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Chirality, or handedness, is a fundamental physical characteristic, which spans the length scales ranging from elementary particles to the chiral asymmetry of spiral galaxies. The way in which chirality in chemistry, or molecular handedness, may have emerged in a primitive terrestrial environment, and how it can be triggered, amplified, and transferred, are deeply challenging problems rooted in both fundamental scientific interests and the technological potentials for science and society. Chirality constitutes a unifying feature of the living world and is a prime driving force for molecular selection and genetic evolution in biology. In this book, we offer a selection of five distinct approaches to this problem by leading experts in the field. The selected topics range from protein chirality and its relevance to protein ageing, protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, entropy production associated with chiral symmetry breaking in closed systems, chiral oscillations in polymerization models involving higher-order oligomers, the mirror symmetry breaking in liquids and its implications for the development of homochirality in abiogenesis, the role of chirality in the chemical sciences, and some philosophical implications of chirality.

biochirality --- post-translational modifications --- protein folding --- protein aggregation --- spontaneous chemical reactions --- neurodegeneration --- non-equilibrium phase transitions --- chiral symmetry breaking --- entropy production --- closed systems --- nonequilibrium --- dissipative structures --- mirror symmetry breaking --- biological chirality --- liquid crystals --- proto-RNA --- networks --- compartmentalization --- chiral liquids --- cubic phases --- prebiotic chemistry --- chirality amplification --- helical self-assembly --- chiral oscillations --- spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking --- origin of homochirality --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- biological homochirality --- chemical abiotic evolution --- chirality --- origin of life --- dissipative reaction systems

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This book entitled “Chemical Symmetry Breaking” is a collective volume of state-of-the-art reports on unique nonlinear chemical and physical symmetry-breaking phenomena that were experimentally observed upon a thermally or photochemically induced phase transition in various organic condensed phases, such as metastable liquid crystals, crystals, amorphous solids, and colloidal polymer materials, only under nonequilibrium conditions. Each author summarizes the introductory section in simple terms but in detail for beginners in this field. We wish that many readers familiarize themselves with the general concepts and features of nonlinear and nonequilibrium (or out of equilibrium) complexity theory, which govern a variety of unique dynamic behaviors observed in chemistry, physics, life science and other fields, so that they may discover novel symmetry-breaking phenomena in their own research areas.

Research & information: general --- amplification of chirality --- dynamic crystallization --- Diels–Alder reaction --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- conglomerate --- racemization --- attrition-enhanced deracemization --- Viedma ripening --- reversible reaction --- enantiomorphic crystal --- polymorphism --- off-shell quantum field --- space-like momentum --- dressed photon --- micro-macro duality --- Clebsch dual field --- Majorana fermion --- the cosmological term --- Weyl tensor --- dark energy --- dark matter --- photomechanical --- crystal --- right–left symmetry breaking --- chiral symmetry breaking --- dissipative structure --- energy conversion --- mechanical work --- self-oscillation --- collective dynamics --- autonomous motion --- self-replication --- autocatalysis --- molecular motor --- molecular robot --- amorphous-to-crystal phase transformation --- detection of real-time symmetry breaking --- mechanofluorochromism --- fluorescence spectroscopy --- liquid-like cluster --- evaporative crystallization --- quartz crystal microbalance --- two-step nucleation model --- chiral --- circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) --- magnetic circularly polarized luminescence (MCPL) --- spontaneous resolution --- chirality --- deracemization --- preferential enrichment --- thermodynamics --- phase diagrams --- kinetics --- symmetry breaking --- ferroelectricity --- antiferrolelectricity --- subphases --- resonant X-ray scattering --- vapochromism --- fluorescence --- macrocycles --- inclusion crystals --- host–guest chemistry --- spin symmetry breaking --- magnetic liquid crystals --- magneto-LC effect --- nitroxide radicals --- superparamagnetic domain --- spin glass state --- elastic organic crystals --- mechanical deformation --- π-conjugated molecules --- photoluminescence --- deformation-induced photoluminescence changes --- biomolecular handedness --- circular dichroism --- circularly polarized luminescence --- non-equilibrium --- colloid --- conjugated polymer --- amplification of chirality --- dynamic crystallization --- Diels–Alder reaction --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- conglomerate --- racemization --- attrition-enhanced deracemization --- Viedma ripening --- reversible reaction --- enantiomorphic crystal --- polymorphism --- off-shell quantum field --- space-like momentum --- dressed photon --- micro-macro duality --- Clebsch dual field --- Majorana fermion --- the cosmological term --- Weyl tensor --- dark energy --- dark matter --- photomechanical --- crystal --- right–left symmetry breaking --- chiral symmetry breaking --- dissipative structure --- energy conversion --- mechanical work --- self-oscillation --- collective dynamics --- autonomous motion --- self-replication --- autocatalysis --- molecular motor --- molecular robot --- amorphous-to-crystal phase transformation --- detection of real-time symmetry breaking --- mechanofluorochromism --- fluorescence spectroscopy --- liquid-like cluster --- evaporative crystallization --- quartz crystal microbalance --- two-step nucleation model --- chiral --- circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) --- magnetic circularly polarized luminescence (MCPL) --- spontaneous resolution --- chirality --- deracemization --- preferential enrichment --- thermodynamics --- phase diagrams --- kinetics --- symmetry breaking --- ferroelectricity --- antiferrolelectricity --- subphases --- resonant X-ray scattering --- vapochromism --- fluorescence --- macrocycles --- inclusion crystals --- host–guest chemistry --- spin symmetry breaking --- magnetic liquid crystals --- magneto-LC effect --- nitroxide radicals --- superparamagnetic domain --- spin glass state --- elastic organic crystals --- mechanical deformation --- π-conjugated molecules --- photoluminescence --- deformation-induced photoluminescence changes --- biomolecular handedness --- circular dichroism --- circularly polarized luminescence --- non-equilibrium --- colloid --- conjugated polymer

