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Following the fundamental insights from quantum mechanics and general relativity, geometry itself should have a quantum description; the search for a complete understanding of this description is what drives the field of quantum gravity. Group field theory is an ambitious framework in which theories of quantum geometry are formulated, incorporating successful ideas from the fields of matrix models, ten-sor models, spin foam models and loop quantum gravity, as well as from the broader areas of quantum field theory and mathematical physics. This special issue collects recent work in group field theory and these related approaches, as well as other neighbouring fields (e.g., cosmology, quantum information and quantum foundations, statistical physics) to the extent that these are directly relevant to quantum gravity research.

quantum-gravity phenomenology --- hypersurface deformation algebra --- loop quantum gravity --- black holes --- no-boundary proposal --- loop quantum cosmology --- LQC instanton --- quantum gravity --- computer simulations --- numerical methods --- renormalization group --- discrete quantum gravity models --- nonperturbative renormalization group --- random geometry --- mimetic gravity --- limiting curvature --- bouncing cosmology --- effective field theory --- quantum geometry --- quantum cosmology --- group field theory --- cosmological perturbation theory --- Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant --- Bogoliubov transformation --- adiabatic vacua --- Spin networks --- vertex amplitudes --- quantum computing --- background independence --- generalised statistical equilibrium --- entropy --- holographic entanglement --- random tensor networks --- quantum many-body physics

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The global financial crisis highlighted the impact on macroeconomic outcomes of recurrent events like business and financial cycles, highs and lows in volatility, and crashes and recessions. At the most basic level, such recurrent events can be summarized using binary indicators showing if the event will occur or not. These indicators are constructed either directly from data or indirectly through models. Because they are constructed, they have different properties than those arising in microeconometrics, and how one is to use them depends a lot on the method of construction.This book presents the econometric methods necessary for the successful modeling of recurrent events, providing valuable insights for policymakers, empirical researchers, and theorists. It explains why it is inherently difficult to forecast the onset of a recession in a way that provides useful guidance for active stabilization policy, with the consequence that policymakers should place more emphasis on making the economy robust to recessions. The book offers a range of econometric tools and techniques that researchers can use to measure recurrent events, summarize their properties, and evaluate how effectively economic and statistical models capture them. These methods also offer insights for developing models that are consistent with observed financial and real cycles.This book is an essential resource for students, academics, and researchers at central banks and institutions such as the International Monetary Fund.

E-books --- Economics --- Statistical methods --- Economic statistics --- Econometrics --- Statistical methods. --- Macroeconomics --- Econometrics. --- Econometric models. --- Business cycles --- Mathematical models. --- Economics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Mathematical models --- Markov switching models. --- amplitudes. --- binary states. --- bivariate series. --- business cycles. --- contraction. --- cycles financial series. --- cycles. --- dating cycles. --- dating. --- durations. --- economic activity. --- economic models. --- economic recessions. --- economy. --- event indicators. --- expansion. --- financial cycles. --- financial shocks. --- fluctuation. --- global financial crisis. --- linear autoregression. --- macroeconomy. --- microeconometrics. --- model-based rules. --- multiple series. --- oscillation. --- peaks. --- policymakers. --- prediction. --- recession. --- recurrent events. --- recurrent states. --- regression. --- statistics. --- synchronization. --- time series. --- time. --- troughs. --- univariate series. --- volatility.

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This book is a compilation of works covering applied mathematical methods and their applications in complex engineering problems. The methods covered in this book include modeling and simulation, computation, analysis, control, optimization, data science, and machine learning. The engineering application topics include but are not limited to environmental engineering, cybersecurity, transportation, agriculture, smart grid, and next-generation manufacturing.

