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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi. They cause deleterious effects on humans, animals, and plants. More than one hundred mycotoxins are known which contaminate food and feed raw materials. Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination can occur directly in fields (pre-harvest stage), during storage, or during industrial processing (post-harvest stage). Given the proven toxicity of mycotoxins and their widespread distribution, it is necessary to prevent their occurrence in food and feed. To limit mycotoxin contamination, several techniques can be adopted at the pre-harvest or post-harvest stages. These techniques can reduce mycotoxin concentration through fungal growth reduction or mechanisms leading to mycotoxin degradation or mycotoxin detoxification (i.e., reduction of the toxicity). Until very recently, fungicides were favored to limit mycotoxin contamination by reducing fungal growth. Nonetheless, the sanitary and environmental impacts of these products and their effects on food quality encourage the development of alternative strategies based on biocontrol agents (BCAs) or natural compounds. Moreover, in some cases, fungal growth reduction can stimulate mycotoxin production. The focus of this Special Issue of Toxins is to gather the most recent advances related to reducing mycotoxin contamination in food and feed using BCAs and natural compounds. In this context, two main types of approaches can be proposed: Preventive methods that could be applied in the field, during storage, or during industrial processing and curative methods that detoxify contaminated matrices by eliminating the produced mycotoxin.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- antimycotoxigenic activity --- Citrullus colocynthis --- Aspergillus flavus --- model system --- HPLC-MS/MS --- fungal-bacterial interactions --- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens --- Fusarium graminearum --- Fengycin --- mycotoxins --- Alternaria alternata --- mycotoxin --- alternariol --- essential oil --- cell integrity --- oxidative stress --- Ochratoxin A --- biological control --- Qatari microflora --- Burkholderia cepacia --- thermostability --- antagonistic agents --- in vitro dual culture bioassay --- nutritional competition --- aflatoxin --- atoxigenic strain --- maize --- Serbia --- phenyllactic acid --- biocontrol agent --- T-2 toxin --- F. langsethiae --- F. sporotrichioides --- G. candidum --- mycotoxin. --- fullerol C60(OH)24 --- nanoparticles --- foodborne mycotoxigenic fungi --- secondary metabolism --- Aspergillus spp. --- Fusarium spp. --- Alternaria spp. --- Penicillium spp. --- antimycotoxigenic activity --- Citrullus colocynthis --- Aspergillus flavus --- model system --- HPLC-MS/MS --- fungal-bacterial interactions --- Bacillus amyloliquefaciens --- Fusarium graminearum --- Fengycin --- mycotoxins --- Alternaria alternata --- mycotoxin --- alternariol --- essential oil --- cell integrity --- oxidative stress --- Ochratoxin A --- biological control --- Qatari microflora --- Burkholderia cepacia --- thermostability --- antagonistic agents --- in vitro dual culture bioassay --- nutritional competition --- aflatoxin --- atoxigenic strain --- maize --- Serbia --- phenyllactic acid --- biocontrol agent --- T-2 toxin --- F. langsethiae --- F. sporotrichioides --- G. candidum --- mycotoxin. --- fullerol C60(OH)24 --- nanoparticles --- foodborne mycotoxigenic fungi --- secondary metabolism --- Aspergillus spp. --- Fusarium spp. --- Alternaria spp. --- Penicillium spp.

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Greenhouse horticulture is one of the most intensive agricultural systems, focusing on the production of high-value products. This book presents current research findings that cover a wide range of new technologies and novel agricultural practices, which are preconditions for successful production in a very competitive global environment.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- soilless culture --- root growth --- root/shoot ratio --- Allium porrum --- organic management --- production --- sugars --- selenium --- antioxidants --- minerals --- remote sensing --- hyperspectral --- reflectance index --- classification tree --- machine vision --- accumulated radiation method --- feedback irrigation system --- fuzzy control system --- irrigation dose --- precision irrigation --- phyto-sensing --- transpiration --- water use efficiency --- Sisymbrium officinale --- Brassicaceae --- hedge mustard --- leafy vegetables --- container substrates --- physical properties --- chemical properties --- biomass --- Citrullus lanatus --- vegetable grafting --- optimal production --- marketable seedlings --- quality indicators --- greenhouse --- metro-mix --- Dahlia --- Rudbeckia --- Gerbera --- abiotic factors --- biocontrol agent (BCA) --- controlled environment --- ecological theory --- molecular mechanisms --- non-phototrophic bacteria --- pathogens --- phyllosphere --- plant metabolism --- plant morphology --- semi-transparent photovoltaic modules --- hydroponics --- tomato --- bioactive ingredients --- lycopene --- antioxidant capacity --- urban agriculture --- reclaimed wastewater --- controlled environment agriculture --- soilless production --- brewery --- Brassica juncea --- Lactuca sativa --- Ocimum basilicum --- light emitting diodes --- GA3 --- extended photoperiod --- light --- protected cultivation --- vegetables --- ornamental

