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Food insecurity is a complex ‘wicked’ problem that results from a range of unstable and uncertain physical, social, cultural and economic factors that limits access to nutritious food. Globally, 800 million people are under-nourished, and around 2 billion are overweight/obese or have micronutrient deficiency. These populations are largely positioned in developing countries where disease burden is high and impacts health budgets and productivity. Similarly developed countries, cities and neighbourhoods are experiencing a greater emergence of vulnerable populations. This is in part explained by the change in the food production and manufacturing, the retraction in economic climates, the increase in food price, and in some regions reduced food availability and access.Vulnerable groups include but are not limited to migrant populations, Indigenous people, elderly, pregnant women, those with disability, homeless, young children and youth. Poor nutrition at significant periods of growth and development and during life impact long term health outcomes increasing non-communicable disease prevalence, health cost and reducing economic productivity.

self-esteem --- n/a --- lunch --- energy density --- school performance --- refugees --- dietary patterns --- consumption of fruits and vegetables --- food pantry --- Malaysia --- vulnerable groups --- village chickens --- Social Cognitive Theory --- nutrition education --- Student Assistance Program --- low-income undergraduate students --- children --- abdominal obesity --- livestock --- self-efficacy --- emergency food assistance --- food insecurity --- obesity --- knowledge --- Obesity --- rural populations --- Tanzania --- low-income population --- BMI-for-age --- in-depth interview --- fruit and vegetables --- metabolic syndrome --- malnutrition --- popular restaurant --- nutrition --- school intervention --- rural children --- double burden of malnutrition --- women --- co-design --- challenges --- fat mass --- adolescent health --- welfare home --- training --- adiposity markers --- Orang Asli --- sub-Saharan Africa --- charitable food sector --- food literacy --- place-based --- feeding practices --- child stunting --- dietary quality --- public health --- nutrition security --- socioeconomics --- undernutrition --- primary health care --- HFIAS --- resource-poor settings --- food assistance --- Palestine --- Lebanon --- tertiary education --- infant feeding --- refugee --- animal-source food --- pediatrics --- food security --- low-income --- breastfeeding --- food poverty --- body image --- Indonesia