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Ce livre offre une étude exhaustive de la notion de vie et de ses implications dans la philosophie d'Arthur Schopenhauer. L'objectif consiste à jeter les bases d'une interprétation inédite de l'affirmation de la vie. Dans ses différents ouvrages, Schopenhauer propose des définitions de la vie variées, polymorphes et plurielles. Néanmoins, il est possible de reconduire toutes ces définitions à un principe métaphysique fondamental : la volonté de vivre. Dès lors, il s'agit de comprendre la vie en tant que telle et non pas uniquement les modes et degrés d'affirmation de la volonté de vivre dans le monde. Qu'est-ce qu'une vie comme volonté? C'est une vie qui se veut elle-même et qui appelle toujours déjà en soi son affirmation. De ce point de vue, les raisons de vivre encore trouvent leur justification au sein même du principe qu'incarne tout vivant : cette volonté qui ne veut que la vie. Même si la souffrance apparaît chez Schopenhauer comme le problème tragique et inévitable de toute vie face auquel seule la négation de la volonté apporte une solution efficace, du point de vue de la vie, une telle négation apparaît discutable, sinon impossible. *** Das Werk bietet eine ausführliche Studie über den Begriff des Lebens und seine Wirkung in der Philosophie Schopenhauers. Es zielt darauf ab, die bislang nicht breit diskutierte Auslegung der Bejahung des Willens bei Schopenhauer auf ein solides Fundament zu stellen. Wenngleich Schopenhauer in seiner Philosophie verschiedene Definitionen des Lebens vorstellt, besteht stets die Möglichkeit, sie alle unter einem einzigen metaphysischen Prinzip zu subsumieren: dem Willen zum Leben. Infolgedessen darf das Leben nicht nur unter dem Aspekt seiner Modalitäten oder den Stufen der Objektivation des Willens verstanden werden, sondern als ein Leben an sich. Was ist das Leben als Wille? Es ist ein Leben, das sich selbst will, das immer wieder selbst nach seiner Bejahung ruft. Unter diesem Aspekt gründen die Ursachen des Weiter-Lebens auf einem alles Lebendige verkörpernden Prinzip, ausgedrückt als der Wille, der das Leben will. Und wenn in Schopenhauers Philosophie das Leiden eine tragende Rolle als das bestimmende Problem des Lebens einnimmt und als Ausweg daraus nur die Verneinung des Lebens gelten darf, scheint aber aus der Perspektive des Lebens diese Lösung fraglich, wenn nicht gar unmöglich.

Arthur Schopenhauer --- Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung --- Leben --- Parerga und Paralipomena --- Philosoph --- Philosophische Vorlesungen --- vivre

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Histories of German philosophy in the nineteenth century typically focus on its first half-when Hegel, idealism, and Romanticism dominated. By contrast, the remainder of the century, after Hegel's death, has been relatively neglected because it has been seen as a period of stagnation and decline. But Frederick Beiser argues that the second half of the century was in fact one of the most revolutionary periods in modern philosophy because the nature of philosophy itself was up for grabs and the very absence of certainty led to creativity and the start of a new era. In this innovative concise history of German philosophy from 1840 to 1900, Beiser focuses not on themes or individual thinkers but rather on the period's five great debates: the identity crisis of philosophy, the materialism controversy, the methods and limits of history, the pessimism controversy, and the Ignorabimusstreit. Schopenhauer and Wilhelm Dilthey play important roles in these controversies but so do many neglected figures, including Ludwig Büchner, Eugen Dühring, Eduard von Hartmann, Julius Fraunstaedt, Hermann Lotze, Adolf Trendelenburg, and two women, Agnes Taubert and Olga Pluemacher, who have been completely forgotten in histories of philosophy. The result is a wide-ranging, original, and surprising new account of German philosophy in the critical period between Hegel and the twentieth century.

Philosophy, German --- Adolf Trendelenburg. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Clio. --- Eduard von Hartmann. --- Emil Du Bois-Reymond. --- Eugen Dhring. --- German philosophy. --- Hegel. --- Ludwig Bchner. --- Pessimismusstreit. --- Philosophie des Unbewussten. --- Romanticism. --- Wilhelm Dilthey. --- autonomy. --- consciousness. --- faith. --- history. --- idealism. --- materialism controversy. --- materialism. --- matter. --- metaphysics. --- mind. --- modern natural science. --- modern philosophy. --- neo-Kantian ideal. --- nineteenth century. --- objectivity. --- pessimism. --- philosophia perennis. --- positivism. --- realism. --- reason. --- science. --- scientific knowledge. --- scientific materialism. --- worldview.

