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Book
Gas Flows in Microsystems
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039215434 3039215426 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The last two decades have witnessed a rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) involving gas microflows in various technical fields. Gas microflows can, for example, be observed in microheat exchangers designed for chemical applications or for cooling of electronic components, in fluidic microactuators developed for active flow control purposes, in micronozzles used for the micropropulsion of nano and picosats, in microgas chromatographs, analyzers or separators, in vacuum generators and in Knudsen micropumps, as well as in some organs-on-a-chip, such as artificial lungs. These flows are rarefied due to the small MEMS dimensions, and the rarefaction can be increased by low-pressure conditions. The flows relate to the slip flow, transition or free molecular regimes and can involve monatomic or polyatomic gases and gas mixtures. Hydrodynamics and heat and mass transfer are strongly impacted by rarefaction effects, and temperature-driven microflows offer new opportunities for designing original MEMS for gas pumping or separation. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on novel theoretical and numerical models or data, as well as on new experimental results and technics, for improving knowledge on heat and mass transfer in gas microflows. Papers dealing with the development of original gas MEMS are also welcome.

Keywords

preconcentrator --- UV absorption --- n/a --- bearing characteristics --- ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) --- resonant micro-electromechanical-systems (MEMS) --- heat sinks --- measurement and control --- flow choking --- mixing length --- gas flows in micro scale --- BTEX --- kinetic theory --- PID detector --- ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- OpenFOAM --- direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) --- thermally induced flow --- vacuum micropump --- miniaturization --- gaseous rarefaction effects --- modelling --- volatile organic compound (VOC) detection --- supersonic microjets --- slip flow --- Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems (NEMS) --- micro-mirrors --- micro-scale flows --- microfabrication --- Knudsen pump --- microfluidic --- microfluidics --- hollow core waveguides --- capillary tubes --- gas mixing --- advanced measurement technologies --- DSMC --- Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) --- microchannels --- miniaturized gas chromatograph --- Pitot tube --- multi-stage micromixer --- analytical solution --- pressure drop --- micro-mixer --- thermal transpiration --- photoionization detector --- FE analysis --- gas mixtures --- spectrophotometry --- Knudsen layer --- pulsed flow --- Fanno flow --- integrated micro sensors --- binary gas mixing --- modified Reynolds equation --- rarefied gas flow --- rarefied gas flows --- backward facing step --- modular micromixer --- fractal surface topography --- underexpansion --- electronic cooling --- splitter --- compressibility --- photolithography --- Benzene --- out-of-plane comb actuation --- gas sensors --- aerodynamic effect --- fluid damping --- toluene --- control mixture composition


Book
Green Low-Carbon Technology for Metalliferous Minerals
Author:
ISBN: 3036557989 3036557970 Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Metalliferous minerals play a central role in the global economy. They will continue to provide the raw materials we need for industrial processes. Significant challenges will likely emerge if the climate-driven green and low-carbon development transition of metalliferous mineral exploitation is not managed responsibly and sustainably. Green low-carbon technology is vital to promote the development of metalliferous mineral resources shifting from extensive and destructive mining to clean and energy-saving mining in future decades. Global mining scientists and engineers have conducted a lot of research in related fields, such as green mining, ecological mining, energy-saving mining, and mining solid waste recycling, and have achieved a great deal of innovative progress and achievements. This Special Issue intends to collect the latest developments in the green low-carbon mining field, written by well-known researchers who have contributed to the innovation of new technologies, process optimization methods, or energy-saving techniques in metalliferous minerals development.

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Mining technology & engineering --- metallurgical slag-based binders --- solidification/stabilisation --- As(III) --- As(V) --- calcium hydroxide --- sublevel caving --- numerical simulation --- physical model --- structural parameter --- green mining --- limestone --- high temperature --- confining pressure --- SHPB --- constitutive model --- open-pit mine --- PLAXIS 3D --- dynamic load --- safety factor --- acceleration --- particle sedimentation --- filling mining --- degree of influence --- pipeline transportation --- solid waste utilization --- tailings --- reclamation risk --- hazard identification --- complex network --- hazard management --- digital mine --- mine short-term production planning --- haulage equipment dispatch plan --- ABCA --- NSGA --- settlement velocity measurement --- K-means --- tailings backfill --- unsupervised learning --- cemented paste backfill --- ESEM --- picture processing --- floc networks --- pumping agent --- fractal dimension --- backfill slurry --- strength of cemented backfill --- inhomogeneity of cemented backfill --- cemented tailings backfill --- copper --- zinc --- recovery --- sulfide concentrate --- artificial microbial community --- granular backfill --- bearing characteristics --- numerical model --- particle size --- surface subsidence --- blasting dust movement --- dust concentration --- particle size distribution --- blasting dust reduction --- backfill --- metal mine --- log-sigmoid --- tailings pond --- regional distribution --- dam break --- accident statistics --- causation analysis --- backfilling --- increasing resistance and reducing pressure --- computational fluid dynamics --- spiral pipe --- stowing gradient --- coal-based solid waste --- orthogonal experiment --- strength development --- regression analysis --- engineering performance --- n/a

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