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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Medicine --- Veterinary medicine --- human-animal bond --- human-animal interaction (HAI) --- human-animal relationships --- child development --- animal assisted intervention --- animal assisted activities

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This Special Issue highlights the most recent research on depression, anxiety and dementia, with attention to comorbidity in a range of diseases. The symptoms of depression, anxiety and dementia are the most common comorbid manifestations present in patients suffering from neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Together, these illnesses constitute an extremely complex and challenging research field due to their inherent multifactorial causative factors, heterogeneous pathogenesis, and mental and behavioral manifestations. This Special Issue covers laboratory, clinical and statistical studies on the crosstalk between depression, anxiety, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, diabetes mellitus, Down’s syndrome, and/or compulsive disorders. It contains contributions from 71 authors, has been reviewed by 25 referees, and edited by three academic editors and one managing editor.

Medicine --- Clinical & internal medicine --- dementia --- behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- animal-assisted intervention --- pet-robot intervention --- G protein-coupled receptors --- GPR120 --- FFAR4 --- schizophrenia --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- long-chain fatty acids --- omega-3 --- nutritional psychiatry --- Alzheimer’s disease --- psychiatric disease --- depression --- anxiety --- Down’s syndrome --- inositol --- nutraceutical --- insulin signaling --- antioxidant --- aging --- psilocybin --- clinical trials --- oxidative stress --- redox --- multiple sclerosis --- biomarker --- neurodegenerative disease --- personalized medicine --- major depressive disorder --- longitudinal study --- LC-MS/MS --- plasma protein biomarker --- drug response monitoring --- multiple reaction monitoring --- diabetes mellitus --- type 2 --- dyslipidemias --- hypertension --- post-stroke depression --- disability level --- mortality --- late-life depression --- neuroimaging --- resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging --- default mode network --- executive control network --- salience network --- healthy life expectancy (HALE) --- morbidity/mortality paradox --- cognition --- systolic blood pressure --- cerebral blood flow --- arterial properties --- angiogenesis --- gender medicine --- neurodegenerative disorders --- kisspeptin --- locomotion --- Kiss1 receptor --- HPA axis --- HPG axis --- nucleus accumbens --- stroke --- lipid --- diabetes

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This Special Issue highlights the most recent research on depression, anxiety and dementia, with attention to comorbidity in a range of diseases. The symptoms of depression, anxiety and dementia are the most common comorbid manifestations present in patients suffering from neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Together, these illnesses constitute an extremely complex and challenging research field due to their inherent multifactorial causative factors, heterogeneous pathogenesis, and mental and behavioral manifestations. This Special Issue covers laboratory, clinical and statistical studies on the crosstalk between depression, anxiety, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, diabetes mellitus, Down’s syndrome, and/or compulsive disorders. It contains contributions from 71 authors, has been reviewed by 25 referees, and edited by three academic editors and one managing editor.

dementia --- behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- animal-assisted intervention --- pet-robot intervention --- G protein-coupled receptors --- GPR120 --- FFAR4 --- schizophrenia --- polyunsaturated fatty acids --- long-chain fatty acids --- omega-3 --- nutritional psychiatry --- Alzheimer’s disease --- psychiatric disease --- depression --- anxiety --- Down’s syndrome --- inositol --- nutraceutical --- insulin signaling --- antioxidant --- aging --- psilocybin --- clinical trials --- oxidative stress --- redox --- multiple sclerosis --- biomarker --- neurodegenerative disease --- personalized medicine --- major depressive disorder --- longitudinal study --- LC-MS/MS --- plasma protein biomarker --- drug response monitoring --- multiple reaction monitoring --- diabetes mellitus --- type 2 --- dyslipidemias --- hypertension --- post-stroke depression --- disability level --- mortality --- late-life depression --- neuroimaging --- resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging --- default mode network --- executive control network --- salience network --- healthy life expectancy (HALE) --- morbidity/mortality paradox --- cognition --- systolic blood pressure --- cerebral blood flow --- arterial properties --- angiogenesis --- gender medicine --- neurodegenerative disorders --- kisspeptin --- locomotion --- Kiss1 receptor --- HPA axis --- HPG axis --- nucleus accumbens --- stroke --- lipid --- diabetes