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The most extensive English-language study of Schopenhauer's metaphysics of the will yet published, this book represents a major contribution to Schopenhauer scholarship. Here, John E. Atwell critically but sympathetically examines the philosopher's main work, The World as Will and Representation, demonstrating that the philosophical system it puts forth does constitute a consistent whole. The author holds that this system is centered on a single thought, "The world is self-knowledge of the will." He then traces this unifying concept through the four books of The World as Will and Representation, and, in the process, dissolves the work's alleged inconsistencies.

Will. --- Will --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Cetanā --- Conation --- Volition --- Ethics --- Psychology --- Self --- Schopenhauer, Arthur, --- Shūpinhawar, Artūr, --- Шопенгауэр, Артур, --- Shopengauėr, Artur, --- Shu-pen-hua, --- Sopenaouer, --- Schopenhauer, Arturo, --- Schopenhauer, A. --- Schopenhauer, Artur, --- Шопенгауер, Артур, --- Shūpinhāvir, Ārtūr, --- Suʼu-pun-her, --- שאפענהויער, ארטור --- שאפענהויער, ארטור, --- שופנהאואר, ארתור, --- שופנהאואר, --- שופנהואר, ארתור --- ‏شوپنهاور، آرتور --- شوپنهاور، أرثر --- شوپنهور، أرثر --- 叔本华, --- 叔本華, --- 19th century german philosophy. --- abstract concepts. --- aesthetics. --- alleged inconsistencies. --- arthur schopenhauer. --- asceticism. --- atheistic metaphysical system. --- being. --- eastern thought. --- epistemology. --- ethical system. --- ethics. --- existence. --- german philosopher. --- identity. --- knowing. --- metaphysical will. --- ontology. --- phenomenal world. --- philosophical pessimism. --- philosophy. --- principle of things. --- representation. --- self knowledge. --- space. --- the world as will and representation. --- time. --- transcendental idealism. --- translated work. --- world as appearance.

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Melancholy is not only about sadness, despair, and loss. As Renaissance artists and philosophers acknowledged long ago, it can engender a certain kind of creativity born from a deep awareness of the mutability of life and the inevitable cycle of birth and death. Drawing on psychoanalysis, philosophy, and the intellectual history of the history of art, The Melancholy Art explores the unique connections between melancholy and the art historian's craft. Though the objects art historians study are materially present in our world, the worlds from which they come are forever lost to time. In this eloquent and inspiring book, Michael Ann Holly traces how this disjunction courses through the history of art and shows how it can give rise to melancholic sentiments in historians who write about art. She confronts pivotal and vexing questions in her discipline: Why do art historians write in the first place? What kinds of psychic exchanges occur between art objects and those who write about them? What institutional and personal needs does art history serve? What is lost in historical writing about art? The Melancholy Art looks at how melancholy suffuses the work of some of the twentieth century's most powerful and poetic writers on the history of art, including Alois Riegl, Franz Wickhoff, Adrian Stokes, Michael Baxandall, Meyer Schapiro, and Jacques Derrida. A disarmingly personal meditation by one of our most distinguished art historians, this book explains why to write about art is to share in a kind of intertwined pleasure and loss that is the very essence of melancholy. Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.

