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PacBio’s single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology offers important advantages over the short-read DNA sequencing technologies that currently dominate the market. This includes exceptionally long read lengths (20 kb or more), unparalleled consensus accuracy, and the ability to sequence native, non-amplified DNA molecules. From fungi to insects to humans, long reads are now used to create highly accurate reference genomes by de novo assembly of genomic DNA and to obtain a comprehensive view of transcriptomes through the sequencing of full-length cDNAs. Besides reducing biases, sequencing native DNA also permits the direct measurement of DNA base modifications. Therefore, SMRT sequencing has become an attractive technology in many fields, such as agriculture, basic science, and medical research. The boundaries of SMRT sequencing are continuously being pushed by developments in bioinformatics and sample preparation. This book contains a collection of articles showcasing the latest developments and the breadth of applications enabled by SMRT sequencing technology.

n/a --- Cladobotryum protrusum --- allele-specific analysis --- low-input DNA --- full length RNAseq --- de novo genome assembly --- de novo assembly --- human reference genome --- Tricoplusia ni --- PacBio single molecule real-time sequencing --- secondary metabolite --- protein isoforms --- bone marrow cell subpopulations --- DNA methylation --- mycoparasite --- human whole-genome sequencing --- GRCh38 --- SMRT sequencing --- cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) --- mRNA isoforms --- next generation sequencing --- cobweb disease --- Swedish population --- mosquito --- long-read SMRT sequencing --- whole genome sequencing --- terpenoid --- insect genome --- optical mapping --- Gloeostereum incarnatum --- population sequencing --- statistical methods --- gene expression --- single molecule real-time sequencing --- PacBio

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Experimental approaches to evolution provide indisputable evidence of evolution by directly observing the process at work. Experimental evolution deliberately duplicates evolutionary processes-forcing life histories to evolve, producing adaptations to stressful environmental conditions, and generating lineage splitting to create incipient species. This unique volume summarizes studies in experimental evolution, outlining current techniques and applications, and presenting the field's full range of research-from selection in the laboratory to the manipulation of populations in the wild. It provides work on such key biological problems as the evolution of Darwinian fitness, sexual reproduction, life history, athletic performance, and learning.

Animal breeding --- Evolution (Biology) --- Natural selection --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Phylogeny --- Selection, Natural --- Genetics --- Variation (Biology) --- Biological invasions --- Heredity --- Domestic animals --- Breeding --- Experiments. --- Research. --- adaptation. --- allele. --- athletic performance. --- biology. --- charles darwin. --- controlled field manipulations. --- darwinian fitness. --- ecology. --- environmental conditions. --- evolution. --- evolutionary dynamics. --- evolve. --- experimental approaches. --- experimental evolution. --- gene flow. --- genetic drift. --- genetic variation. --- incipient species. --- laboratory experiments. --- learning. --- life history. --- lineage splitting. --- mutation. --- natural selection. --- phenomenon. --- populations in the wild. --- sexual reproduction. --- theoretical.

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The impacts of climate change on crop production are already a reality in Europe and across the rest of the world. In order to mitigate these impacts, access to unexploited genetic crop diversity for the production of new varieties that can thrive in more extreme environmental conditions is of prime importance. Herein, genetic diversity should provide the raw materials for breeding and plant improvements. Despite the vast pool of resources that exist, much of the germplasm richness found in gene banks is poorly documented. To overcome the barriers between germplasm conservation and use, a complete evaluation is necessary to determine the useful diversity they contain.This Special Issue focuses on “Old Germplasm for New Needs: Managing Crop Genetic Resources”. We gathered novel research, reviews, and opinion pieces covering all related topics, including germplasm evaluation, crop genetics and improvements, novel crops, phenotyping, physiological responses of inbred lines, management solutions, modeling, case studies from the field, and policy positions.