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Process monitoring and control are fundamental to all processes; this holds especially for bioprocesses, due to their complex nature. Usually, bioprocesses deal with living cells, which have their own regulatory systems. It helps to adjust the cell to its environmental condition. This must not be the optimal condition that the cell needs to produce whatever is desired. Therefore, a close monitoring of the cell and its environment is essential to provide optimal conditions for production. Without measurement, no information of the current process state is obtained. In this book, methods and techniques are provided for the monitoring and control of bioprocesses. From new developments for sensors, the application of spectroscopy and modelling approaches, the estimation and observer implementation for ethanol production and the development and scale-up of various bioprocesses and their closed loop control information are presented. The processes discussed here are very diverse. The major applications are cultivation processes, where microorganisms were grown, but also an incubation process of bird’s eggs, as well as an indoor climate control for humans, will be discussed. Altogether, in 12 chapters, nine original research papers and three reviews are presented.

bioenvironmental control --- model-predictive controller --- zonal controlling --- dynamic modelling --- flotation --- bioleaching --- frother --- mixed culture --- machine learning --- Raman spectroscopy --- downstream processing --- chromatography --- flow cell --- extended Kalman filter --- biotechnological processes --- bioreactor control --- specific growth rate control --- batch-to-batch reproducibility --- thermal sensation --- thermal comfort --- machine-learning --- prediction --- adaptive controlling --- thermal growth curve --- temperature modeling --- thermoregulation --- monitoring and control --- bioprocess engineering --- calorimetry --- biocontrol agent --- Bacillus subtilis natto --- isolation --- molecular identification --- medium optimization --- antimicrobial activity --- bactericides --- spectral analyses --- biological selenate reduction --- electron donor competition --- nitrate --- perchlorate --- sequencing batch --- Pseudomonas --- siderophores --- antagonism --- batch fermentation --- exponential fed-batch fermentation --- bio-friendly formulations --- biocontrol --- nonlinear state estimation --- geometric observer --- bioreactor --- continuous system --- model-based sensor --- well-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined polymers --- conjugated oligomers --- oligo(arylene ethynylene)s --- biosensors --- sensors --- process monitoring --- bioprocess monitoring and control --- signal noise management --- dielectric spectroscopy --- PAT --- microbial bioprocessing --- n/a

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Process monitoring and control are fundamental to all processes; this holds especially for bioprocesses, due to their complex nature. Usually, bioprocesses deal with living cells, which have their own regulatory systems. It helps to adjust the cell to its environmental condition. This must not be the optimal condition that the cell needs to produce whatever is desired. Therefore, a close monitoring of the cell and its environment is essential to provide optimal conditions for production. Without measurement, no information of the current process state is obtained. In this book, methods and techniques are provided for the monitoring and control of bioprocesses. From new developments for sensors, the application of spectroscopy and modelling approaches, the estimation and observer implementation for ethanol production and the development and scale-up of various bioprocesses and their closed loop control information are presented. The processes discussed here are very diverse. The major applications are cultivation processes, where microorganisms were grown, but also an incubation process of bird’s eggs, as well as an indoor climate control for humans, will be discussed. Altogether, in 12 chapters, nine original research papers and three reviews are presented.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- bioenvironmental control --- model-predictive controller --- zonal controlling --- dynamic modelling --- flotation --- bioleaching --- frother --- mixed culture --- machine learning --- Raman spectroscopy --- downstream processing --- chromatography --- flow cell --- extended Kalman filter --- biotechnological processes --- bioreactor control --- specific growth rate control --- batch-to-batch reproducibility --- thermal sensation --- thermal comfort --- machine-learning --- prediction --- adaptive controlling --- thermal growth curve --- temperature modeling --- thermoregulation --- monitoring and control --- bioprocess engineering --- calorimetry --- biocontrol agent --- Bacillus subtilis natto --- isolation --- molecular identification --- medium optimization --- antimicrobial activity --- bactericides --- spectral analyses --- biological selenate reduction --- electron donor competition --- nitrate --- perchlorate --- sequencing batch --- Pseudomonas --- siderophores --- antagonism --- batch fermentation --- exponential fed-batch fermentation --- bio-friendly formulations --- biocontrol --- nonlinear state estimation --- geometric observer --- bioreactor --- continuous system --- model-based sensor --- well-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined polymers --- conjugated oligomers --- oligo(arylene ethynylene)s --- biosensors --- sensors --- process monitoring --- bioprocess monitoring and control --- signal noise management --- dielectric spectroscopy --- PAT --- microbial bioprocessing --- bioenvironmental control --- model-predictive controller --- zonal controlling --- dynamic modelling --- flotation --- bioleaching --- frother --- mixed culture --- machine learning --- Raman spectroscopy --- downstream processing --- chromatography --- flow cell --- extended Kalman filter --- biotechnological processes --- bioreactor control --- specific growth rate control --- batch-to-batch reproducibility --- thermal sensation --- thermal comfort --- machine-learning --- prediction --- adaptive controlling --- thermal growth curve --- temperature modeling --- thermoregulation --- monitoring and control --- bioprocess engineering --- calorimetry --- biocontrol agent --- Bacillus subtilis natto --- isolation --- molecular identification --- medium optimization --- antimicrobial activity --- bactericides --- spectral analyses --- biological selenate reduction --- electron donor competition --- nitrate --- perchlorate --- sequencing batch --- Pseudomonas --- siderophores --- antagonism --- batch fermentation --- exponential fed-batch fermentation --- bio-friendly formulations --- biocontrol --- nonlinear state estimation --- geometric observer --- bioreactor --- continuous system --- model-based sensor --- well-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined macromolecules --- sequence-defined polymers --- conjugated oligomers --- oligo(arylene ethynylene)s --- biosensors --- sensors --- process monitoring --- bioprocess monitoring and control --- signal noise management --- dielectric spectroscopy --- PAT --- microbial bioprocessing

