --- Misisipi --- Штат Місісіпі --- Shtat Misisipi --- Мисисипи --- Щат Мисисипи --- Mísísípii Hahoodzo --- Mississippi osariik --- Μισισιπι --- Πολιτεία του Μισισίπι --- Politeia tou Misisipi --- Estado de Misisipi --- Misisipio --- État du Mississippi --- Mississippy --- 미시시피 주 --- Misisipʻi-ju --- 미시시피 --- Mikikipi --- מיסיסיפי --- מדינת מיסיסיפי --- Medinat Misisipi --- US-MS --- MS (State : Mississippi) --- MI (State : Mississippi) --- Miss. --- Race relations --- Black people --- Black Freedom Struggle. --- Black history. --- Civil rights movement. --- Ku Klux Klan Mississippi Freedom Struggle. --- SNCC. --- armed resistance. --- armed self-defense. --- freedom struggle. --- nonviolence. --- political activism. --- segregation.

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"Upending the Ivory Tower illuminates how the Black Power movement, which was borne out of an effort to edify the most disfranchised of the black masses, also took root in the hallowed halls of America's most esteemed institutions of higher education. Between the close of WWII and 1975, the civil rights and Black Power movements transformed the demographics and operation of the Ivy League on and off campus. As desegregators and racial pioneers, black students, staff, and faculty used their status in the black intelligentsia to enhance their predominantly white institutions while advancing black freedom. Although they were often marginalized because of their race and class, the newcomers altered educational policies and inserted blackness into the curricula and culture of the unabashedly exclusive and starkly white schools"--

Universities and colleges. --- Students --- Academic freedom. --- EDUCATION --- Academic freedom --- Universities and colleges --- College integration --- Discrimination in higher education --- Black power --- Racism in higher education --- African Americans --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Education, Higher --- College desegregation --- Desegregation in higher education --- Integration in higher education --- School integration --- Pupils --- School life --- Student life and customs --- Persons --- Education --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Educational freedom --- Freedom, Academic --- Freedom of information --- Liberty --- Intellectual freedom --- Student rights --- Students' rights --- Colleges --- Degree-granting institutions --- Higher education institutions --- Higher education providers --- Institutions of higher education --- Postsecondary institutions --- Public institutions --- Civil rights. --- Higher. --- Civil rights --- History. --- History --- Education (Higher) --- United States. --- A Better Chance program. --- AAS. --- ASRC. --- Afro-American Society. --- Afro-American Studies program. --- Afro-American Studies. --- Afro. --- Alpha Phi Alpha. --- American Housing Act of 1949. --- Ancient Eight. --- Association of Black Collegians. --- Black Bottom. --- Black Panther Party for Self Defense. --- Black Power Movement. --- Black Student Alliance at YaleBlack Coalition. --- Black Student Power. --- Black Studies. --- Boulé. --- Carl A. Fields. --- Civil Rights Movement. --- Committee on Afro-American Studies. --- Committee on Civil Rights. --- Congdon Street Baptist Church. --- Ethnic Studies. --- Foundation Years. --- Harlem. --- Harvard. --- Ivy League. --- Jim Crow North. --- John Sloan Dickey. --- Mantua. --- May Day. --- McClane Report. --- Morningside Heights. --- National Medical Association. --- National Scholarship and Service Fund for Negro Students Trustees’ Committee on Equal Opportunity. --- Niagara movement. --- Nigresence. --- PWIs. --- Pembroke College. --- Philadelphia. --- Project Double DiscoveryUpward Bound. --- ROTC. --- Raymond Heffner. --- Robert Goheen. --- Rosovsky Committee. --- Shabazz Center. --- Sigma Pi Phi. --- South Africa. --- Straight Hall. --- Students for a Democratic Society. --- University City Science Center. --- V-12 Navy College Training Program. --- Vice Lords. --- Vietnam. --- Wari House. --- Woodrow Wilson. --- affordable housing. --- apartheid. --- black freedom movement. --- black intelligentsia. --- black students. --- critical race theory. --- desegregators. --- diversity. --- eating clubs. --- expansion. --- interest convergence theory. --- key functionary theory. --- predominantly white institutions. --- urban renewal. --- white flight. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- Black people --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- AB --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi͡avks Shtattn --- Saharat ʻAmērik --- Si͡evero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si͡evernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerick --- Spojené staty americk --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheirice --- SUA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígí --- Zʹi͡ednani Derz͡havy Ameryky --- Zluchanyi͡a Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz͡havy --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi͡avks Shtattnė