aromatic rice --- local variety --- gelatinization temperature --- badh2-E7 allele --- population structure --- Criollo cacao --- microsatellites --- genetic purity --- Central America --- Axiom 35K Wheat Breeders array --- genetic diversity --- wheat genotyping --- Solanum lycopersicum --- agro-biodiversity --- crops --- breeding --- DNA markers --- black soybean --- green cotyledon --- anthocyanin --- chlorophyll --- Lactuca sativa L. --- crisphead --- oak-leaf --- root system architecture --- tipburn --- nutritional imbalance --- breeding lines --- landraces --- phenotypic traits --- molecular markers --- almond descriptors --- conservation --- endangered cultivars --- fruit quality --- genetic resources --- Prunus dulcis --- MTSI --- multi-environment --- soybean --- seed compositions --- WAASB --- barley --- germplasm --- Hordeum vulgare --- landrace --- DArTseq --- anthocyanins --- black carrot --- bolting --- flavonoids --- glasshouse cultivation --- leaf --- nutrient analysis --- taproot --- n/a

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This book focuses on conservation genetic (and genomic) papers that demonstrate applied outcomes that inform practical threatened species management. We cover a broad range of species and genetic approaches, but focus on how conservation genetic information is used to underpin management actions for species recovery. Through the exposition of a diversity of approaches, we aim to demonstrate to conservation managers and researchers how conservation genetics can inform on-ground species management.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- small isolated population --- Mediterranean native trout --- morphological deformities --- Camphorosmoideae --- conservation genetics --- disjunct distribution --- population fragmentation --- population structure --- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers --- genetic diversity --- population viability analysis --- allele retention --- translocation --- conservation management --- threatened marsupial --- remnant --- conservation --- natural hybridisation --- Eucalyptus --- high throughput sequencing --- NGS --- South Australia --- golden bandicoot --- southern brown bandicoot --- quenda --- phylogenetic --- taxonomy --- evolutionarily significant unit --- ecosystem engineer --- genetic rescue --- genetic restoration --- supplementation --- disease --- inbreeding --- genetic swamping --- locally unique alleles --- population genetics --- marsupial --- adaptive potential --- Leadbeater's possum --- Gymnobelideus leadbeateri --- ex situ conservation --- Psittacidae --- Ara macao --- Xcaret --- captive breeding --- climate drying --- cpDNA --- ecotype --- Evolutionarily Significant Units --- gene flow --- geographic expansion --- patchy abundance --- phylogeography

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Adverse drug reactions are one of the major constraints when using drugs. These adverse reactions can impact healthcare systems as strongly as many prevalent diseases. Identifying DNA variants associated with adverse drug reactions can help personalize medicine and sustain healthcare systems. This book delves into new advances in pharmacogenetics of cardiovascular, cancer, and nervous system drugs. It may be useful for clinicians and patients to understand the basics of pharmacogenetics.

Medicine --- 5-fluorouracil --- capecitabine --- fluoropyrimidine --- thymidylate synthase --- thymidylate synthase enhancer region --- upstream stimulatory factor 1 --- adverse drug reactions --- pharmacogenomics --- epistasis --- random forest --- statin --- cardiovascular disease --- colorectal cancer --- personalised medicine --- toxicity --- (es)citalopram --- drug-gene-interaction --- drug-drug-interaction --- drug-drug-gene-interaction --- the PharmLines initiative --- antipsychotic agents --- pharmacogenetics --- cytochrome P-450 enzyme system --- psychotic disorders --- precision medicine --- direct oral anticoagulants --- clinical implementation --- atorvastatin --- SLCO1B1 --- HLA --- cutaneous adverse drug reaction --- SCAR --- genetic polymorphism --- antiepileptics --- CYP450 enzymes --- platelet reactivity --- single-nucleotide variants --- acute coronary syndrome --- clopidogrel --- genotype --- allele --- polymorphism --- HLA B --- CYP2C9*3 --- cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) --- anti-epileptic drugs (AEDS) --- phenytoin (PHT) --- genetic risk factors --- South India --- India --- cardiology --- adverse events --- guidelines