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"The gaze, understood as a way of looking at others that involves contemplation and the operation of power, has an extensive history of iterations such as the male gaze (Mulvey), the oppositional gaze (hooks), and the post-colonial gaze (Said). This essay collection develops a supplemental theory of what Muriel Cormican has coined the "tender gaze" and traces its occurrence in German film, theater, and literature. More than qualifying the primarily voyeuristic, narcissistic, and sexist impetus of the male gaze, the tender gaze also allows for a differentiated understanding of the role identification plays in reception, and it highlights various means of eliciting a sociopolitical critique in works of art. Emphasizing the humanizing potential of the tender gaze, the contributors argue that far from simply exciting emotional contagion, affect in art promotes an altruistic, rational, and fundamentally ethical relationship to the other. The tender gaze elucidates how perspective-taking operates in art to foster empathy and prosocial behaviors. Though the contributors identify instances of the tender gaze in artistic production since the early nineteenth century, they focus on its pervasiveness in contemporary works, corresponding to twenty-first-century concerns with implicit bias and racism"--

Affect (Psychology) in literature. --- Affect (Psychology) in motion pictures. --- Arts and society --- History --- Arts --- Arts and sociology --- Society and the arts --- Sociology and the arts --- Motion pictures --- Social aspects --- Art Analysis. --- Art and Emotion. --- Compassionate Encounters. --- Contemporary Art. --- Empathy. --- German Literature. --- German Screen. --- German Theater. --- Humanizing Potential. --- Perspective-Taking. --- Prosocial Behaviors. --- Sociopolitical Critique. --- Tender Gaze. --- Gaze in art.

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Performance art and Los Angeles, two subjects spectacularly resistant to definitions, illuminate each other in this searching study by Meiling Cheng. A marginal artistic pursuit by choice as well as necessity, performance art has flourished in and about "multicentric" Los Angeles for nearly four decades, finding its own centers of activity, moving and changing as the margins have reconstituted themselves. The notion of multicentricity serves, somewhat paradoxically, as the unifying motif in Cheng's imaginative views of center and periphery, self and other, and "mainstream" and "marginal" cultures. She analyzes individual artists and performances in detail, bringing her own "center" gracefully and unmistakably into contact with all those others. Without suggesting that her approach is definitive, she offers a way of thinking and talking coherently about particularly elusive, ephemeral artwork. Cheng describes performance art as "an intermedia visual art form that uses theatrical elements in presentation." Performance art, which uses the living body as its central medium, occurs only "here" and only "now." Because it is intentionally volatile, highly adaptable, and often site-specific, with emphasis on audience interaction, context is inseparable from the work itself. When Cheng writes about Suzanne Lacy or Tim Miller, Johanna Went or Oguri and Renzoku, Sacred Naked Nature Girls or osseus labyrint, she is conscious of her role in extending their creative expression. As members of the "virtual audience," readers and viewers of other documentation concerning performance art are arrayed outside the center represented by a given artist and the circle represented by the immediate witnesses to a performance, but all may entertain what Cheng calls a conceptual ownership of the work. A person who reads about a performance, she says, may feel more affected by this virtual encounter than a person who has seen it live, and may reimagine it as a "prosthetic performance." Cheng's writing draws us into the many centers where a vibrant contemporary art phenomenon and a fascinating urban environment interact. Published in association with the Southern California Studies Center at the University of Southern California

Performance art --- Arts, Modern --- Happenings (Art) --- Performing arts --- Theatrical science --- Los Angeles [California] --- art analysis. --- art criticism. --- art critics. --- art historians. --- art phenomena. --- art students. --- art theater. --- art. --- artists. --- audience interaction. --- conceptual. --- contemporary art. --- creative expression. --- johanna went. --- live entertainment. --- los angeles. --- modern art. --- multicentric art. --- nonfiction study. --- oguri. --- osseus labyrint. --- performance art. --- political. --- regional art. --- renzoku. --- sacred naked nature girls. --- students and teachers. --- suzanne lacy. --- tim miller. --- urban environment. --- visual art.