History of engineering & technology --- Phoronomics --- mechanics --- kinetics --- kinematics --- direction cosines --- Euler angles --- space dynamics --- digital computation --- control systems --- control engineering --- industrial cyber-physical systems --- cyber-attacks --- neural network --- model predictive control --- nonlinear chemical processes --- network classification --- network evolution --- network symmetries --- Green’s symmetry problem --- network invariants --- network internal dynamics --- symmetry ensembles --- propensities --- energy --- opening capability --- security --- smart grid --- group signature --- anonymous signature --- autonomous vehicle --- target detection --- multi-sensors --- fusion --- YOLO --- linear response eigenvalue problem --- block methods --- weighted Golub-Kahan-Lanczos algorithm --- convergence analysis --- thick restart --- mining vibrating screen --- theoretical rigid body model --- spring failures diagnosis --- amplitudes change --- real-time optimization --- nonlinear processes --- process control --- chemical reactor control --- distillation column control --- energy-based control --- payload swing attenuation --- linear matrix inequalities --- quadrotor --- larger Lipschitz constants --- comparative advantage --- transaction cost --- specialized production --- infra-marginal model --- agricultural division of labor --- velocity-slip --- temperature-jump --- homotopy analysis method --- nanofluids --- power-law fluids --- state estimation --- parameter estimation --- moving horizon estimation --- extended kalman filter --- ensemble kalman filter --- richards equation --- agro-hydrological systems --- economic model predictive control --- chemical processes --- responsive control --- artificial intelligence --- interpretability --- controller verification --- seashore soft soil --- cement --- sulfuric acid erosion --- stress–strain behavior --- mathematical model --- Micro Grid --- optimization theory --- optimization --- MATLAB simulation

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Recent trends in vehicle engineering are testament to the great efforts that scientists and industries have made to seek solutions to enhance both the performance and safety of vehicular systems. This Special Issue aims to contribute to the study of modern vehicle dynamics, attracting recent experimental and in-simulation advances that are the basis for current technological growth and future mobility. The area involves research, studies, and projects derived from vehicle dynamics that aim to enhance vehicle performance in terms of handling, comfort, and adherence, and to examine safety optimization in the emerging contexts of smart, connected, and autonomous driving.This Special Issue focuses on new findings in the following topics:(1) Experimental and modelling activities that aim to investigate interaction phenomena from the macroscale, analyzing vehicle data, to the microscale, accounting for local contact mechanics; (2) Control strategies focused on vehicle performance enhancement, in terms of handling/grip, comfort and safety for passengers, motorsports, and future mobility scenarios; (3) Innovative technologies to improve the safety and performance of the vehicle and its subsystems; (4) Identification of vehicle and tire/wheel model parameters and status with innovative methodologies and algorithms; (5) Implementation of real-time software, logics, and models in onboard architectures and driving simulators; (6) Studies and analyses oriented toward the correlation among the factors affecting vehicle performance and safety; (7) Application use cases in road and off-road vehicles, e-bikes, motorcycles, buses, trucks, etc.

tire model parameters identification --- artificial neural networks --- curve fitting --- Pacejka’s magic formula --- intelligent vehicles --- autonomous vehicles --- microscopic traffic simulation --- autonomous driving --- friction estimate --- tire-based control --- ADAS --- potential friction --- energy consumption and recovery --- transmission layouts --- fuel-cell electric vehicles --- adhesion enhancement --- dimple model --- patterned surfaces --- viscoelasticity --- enhancement --- articulated vehicles --- stability analysis --- nonlinear dynamic model --- snake instability --- eigenvalue analysis --- central control --- non-linear model-based predictive control --- pitch behavior --- predictive control --- roll behavior --- self-steering behavior --- vehicle dynamics --- viscoelastic modulus --- rubber --- friction --- empirical modeling --- autonomous emergency steering --- multi-input multi-output model predictive control --- actuator dynamics --- control allocation --- handling enhancement --- road friction --- wear --- tyre --- suspension --- semi-active --- handling --- comfort --- optimisation --- directional stability --- road profile --- road unevenness --- vehicle-road interaction --- vertical vehicle excitation --- tire models --- tire tread --- motorcycle --- rider --- screw axis --- weave --- wobble --- multibody --- gravel pavement --- roughness --- straightedge --- power spectral density --- international roughness index --- vehicle response --- driving comfort --- sky-hook --- in-wheel motor --- semi-active suspension --- quarter-car model --- suspension performance --- suspension test bench --- vehicle stability --- road models --- quarter car models --- limit cycles --- acceleration speed portraits --- speed oscillations --- velocity bifurcations --- noisy limit cycles --- limit flows of trajectories --- Sommerfeld effects --- differential-algebraic systems --- polar coordinates of roads --- covariance equations --- stability in mean --- supercritical speeds --- analytical travel speed amplitudes --- Floquet theory applied to limit cycles --- non-pneumatic tire --- finite element analysis --- steady state analysis --- tire characterization --- footprint --- contact patch --- longitudinal interaction --- n/a --- Pacejka's magic formula