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Greenhouse horticulture is one of the most intensive agricultural systems, focusing on the production of high-value products. This book presents current research findings that cover a wide range of new technologies and novel agricultural practices, which are preconditions for successful production in a very competitive global environment.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- soilless culture --- root growth --- root/shoot ratio --- Allium porrum --- organic management --- production --- sugars --- selenium --- antioxidants --- minerals --- remote sensing --- hyperspectral --- reflectance index --- classification tree --- machine vision --- accumulated radiation method --- feedback irrigation system --- fuzzy control system --- irrigation dose --- precision irrigation --- phyto-sensing --- transpiration --- water use efficiency --- Sisymbrium officinale --- Brassicaceae --- hedge mustard --- leafy vegetables --- container substrates --- physical properties --- chemical properties --- biomass --- Citrullus lanatus --- vegetable grafting --- optimal production --- marketable seedlings --- quality indicators --- greenhouse --- metro-mix --- Dahlia --- Rudbeckia --- Gerbera --- abiotic factors --- biocontrol agent (BCA) --- controlled environment --- ecological theory --- molecular mechanisms --- non-phototrophic bacteria --- pathogens --- phyllosphere --- plant metabolism --- plant morphology --- semi-transparent photovoltaic modules --- hydroponics --- tomato --- bioactive ingredients --- lycopene --- antioxidant capacity --- urban agriculture --- reclaimed wastewater --- controlled environment agriculture --- soilless production --- brewery --- Brassica juncea --- Lactuca sativa --- Ocimum basilicum --- light emitting diodes --- GA3 --- extended photoperiod --- light --- protected cultivation --- vegetables --- ornamental --- soilless culture --- root growth --- root/shoot ratio --- Allium porrum --- organic management --- production --- sugars --- selenium --- antioxidants --- minerals --- remote sensing --- hyperspectral --- reflectance index --- classification tree --- machine vision --- accumulated radiation method --- feedback irrigation system --- fuzzy control system --- irrigation dose --- precision irrigation --- phyto-sensing --- transpiration --- water use efficiency --- Sisymbrium officinale --- Brassicaceae --- hedge mustard --- leafy vegetables --- container substrates --- physical properties --- chemical properties --- biomass --- Citrullus lanatus --- vegetable grafting --- optimal production --- marketable seedlings --- quality indicators --- greenhouse --- metro-mix --- Dahlia --- Rudbeckia --- Gerbera --- abiotic factors --- biocontrol agent (BCA) --- controlled environment --- ecological theory --- molecular mechanisms --- non-phototrophic bacteria --- pathogens --- phyllosphere --- plant metabolism --- plant morphology --- semi-transparent photovoltaic modules --- hydroponics --- tomato --- bioactive ingredients --- lycopene --- antioxidant capacity --- urban agriculture --- reclaimed wastewater --- controlled environment agriculture --- soilless production --- brewery --- Brassica juncea --- Lactuca sativa --- Ocimum basilicum --- light emitting diodes --- GA3 --- extended photoperiod --- light --- protected cultivation --- vegetables --- ornamental