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Staphylococcus epidermidis --- Bacteremia --- Bacterial Typing Techniques --- Staphylococcal Infections --- Coagulase --- isolation & purification --- microbiology --- metabolism

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Microbiology --- Allergy and Immunology --- Immunity --- Infection --- Communicable Diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Microbiologie --- Immunité --- Maladies infectieuses --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Microbiology. --- Allergy and Immunology. --- Immunity. --- Infection. --- Communicable Diseases. --- Communicable diseases. --- Agriculture Sciences --- Health Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Soil Chemistry, Microbiology, Fertility & Fertilizers --- Allergy --- Immunology --- Micro and Molecular Biology --- bacteremia --- pneumonia --- vancomycin --- infection --- mycobacterium --- General microbiology

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The worldwide dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, particularly those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is a common problem to which no immediate solution is foreseen. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of antimicrobial-resistant "priority pathogens", which include a group of microorganisms with high-level resistance to multiple drugs, named ESKAPE pathogens, comprising vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA), extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These bacteria also have the ability to produce several virulence factors, which have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. Bacterial resistance and virulence are interrelated, since antibiotics pressure may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and, consequently, infection pathogenesis. Additionally, some virulence factors contribute to an increased resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential to decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine, being also relevant to address the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains.

biocide --- antibiotic resistance --- cross-resistance --- aminoglycoside --- adaptation --- biofilm --- pyruvate cycle --- mastitis --- staphylococci --- virulence factors --- genes --- antimicrobial resistance --- infant --- newborn --- bacteremia --- Gram-negative bacteria --- drug resistance --- microbial --- mortality --- microcosm --- Aeromonas --- climate change --- temperature --- pH --- water --- Acinetobacter baumannii --- virulence --- whole-genome sequencing --- international high-risk clones --- genomic epidemiology --- dogs --- Escherichia coli --- ESBL --- CTX-M-15 --- CTX-M-1 --- CTX-M-32 --- CTX-M-55 --- CTX-M-14 --- qAmpC --- CMY-2 --- camel --- domestic --- milk --- virulence genes --- extended-spectrum β-lactamases --- biofilm formation --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- carbapenem resistance --- KPC-2 --- plasmid --- diabetic foot infections --- Staphylococcus aureus --- subinhibitory concentrations --- virulence-related genes

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The worldwide dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, particularly those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is a common problem to which no immediate solution is foreseen. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of antimicrobial-resistant "priority pathogens", which include a group of microorganisms with high-level resistance to multiple drugs, named ESKAPE pathogens, comprising vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA), extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These bacteria also have the ability to produce several virulence factors, which have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. Bacterial resistance and virulence are interrelated, since antibiotics pressure may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and, consequently, infection pathogenesis. Additionally, some virulence factors contribute to an increased resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential to decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine, being also relevant to address the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- biocide --- antibiotic resistance --- cross-resistance --- aminoglycoside --- adaptation --- biofilm --- pyruvate cycle --- mastitis --- staphylococci --- virulence factors --- genes --- antimicrobial resistance --- infant --- newborn --- bacteremia --- Gram-negative bacteria --- drug resistance --- microbial --- mortality --- microcosm --- Aeromonas --- climate change --- temperature --- pH --- water --- Acinetobacter baumannii --- virulence --- whole-genome sequencing --- international high-risk clones --- genomic epidemiology --- dogs --- Escherichia coli --- ESBL --- CTX-M-15 --- CTX-M-1 --- CTX-M-32 --- CTX-M-55 --- CTX-M-14 --- qAmpC --- CMY-2 --- camel --- domestic --- milk --- virulence genes --- extended-spectrum β-lactamases --- biofilm formation --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- carbapenem resistance --- KPC-2 --- plasmid --- diabetic foot infections --- Staphylococcus aureus --- subinhibitory concentrations --- virulence-related genes --- biocide --- antibiotic resistance --- cross-resistance --- aminoglycoside --- adaptation --- biofilm --- pyruvate cycle --- mastitis --- staphylococci --- virulence factors --- genes --- antimicrobial resistance --- infant --- newborn --- bacteremia --- Gram-negative bacteria --- drug resistance --- microbial --- mortality --- microcosm --- Aeromonas --- climate change --- temperature --- pH --- water --- Acinetobacter baumannii --- virulence --- whole-genome sequencing --- international high-risk clones --- genomic epidemiology --- dogs --- Escherichia coli --- ESBL --- CTX-M-15 --- CTX-M-1 --- CTX-M-32 --- CTX-M-55 --- CTX-M-14 --- qAmpC --- CMY-2 --- camel --- domestic --- milk --- virulence genes --- extended-spectrum β-lactamases --- biofilm formation --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- carbapenem resistance --- KPC-2 --- plasmid --- diabetic foot infections --- Staphylococcus aureus --- subinhibitory concentrations --- virulence-related genes

