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Rising College Access and Completion : How Much can Free College Help?
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : The World Bank,

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Abstract

Free college proposals have become increasingly popular in many countries. To evaluate their potential effects, this paper develops and estimates a dynamic model of college enrollment, performance, and graduation. A central piece of the model, student effort has a direct effect on class completion and an indirect effect in mitigating the risk of not completing a class or not remaining in college. The model is estimated with rich, student-level administrative data from Colombia, and the estimates are used to simulate free college programs that differ in eligibility requirements. Among these, universal free college expands enrollment the most, but it does not affect graduation rates and has the highest per-graduate cost. Performance-based free college, in contrast, delivers a slightly lower enrollment expansion yet a greater graduation rate at a lower per-graduate cost. Relative to universal free college, performance-based free college places greater risk on students, but precisely for this reason leads them to better outcomes. Nonetheless, even performance-based free college fails to deliver a large increase in the graduation rate, suggesting that additional, complementary policies might be required to elicit the large increase in effort that is needed to raise graduation rates.


Book
Equity policies in global higher education : reducing inequality and increasing participation and attainment
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 303069691X 3030696901 Year: 2022 Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan,

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This book discusses and analyses global policies and practices aimed at promoting equity in higher education participation and attainment. Although the massification of higher education systems has facilitated the participation of students from deprived backgrounds, socioeconomic inequalities persist in access to the most prestigious institutions and programmes. Privileged students benefit from a number of advantages in the competition for selective and scarce places: access to information, lower aversion to debt, higher expectations, better previous schooling and higher academic achievement. The chapters present a critical analysis of equity policies in different countries – with or without affirmative action policies, within a context of neoliberal policies or within a social democratic model – and the reasons why they have failed to promote equity and fairness, preventing students from achieving their full educational potential.

Keywords

Igualtat d'oportunitats educatives --- Política educativa --- Educació superior --- Educació universitària --- Ensenyament superior --- Ensenyament universitari --- Estudis superiors --- Estudis universitaris --- Etapes educatives --- Abandó dels estudis (Educació superior) --- Competències transversals --- Educació clàssica --- Educació superior transfronterera --- Ensenyament de la biblioteconomia --- Estudis de postgrau --- Extensió universitària --- Lectura (Educació superior) --- Orientació en l'educació superior --- Primer cicle d'ensenyament universitari --- Seminaris --- Tercer cicle d'ensenyament universitari --- Campus virtuals --- Escrits acadèmics --- Pràcticums --- Universitats --- Educació i Estat --- Política social --- Beques --- Comunitat i escola --- Dret a l'educació --- Administració escolar --- Economia de l'educació --- Escola única --- Legislació educativa --- Política de la joventut --- Accés a l'educació --- Democratització de l'ensenyament --- Desigualtat d'oportunitats educatives --- Educació igualitària --- Finalitats de l'educació --- Educació compensatòria --- Desigualtat social --- equity in higher education --- access to higher education --- participation in higher education --- attainment and retention --- higher education policy --- Open Access --- Education, Higher. --- Education and state. --- Inclusive education. --- Social justice. --- Educational sociology. --- Higher Education. --- Educational Policy and Politics. --- Inclusive Education. --- Social Justice. --- Sociology of Education. --- Education and sociology --- Social problems in education --- Society and education --- Sociology, Educational --- Sociology --- Education --- Equality --- Justice --- Inclusion (Education) --- Inclusive learning --- Inclusive schools movement --- Least restrictive environment --- Mainstreaming in education --- Education policy --- Educational policy --- State and education --- Social policy --- Endowment of research --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- Universities and colleges --- Aims and objectives --- Government policy --- Educational equalization --- Higher education and state. --- Government policy.

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