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Recent trends in vehicle engineering are testament to the great efforts that scientists and industries have made to seek solutions to enhance both the performance and safety of vehicular systems. This Special Issue aims to contribute to the study of modern vehicle dynamics, attracting recent experimental and in-simulation advances that are the basis for current technological growth and future mobility. The area involves research, studies, and projects derived from vehicle dynamics that aim to enhance vehicle performance in terms of handling, comfort, and adherence, and to examine safety optimization in the emerging contexts of smart, connected, and autonomous driving.This Special Issue focuses on new findings in the following topics:(1) Experimental and modelling activities that aim to investigate interaction phenomena from the macroscale, analyzing vehicle data, to the microscale, accounting for local contact mechanics; (2) Control strategies focused on vehicle performance enhancement, in terms of handling/grip, comfort and safety for passengers, motorsports, and future mobility scenarios; (3) Innovative technologies to improve the safety and performance of the vehicle and its subsystems; (4) Identification of vehicle and tire/wheel model parameters and status with innovative methodologies and algorithms; (5) Implementation of real-time software, logics, and models in onboard architectures and driving simulators; (6) Studies and analyses oriented toward the correlation among the factors affecting vehicle performance and safety; (7) Application use cases in road and off-road vehicles, e-bikes, motorcycles, buses, trucks, etc.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- tire model parameters identification --- artificial neural networks --- curve fitting --- Pacejka's magic formula --- intelligent vehicles --- autonomous vehicles --- microscopic traffic simulation --- autonomous driving --- friction estimate --- tire-based control --- ADAS --- potential friction --- energy consumption and recovery --- transmission layouts --- fuel-cell electric vehicles --- adhesion enhancement --- dimple model --- patterned surfaces --- viscoelasticity --- enhancement --- articulated vehicles --- stability analysis --- nonlinear dynamic model --- snake instability --- eigenvalue analysis --- central control --- non-linear model-based predictive control --- pitch behavior --- predictive control --- roll behavior --- self-steering behavior --- vehicle dynamics --- viscoelastic modulus --- rubber --- friction --- empirical modeling --- autonomous emergency steering --- multi-input multi-output model predictive control --- actuator dynamics --- control allocation --- handling enhancement --- road friction --- wear --- tyre --- suspension --- semi-active --- handling --- comfort --- optimisation --- directional stability --- road profile --- road unevenness --- vehicle-road interaction --- vertical vehicle excitation --- tire models --- tire tread --- motorcycle --- rider --- screw axis --- weave --- wobble --- multibody --- gravel pavement --- roughness --- straightedge --- power spectral density --- international roughness index --- vehicle response --- driving comfort --- sky-hook --- in-wheel motor --- semi-active suspension --- quarter-car model --- suspension performance --- suspension test bench --- vehicle stability --- road models --- quarter car models --- limit cycles --- acceleration speed portraits --- speed oscillations --- velocity bifurcations --- noisy limit cycles --- limit flows of trajectories --- Sommerfeld effects --- differential-algebraic systems --- polar coordinates of roads --- covariance equations --- stability in mean --- supercritical speeds --- analytical travel speed amplitudes --- Floquet theory applied to limit cycles --- non-pneumatic tire --- finite element analysis --- steady state analysis --- tire characterization --- footprint --- contact patch --- longitudinal interaction