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book entitled “Chemical Symmetry Breaking” is a collective volume of state-of-the-art reports on unique nonlinear chemical and physical symmetry-breaking phenomena that were experimentally observed upon a thermally or photochemically induced phase transition in various organic condensed phases, such as metastable liquid crystals, crystals, amorphous solids, and colloidal polymer materials, only under nonequilibrium conditions. Each author summarizes the introductory section in simple terms but in detail for beginners in this field. We wish that many readers familiarize themselves with the general concepts and features of nonlinear and nonequilibrium (or out of equilibrium) complexity theory, which govern a variety of unique dynamic behaviors observed in chemistry, physics, life science and other fields, so that they may discover novel symmetry-breaking phenomena in their own research areas.

amplification of chirality --- dynamic crystallization --- Diels–Alder reaction --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- conglomerate --- racemization --- attrition-enhanced deracemization --- Viedma ripening --- reversible reaction --- enantiomorphic crystal --- polymorphism --- off-shell quantum field --- space-like momentum --- dressed photon --- micro-macro duality --- Clebsch dual field --- Majorana fermion --- the cosmological term --- Weyl tensor --- dark energy --- dark matter --- photomechanical --- crystal --- right–left symmetry breaking --- chiral symmetry breaking --- dissipative structure --- energy conversion --- mechanical work --- self-oscillation --- collective dynamics --- autonomous motion --- self-replication --- autocatalysis --- molecular motor --- molecular robot --- amorphous-to-crystal phase transformation --- detection of real-time symmetry breaking --- mechanofluorochromism --- fluorescence spectroscopy --- liquid-like cluster --- evaporative crystallization --- quartz crystal microbalance --- two-step nucleation model --- chiral --- circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) --- magnetic circularly polarized luminescence (MCPL) --- spontaneous resolution --- chirality --- deracemization --- preferential enrichment --- thermodynamics --- phase diagrams --- kinetics --- symmetry breaking --- ferroelectricity --- antiferrolelectricity --- subphases --- resonant X-ray scattering --- vapochromism --- fluorescence --- macrocycles --- inclusion crystals --- host–guest chemistry --- spin symmetry breaking --- magnetic liquid crystals --- magneto-LC effect --- nitroxide radicals --- superparamagnetic domain --- spin glass state --- elastic organic crystals --- mechanical deformation --- π-conjugated molecules --- photoluminescence --- deformation-induced photoluminescence changes --- biomolecular handedness --- circular dichroism --- circularly polarized luminescence --- non-equilibrium --- colloid --- conjugated polymer