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The relationship between domestic dogs and humans represents a unique example of an interspecific relationship. For this and other reasons, there has been a substantial increase in research on dogs. This Special Issue entitled “Dog Behaviour, Physiology and Welfare” collects important information ranging from basic to applied ethology, dealing with canine endocrinology (prolactin, vasopressin, thyroid hormones), physiology (visual perception), welfare (in shelters and zoos), as well as the context of working dogs (service dogs, co-therapist dogs, herding dogs) and the dog–wolf comparison. All the papers are open access and can be read at https://www.mdpi.com/journal/animals/special_issues/Dog_Behavior

Medicine --- dog --- canine welfare --- canine cruelty --- neglect --- RSPCA --- age --- zoo --- wolf behaviour --- animal welfare --- visitor --- conservation --- education --- breed --- blood --- dogs --- prolactin --- saliva --- stress --- herding --- livestock --- working dog --- survey --- traits --- boldness --- behavioral test --- impulsivity --- sex differences --- learning --- validation --- children --- Autism Spectrum Disorders --- cognition --- reading-to-dog programme --- guide dog --- dietary protein/fat ratio --- training --- thyroid hormones --- lipid panel --- biological motion --- point-light display --- visual perception --- experience --- dog ownership --- dog walking --- physical activity --- accelerometry --- psychosocial well-being --- prospective trial --- animal-assisted intervention --- dog rescue --- foster dog --- shelter dog --- behaviour --- cortisol --- male --- shelter --- Spanish Greyhound --- animal cruelty --- socioeconomic --- problems --- assessment --- canines --- shelters --- predict --- social tolerance --- social attentiveness --- reconciliation --- consolation --- appeasement --- play fighting --- leverage --- behavioural plasticity --- Canis lupus lupus --- behavior --- alloparental care --- puppies --- breeders --- separation distress disorder --- vasopressin --- oxytocin --- anxiety --- disaster --- preparedness --- puppy raiser --- service dogs --- working dogs

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Regular physical activity (PA) is both a preventive measure and a cure for non-communicable diseases. Moreover, PA improves mental health, quality of life, and well-being. Conversely, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have negative impacts on individuals, families, and society, as evidenced in particular by the spread of the obesity epidemic. PA has proven to be a low-cost alternative for the treatment and prevention of disease. Therefore, interventions to prevent avoidable diseases by increasing the proportion of physically active people are fundamental. The Special Issue “Physical Activity, Wellness and Health: Challenges, Benefits and Strategies” was collected research articles on anthropometric determinants of health and performance, PA and healthy habits, exercise and diet, exercise and body composition, interventions to promote PA for people of all ages, strategies for the implementation of an active life, and the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic syndrome. A total of 20 articles were published, falling mainly into the following three areas: anthropometry, health, and sport; health benefits of exercise; population studies and strategies for an active life. All of the studies support strategies to promote PA and reduce sedentary behavior among adolescents, adults and the elderly. There is no doubt that regular exercise is beneficial to health, but the general population should be encouraged to engage in more of it.

Research & information: general --- handgrip strength --- anthropometry --- handedness --- body composition --- physical activity --- sports practice --- breast cancer --- bioimpedance --- adolescent --- adolescent health --- exercise --- health surveillance --- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia --- National Fitness Programs --- per capita area --- school sports facilities --- urban parks --- rural sports venues --- depression --- mortality --- cardiovascular diseases --- cardiovascular risk factors --- public health --- aging --- dose-response --- cardiorespiratory fitness --- agility test --- executive function --- strength --- older adults --- cardiovascular disease --- healthy ageing --- Ingwavuma --- KwaZulu-Natal --- modifiable behaviour --- rural --- South Africa --- medical diagnostic --- decision tree --- logistic regression --- machine learning --- adolescents --- students --- goal orientation --- emotional intelligence --- burnout --- multiple sclerosis --- accelerometer --- gender differences --- fitness --- foresight --- delphi study --- Europe --- healthy eating intention --- physical activity intention --- emotions --- aversive state --- reinforcement --- social support --- self-concept --- health utility --- quality of life --- rehabilitation --- stroke --- sleep quality --- perceived stress --- mediating effect --- Chinese college students --- dog walking --- health behavior change --- stealth health --- pet ownership --- human–animal interaction --- animal-assisted intervention --- targeted learning --- youth athletes --- soccer --- injury --- overuse --- maturation --- exercise participation --- physical self-concept --- self-esteem --- mental well-being --- mobile phone addiction --- procrastination --- college students --- China --- pandemic --- coronavirus --- physical exercise --- general health --- biopsychosocial model of health --- life course perspective --- university students --- multivariate analysis --- wellbeing --- n/a --- human-animal interaction