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Physiognomy and ekphrasis are two of the most important modes of description in antiquity and represent the necessary precursors of scientific description. The primary way of divining the characteristics and fate of an individual, whether inborn or acquired, was to observe the patient's external characteristics and behaviour. This volume focuses initially on two types of descriptive literature in Mesopotamia: physiognomic omens and what we might call ekphrastic description. These modalities are traced through ancient India, Ugaritic and the Hebrew Bible, before arriving at the physiognomic features of famous historical figures such as Themistocles, Socrates or Augustus in the Graeco-Roman world, where physiognomic discussions become intertwined with typological analyses of human characters. The Arabic compendial culture absorbed and remade these different physiognomic and ekphrastic traditions, incorporating both Mesopotamian links between physiognomy and medicine and the interest in characterological 'types' that had emerged in the Hellenistic period.This volume offer the first wide-ranging picture of these modalities of description in antiquity.
Literary studies: classical, early & medieval --- History of science --- Physiognomy Description Ekphrasis --- 750-1258 --- Griechenland --- Indien --- Mesopotamien --- Römisches Reich --- Imperium Romanum --- Reich Rom --- Italien --- Antike --- Römerzeit --- Römer --- v753-500 --- Zweistromland --- Zwischenstromland --- Bharat --- Indische Union --- Altindien --- Hindustan --- Hindostan --- Indie --- Indian Union --- Bhārata Gaṇarājya --- Bhārata --- Republik Indien --- Dominion of India --- India --- Republic of India --- Inde --- Indië --- Bharata --- Indiia --- Indland --- Hindiston Respublikasi --- Satharanarat 'India --- Yin-tu --- Inder --- Britisch-Indien --- Südasien --- 15.08.1947 --- -Griechenland --- Griechen --- Altertum --- Geschichte 753 v. Chr.-500
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La Mésopotamie antique fait l’objet de passionnantes découvertes depuis le xixe siècle. Berceau de notre civilisation, elle a vu naître l’écriture vers la fin du IVe millénaire av. J.-C. Les centaines de milliers de textes qui nous sont parvenus de ces époques lointaines, alliés aux témoignages archéologiques, nous font connaître un monde enchanté où tout, à divers degrés, est sacré. Chaque activité humaine implique l’intervention d’un dieu. Dans ce contexte, les temples consacrés aux divinités ont de quoi nous surprendre. Loin d’être simplement des lieux de culte, où le clergé prenait soin des divinités présentes dans des statues, ils étaient le cadre d’activités de la vie quotidienne : les temples de Shamash, dieu de la justice, fonctionnaient comme des tribunaux ; ceux de Gula, déesse de la santé, comme des centres de cure ; ceux de Nabu, dieu de l’écriture, comme des bibliothèques ; ceux d’Ishtar, déesse de l’amour, comme des maisons de plaisir. En un mot, retracer la vie méconnue de ces temples, c’est tenter de recouvrer celle de ces hommes d’un autre temps. Tel est l’objet de ce livre issu de l’enseignement de Dominique Charpin au Collège de France.
Temples --- Civilisation assyro-babylonienne. --- Religion assyro-babylonienne. --- Civilization, Assyro-Babylonian --- Assyro-Babylonian religion --- Civilisation assyro-babylonienne --- Religion assyro-babylonienne --- Architecture, Ancient --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Cuneiform writing --- Antiquities. --- Architecture, Ancient. --- Civilization. --- Cuneiform writing. --- Temples. --- Religion --- Tempel --- History. --- To 634 --- Iraq --- Iraq. --- Mesopotamien --- Civilization --- Heiligtum --- Sakralbau --- Pseudoreligion --- Architecture --- Church architecture --- Religious institutions --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Alphabet --- Inscriptions --- Paleography --- Writing --- Achaemenian inscriptions --- Cuneiform inscriptions --- Barbarism --- Civilisation --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Culture --- Archaeological specimens --- Artefacts (Antiquities) --- Artifacts (Antiquities) --- Specimens, Archaeological --- Material culture --- Zweistromland --- Zwischenstromland --- Bilād al-Rāfidayn --- Bilād --- Irak --- Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah --- Republic of Iraq --- société --- culte --- Mésopotamie --- temples --- Antiquité --- cités --- religion
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