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Maintenance, test schedules, and testing procedures that can be used to optimize the life and performance of permanently installed, vented lead-acid storage batteries used for standby service are provided. Guidance to determine when batteries should be replaced is also provided. This recommended practice is applicable to standby service stationary applications where a charger maintains the battery fully charged and supplies the dc loads.

Battery management systems.

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Power-line communications (PLC) in traction batteries is a promising data bus concept for battery management systems. This work presents a channel modeling approach, as well as an analysis of the PLC channel behavior and noise based on measurements. Furthermore, single-carrier and multi-carrier communication systems are designed, evaluated by simulations, and compared among them.

battery management system --- Batteriemanagement-Systeme --- Powerline-Kommunikation --- Power-line communication

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This work introduces a novel wireless approach for the data transmission within automotive battery management systems. The main target is the reduction of the wiring harness deployed in a battery. The characteristics of the wireless in-battery channel are investigated by means of measurements and software-based electromagnetic simulations. Different types of antennas and frequency bands are analyzed. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated by means of simulations and prototypes.

HF-Messung --- Battery Management System --- Drahtlose Kommunikation --- Electromagnetic Simulation --- Antenne --- Wireless Communications --- Batteriemanagementsystem --- Elektromagnetische Simulation --- RF Measurement --- Antenna

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The energy consumption behaviors of the vehicles with electric motors are different compared to traditional internal combustion engines. As a result of regenerative braking systems, electric vehicles also have the possibility to recover energy during the journey. This feature causes a considerable variation in consumption functions, especially on negative slopes. This study focuses on finding the optimal or near-optimal TSP tours for electric vehicles on real-time fed data with the consideration of the road grades, transported loads, the speed of the vehicle, and acceleration-deceleration. These conditions mean that much more complexity in a traveling salesman problem, whose exact methods are already requiring a significant amount of computation time. The ultimate aim was obtaining high-quality solutions using efficient steepest ascent and simulated annealing metaheuristics while reducing the computation times.

electric vehicles --- traveling salesman problem --- energy minimization --- battery management --- metaheuristic --- simulated annealing --- steepest ascent --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Méthodes quantitatives en économie & gestion

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The future of electric vehicles relies nearly entirely on the design, monitoring, and control of the vehicle battery and its associated systems. Along with an initial optimal design of the cell/pack-level structure, the runtime performance of the battery needs to be continuously monitored and optimized for a safe and reliable operation and prolonged life. Improved charging techniques need to be developed to protect and preserve the battery. The scope of this Special Issue is to address all the above issues by promoting innovative design concepts, modeling and state estimation techniques, charging/discharging management, and hybridization with other storage components.

History of engineering & technology --- state of charge (SOC) --- joint estimation --- lithium-ion battery --- variational Bayesian approximation --- dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) --- measurement statistic uncertainty --- electric vehicles --- renewable energy sources --- microgrid --- economic dispatching --- capacity allocation --- cooperative optimization --- SOC --- second-order RC model --- model parameter optimization --- AUKF --- small-signal modeling --- battery energy storage system --- battery management system --- control --- stability --- dynamic response --- wireless power --- state-of-charge --- electric vehicle --- LiFePO4 batteries --- state of charge (SoC) --- Butler–Volmer equation --- Arrhenius --- Peukert --- coulomb efficiency --- back propagation neural network (BPNN) --- torque and battery distribution --- particle swarm optimization --- air-cooled BTMS --- compact lithium ion battery module --- ANN --- battery electric vehicles --- battery management --- hybrid energy storage --- n/a --- Butler-Volmer equation