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Over the years, there has been increasing interest into the public health impact of cannabis use, especially by young adults. This follows the evidence of a growing prevalence of regular cannabis use worldwide, with approximately 200 million users. Recreational cannabis use, especially a frequent use of products with high levels of its main psychoactive ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), can cause dependence and have transient and long-lasting detrimental mental health effects, also negatively impacting cognitive processing and brain function and metabolism. In regular users, the development of tolerance to some of the effects of cannabis, especially the pleasurable ones, may lead to progressively heavier use in order to obtain the same effects in terms of their intensity, with higher health risks. However, the Cannabis Sativa plant contains different chemicals with different potential effects. In this regard, cannabidiol has gained interest because of its potential therapeutic properties, in line with evidence that CBD and Δ9-THC may exhibit opposite effects at the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), Δ9-THC being a partial agonist and CBD an antagonist/inverse agonist. Different cannabinoids may modulate human brain function and behavior in different ways, with different risk–benefit profiles.

Medicine --- Neurosciences --- delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol --- placebo --- cannabis-associated psychosis --- schizophrenia --- BDNF --- CB1 --- CB2 --- episodic memory --- exercise --- African American --- black --- older adult --- marijuana use --- cannabis use disorder --- cue reactivity --- craving --- inhibitory control --- frontal alpha asymmetry --- EEG --- cannabinoids --- cannabis use --- psychotic disorder --- genetics --- age of onset --- clinical high risk --- cannabis --- memory --- functional magnetic resonance imaging --- THC --- systematic review --- gyrification --- surface area --- cortical surface structure --- aerobic fitness --- gender --- endocannabinoid system --- executive functions --- problematic cannabis use --- triple network --- EEG functional connectivity --- eLORETA --- resting state --- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol --- dronabinol --- marijuana --- randomized controlled trial --- opioids --- traumatic injury --- alcohol --- adolescents --- fMRI --- interoception --- negative reinforcement --- migraine: chronic pain --- triptans --- disability --- n/a

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Over the years, there has been increasing interest into the public health impact of cannabis use, especially by young adults. This follows the evidence of a growing prevalence of regular cannabis use worldwide, with approximately 200 million users. Recreational cannabis use, especially a frequent use of products with high levels of its main psychoactive ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), can cause dependence and have transient and long-lasting detrimental mental health effects, also negatively impacting cognitive processing and brain function and metabolism. In regular users, the development of tolerance to some of the effects of cannabis, especially the pleasurable ones, may lead to progressively heavier use in order to obtain the same effects in terms of their intensity, with higher health risks. However, the Cannabis Sativa plant contains different chemicals with different potential effects. In this regard, cannabidiol has gained interest because of its potential therapeutic properties, in line with evidence that CBD and Δ9-THC may exhibit opposite effects at the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), Δ9-THC being a partial agonist and CBD an antagonist/inverse agonist. Different cannabinoids may modulate human brain function and behavior in different ways, with different risk–benefit profiles.

Medicine --- Neurosciences --- delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol --- placebo --- cannabis-associated psychosis --- schizophrenia --- BDNF --- CB1 --- CB2 --- episodic memory --- exercise --- African American --- black --- older adult --- marijuana use --- cannabis use disorder --- cue reactivity --- craving --- inhibitory control --- frontal alpha asymmetry --- EEG --- cannabinoids --- cannabis use --- psychotic disorder --- genetics --- age of onset --- clinical high risk --- cannabis --- memory --- functional magnetic resonance imaging --- THC --- systematic review --- gyrification --- surface area --- cortical surface structure --- aerobic fitness --- gender --- endocannabinoid system --- executive functions --- problematic cannabis use --- triple network --- EEG functional connectivity --- eLORETA --- resting state --- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol --- dronabinol --- marijuana --- randomized controlled trial --- opioids --- traumatic injury --- alcohol --- adolescents --- fMRI --- interoception --- negative reinforcement --- migraine: chronic pain --- triptans --- disability

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Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes ", genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, financing and more. Among the important issues covered are quality control in genetic testing; appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, research laboratories and centers, and companies involved in testing; value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing; professional and public education; access to test results for insurance, employment, and other uses.

Medical genetics --- Human chromosome abnormalities --- Medical policy --- Probability --- Epidemiologic Measurements --- Organizations --- Cytogenetic Analysis --- Forensic Psychiatry --- Genetic Services --- Patient Rights --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Communication --- Risk Management --- Investigative Techniques --- Health Surveys --- Causality --- Infant --- Laboratory Techniques and Procedures --- Genetic Techniques --- Psychology, Social --- Public Health --- Ethics --- Social Control Policies --- Diagnostic Services --- Persons --- Age Factors --- Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological --- Public Health Practice --- Genotype --- Age Groups --- Jurisprudence --- Medicine --- Insurance --- Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities --- Organization and Administration --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Sociology --- Biology --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Social Sciences --- Health Facilities --- Economics --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Occupational Groups --- Mathematics --- Epidemiologic Methods --- Educational Measurement --- Weights and Measures --- North America --- Information Science --- Science --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Data Collection --- Mathematical Concepts --- Behavior --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Diseases --- Human Rights --- Policy --- Epidemiologic Factors --- Health Services --- Preventive Health Services --- Health Care --- Psychiatry --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Diagnosis --- Named Groups --- Health Services Administration --- Quality of Health Care --- Financing, Organized --- Americas --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Humanities --- Health Occupations --- Genetic Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Environment and Public Health --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Geographic Locations --- Community Health Services --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Behavioral Sciences --- Phenomena and Processes --- Geographicals --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Genetic Testing --- Infant, Newborn --- Informed Consent --- Reference Standards --- Risk Assessment --- Age of Onset --- Confidentiality --- Government --- Mass Screening --- Risk Factors --- Federal Government --- Genetic Counseling --- Government Regulation --- Human Experimentation --- Public Policy --- Risk --- Sex Determination Analysis --- Statistics as Topic --- Policy Making --- Prejudice --- Financial Support --- Health Personnel --- Social Control, Formal --- State Government --- Genetics, Medical --- Information Dissemination --- Minority Groups --- Prenatal Diagnosis --- Education --- Insurance, Health --- Minors --- Adolescent --- Genetics --- Health Policy --- Heterozygote --- Laboratories --- Research --- Voluntary Programs --- Biomedical Research --- Advisory Committees --- Information Services --- Professional Competence --- Chromosome Mapping --- Conflict of Interest --- Family --- Adult --- Epidemiology --- Genetic Diseases, Inborn --- United States --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pathology --- Social aspects --- -Human chromosome abnormalities --- -Medical policy --- -#GBIB:CBMER --- genetische test (genetische zelftest) --- genetische screening --- genetische counseling --- genetisch onderzoek --- Health care policy --- Health policy --- Medical care --- Medicine and state --- Policy, Medical --- Public health --- Public health policy --- State and medicine --- Science and state --- Social policy --- Human chromosomes --- Chromosome abnormalities --- Genetic disorders --- Clinical genetics --- Heredity of disease --- Human genetics --- Medical sciences --- -Social aspects --- test génétique (autotest génétique) --- dépistage génétique --- conseil génétique --- recherche génétique --- Government policy --- Abnormalities --- Genetic aspects --- Hereditary Diseases --- Risk Factors. --- Social aspects. --- United States. --- epidemiology. --- genetics. --- Epidemiology. --- Genetics. --- #GBIB:CBMER --- Diagnosis&delete&