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The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, specially those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is now a common problem being defined as one of three priorities for the safeguarding of One Health by the Tripartite Alliance, which includes the World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Office International des Epizooties (OIE). Bacteria resistance profiles, together with the expression of specific virulence markers, have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. These bacterial traits are interconnected, since not only the presence of antibiotics may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and consequently infection pathogenesis, but some virulence factors may also contribute to an increased bacterial resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential for decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine. However, the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains has not been consider until recently. This Special Issue aims to publish manuscripts that contribute to the understanding of the impact of bacterial antimicrobial resistance and virulence in the three areas of the One Health triad–i.e., animal, human and environmental health.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- MRSA --- EMRSA-15 --- MLSB --- bacteremia --- bloodstream infections --- antibiotic resistance --- aquatic contamination --- probabilistic sampling --- San Francisco Estuary --- coast --- Pseudomonas --- Shewanella algae --- Vibrio parahaemolyticus --- biocide --- Listeria monocytogenes --- biofilm --- planktonic culture --- pulsed-field gel electrophoresis --- Escherichia coli --- fosfomycin --- nitrofurantoin --- antimicrobial resistance --- antibiotic susceptibility --- WGS --- phylogenetic analysis --- DNA mismatch repair system --- Salmonella Choleraesuis --- Iberian pig --- wild boar --- phylogenetic relationship --- plasmid replicon typing --- colistin --- carcass --- cfr gene --- fexA gene --- linezolid --- mutation --- pig --- public health --- S. aureus --- avian colibacillosis --- salmonellosis --- MDR --- tetA --- nisin --- mutant prevention concentration --- mutant selection window --- antimicrobial susceptibility testing --- horizontal gene transfer --- Salmonella --- reptiles --- isolation --- biofilms --- chlorhexidine gluconate --- wounds --- Gram-negative bacteria --- colonization --- infection --- clonal lineages --- resistance genes --- virulence factors --- Staphylococcus aureus --- skin and soft-tissue infections --- plasmids --- Panton–Valentine leucocidin --- MRSA --- EMRSA-15 --- MLSB --- bacteremia --- bloodstream infections --- antibiotic resistance --- aquatic contamination --- probabilistic sampling --- San Francisco Estuary --- coast --- Pseudomonas --- Shewanella algae --- Vibrio parahaemolyticus --- biocide --- Listeria monocytogenes --- biofilm --- planktonic culture --- pulsed-field gel electrophoresis --- Escherichia coli --- fosfomycin --- nitrofurantoin --- antimicrobial resistance --- antibiotic susceptibility --- WGS --- phylogenetic analysis --- DNA mismatch repair system --- Salmonella Choleraesuis --- Iberian pig --- wild boar --- phylogenetic relationship --- plasmid replicon typing --- colistin --- carcass --- cfr gene --- fexA gene --- linezolid --- mutation --- pig --- public health --- S. aureus --- avian colibacillosis --- salmonellosis --- MDR --- tetA --- nisin --- mutant prevention concentration --- mutant selection window --- antimicrobial susceptibility testing --- horizontal gene transfer --- Salmonella --- reptiles --- isolation --- biofilms --- chlorhexidine gluconate --- wounds --- Gram-negative bacteria --- colonization --- infection --- clonal lineages --- resistance genes --- virulence factors --- Staphylococcus aureus --- skin and soft-tissue infections --- plasmids --- Panton–Valentine leucocidin