Art --- History as a science --- Affective and dynamic functions --- Melancholy. --- Mélancolie --- Historiography. --- Historiographie --- Melancholy --- Historiography --- Art - Historiography. --- Visual Arts --- Art, Architecture & Applied Arts --- Visual Arts - General --- Mélancolie --- Dejection --- Emotions --- Depression, Mental --- Sadness --- Art - Historiography --- Aby Warburg. --- Aestheticism. --- Aesthetics. --- Allegory. --- Alois Riegl. --- Anachronism. --- Analytic confidence. --- Ancient art. --- Aphorism. --- Art criticism. --- Art history. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Artistic merit. --- Ben Nicholson. --- Bernard Berenson. --- Bernard Bosanquet (philosopher). --- Beyond the Pleasure Principle. --- Caspar David Friedrich. --- Christopher Bollas. --- Classicism. --- Connoisseur. --- Consciousness. --- Contemporary art. --- Criticism. --- Critique of Judgment. --- Death drive. --- Deconstruction. --- Ernst Gombrich. --- Erwin Panofsky. --- Explanation. --- Fra Angelico. --- Friedrich Nietzsche. --- Fritz Saxl. --- Garry Wills. --- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. --- George Steiner. --- Giovanni Morelli. --- Hannah Arendt. --- Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht. --- Hayden White. --- Iconography. --- Illusionism (art). --- Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. --- Jacques Derrida. --- Jacques Lacan. --- Jacques-Alain Miller. --- James Strachey. --- Jan van Eyck. --- Johann Joachim Winckelmann. --- Josef Strzygowski. --- Julia Kristeva. --- Linguistic turn. --- Literary theory. --- Marion Milner. --- Marsilio Ficino. --- Martin Heidegger. --- Maurice Blanchot. --- Melanie Klein. --- Metahistory. --- Metonymy. --- Meyer Schapiro. --- Michael Baxandall. --- Minima Moralia. --- Modernism. --- Modernity. --- Museum. --- Oceanic feeling. --- Oskar Kokoschka. --- Overpainting. --- Paul de Man. --- Petrarch. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy. --- Positivism. --- Post-structuralism. --- Postmodernism. --- Psychoanalysis. --- Putto. --- Rainer Maria Rilke. --- Renaissance art. --- Rhetoric. --- Richard Wollheim. --- Romanticism. --- Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata (van Eyck). --- Sandro Botticelli. --- Simone Martini. --- Svetlana Alpers. --- The Art of Memory. --- The Gaze of Orpheus. --- The Origin of German Tragic Drama. --- The Philosopher. --- Theses on the Philosophy of History. --- Thought. --- Tintoretto. --- Unthought known. --- W. G. Sebald. --- Walter Benjamin. --- Walter Pater. --- Work of art. --- Writing.

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This collection introduces readers to some of the most respected Pre-Socratic scholarship of the twentieth century. It includes translations of important works from European scholars that were previously unavailable in English and incorporates the major topics and approaches of contemporary scholarship. Here is an essential book for students and scholars alike. "Students of the Pre-Socratics must be grateful to Mourelatos and his publishers for making these essays available to a wider public."--T. H. Irwin, American Journal of Philology "Mourelatos is a superb editor, and teaching Pre-Socratics in the future with this collection on the reading list will not only be easier but also better."--Jorgen Mejer, The Classical World "The editor has done his work judiciously. It would be difficult to devise a better balance between different parts of the subject."--Edward Hussey, Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences "[This book] will undoubtedly become an indispensable aid for beginning and advanced students of the Pre-Socratics."--David E. Hahm, IsisOriginally published in 1994.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Philosophy, Ancient --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- History of philosophy --- Antiquity --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Academic skepticism. --- Ad hoc hypothesis. --- Agnosticism. --- Ambiguity. --- Anaxagoras. --- Anaximander. --- Anaximenes. --- Anthropomorphism. --- Antinomy. --- Aphorism. --- Apologue. --- Aristotle. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Astral body. --- Atomism. --- Callicles. --- Classical element. --- Concept. --- Consciousness. --- Contradiction. --- Conventionalism. --- Critique. --- Democritus. --- Deprecation. --- Dialectician. --- Divine law. --- Dualism (philosophy of mind). --- Dualism. --- Empedocles. --- Empiricism. --- Eristic. --- Etymology. --- Existence. --- Explanation. --- Family resemblance. --- First principle. --- Form of life (philosophy). --- Formal fallacy. --- Good and evil. --- Heraclitus of Ephesus. --- Hippasus. --- Historicism. --- Idealism. --- Identity of indiscernibles. --- Infinite regress. --- Leucippus. --- Leveling (philosophy). --- Logical extreme. --- Logical reasoning. --- Logos. --- Lucretius. --- Magna Moralia. --- Materialism. --- Middle term. --- Modern physics. --- Moral relativism. --- Multitude. --- Mutatis mutandis. --- Mythopoeic thought. --- Naturalness (physics). --- Neoplatonism. --- Noema. --- Nous. --- Ontology. --- Paradox. --- Parmenides. --- Perspectivism. --- Philolaus. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy. --- Physics (Aristotle). --- Plato. --- Positivism. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Principle of sufficient reason. --- Pseudoscience. --- Pyrrhonism. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Relativism. --- Religion. --- Sophistication. --- Subjectivism. --- Superiority (short story). --- The Concept of Mind. --- The Philosopher. --- The Soul of the World. --- Themistius. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Truism. --- Unconscious inference. --- Unity of opposites. --- Verisimilitude. --- Wesley C. Salmon. --- Xenophanes. --- Zeno of Elea. --- Zeno's paradoxes.