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Dissertation
Etude des solutions techniques et des coûts financiers des logements zéro-énergie : Benchmarking de cas d'étude et analyse des coûts de cycle de vie d'un immeuble à appartements
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Afin de répondre aux enjeux climatiques qui se font de plus en plus ressentir à travers le monde, la Directive européenne sur la performance énergétique des bâtiments (EPBD) n’a cessé, depuis sa création en 2002, de publier toute une série de directives et recommandations visant à renforcer l’efficacité énergétique des bâtiments. Avec la traduction par les autorités wallonnes des dernières révisions de la Directive, toute nouvelle habitation doit répondre depuis 2021 aux normes QZEN (Quasi Zéro Énergie) afin de donner une chance à l'Europe d'atteindre d’ici 2030 ses objectifs de 40% de réduction des gaz à effet de serre par rapport au niveau de 1990.&#13;Cette nouvelle réglementation soulève toute une série de questionnements sur la conception des bâtiments, tant au niveau technique, économique et environnemental. Ce travail se concentre sur les aspects techniques et les coûts financiers à court et long terme pour la construction dans le secteur résidentiel. Ainsi, la première intention du mémoire consiste à explorer les techniques les plus couramment rencontrées pour atteindre des consommations énergétiques quasi nulles. Ensuite, le second objectif cherche à déterminer un prix de construction moyen nécessaire pour bâtir selon ces nouvelles normes. Enfin, une dernière question examine si les exigences zéro énergie sont économiquement favorables sur le budget à court et long terme du particulier.&#13;Les deux premières questions sont étudiées à travers la réalisation d’un benchmarking de bâtiments résidentiels considérés comme très performants et sélectionnés selon une série de critères qui permettent une comparaison. Tous les cas d’étude analysés sont issus de la plateforme collaborative Construction21. Plusieurs données propres aux caractéristiques de l’enveloppe des bâtiments et aux équipements techniques ont été extraites et comparées afin de dégager des tendances sur les mises en œuvre qui permettent d’atteindre les niveaux QZEN. Les coûts de construction étant également disponibles sur l’outil Construction21, ceux-ci ont été compilés afin d’en retirer une valeur médiane pour les maisons individuelles et les logements collectifs.&#13;La seconde partie du mémoire permet de tirer des liens entre considérations techniques et financières. Un cas d’étude a été sélectionné selon les mêmes critères que ceux qui ont servi à établir le benchmarking. Différents scénarios tendant progressivement vers le zéro énergie ont été modélisés afin d’évaluer les impacts de cette exigence sur les coûts de construction, mais également sur les dépenses à long terme. Pour ce faire, une analyse des coûts du cycle de vie (ACCV) sur une période de 40 ans a été réalisée pour chacun des scénarios afin de déterminer quelles sont les stratégies qui permettent d’améliorer la consommation des bâtiments tout en limitant l’impact sur les coûts. Les consommations énergétiques ont quant à elles été déterminées à l’aide du logiciel DesignBuilder et son moteur de calcul EnergyPlus. Enfin, le scénario zéro énergie modélisé est comparé aux résultats du benchmarking afin de voir si celui-ci s’inscrit dans les conclusions tirées dans la première partie du mémoire.&#13;Le travail se conclut sur une discussion synthétisant les différents résultats, pointant notamment les limites de l’étude, et en annonçant les perspectives qui pourraient être envisagées afin de poursuivre la recherche sur la thématique.


Book
Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Both New and Rehabilitated
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ISBN: 3039287036 3039287028 Year: 2020 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Buildings are one of the main causes of the emission of greenhouse gases in the world. Europe alone is responsible for more than 30% of emissions, or about 900 million tons of CO2 per year. Heating and air conditioning are the main cause of greenhouse gas emissions in buildings. Most buildings currently in use were built with poor energy efficiency criteria or, depending on the country and the date of construction, none at all. Therefore, regardless of whether construction regulations are becoming stricter, the real challenge nowadays is the energy rehabilitation of existing buildings. It is currently a priority to reduce (or, ideally, eliminate) the waste of energy in buildings and, at the same time, supply the necessary energy through renewable sources. The first can be achieved by improving the architectural design, construction methods, and materials used, as well as the efficiency of the facilities and systems; the second can be achieved through the integration of renewable energy (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) in buildings. In any case, regardless of whether the energy used is renewable or not, the efficiency must always be taken into account. The most profitable and clean energy is that which is not consumed.

Keywords

artificial neural network --- thermal performance --- dynamic simulation --- building renovation --- zero energy building --- building --- energy productivity --- building sector --- three-phase unbalance minimization --- optimization --- seasonal performance factor (SPF) --- envelope transmittance --- demolition --- envelope airtightness --- building energy prediction --- energy --- Korean household energy consumption --- floor envelope design --- building refurbishment --- perturbation and observation --- glazing --- ground and water source heat pump (ASHP --- sensitivity --- energy efficiency promotion --- model predictive control --- renovation --- home energy management system --- energy tunnel --- performance parameter design --- air --- coefficient of performance (COP) --- Arab region --- building rehabilitation --- ground heat transfer --- residential buildings --- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nachhaltiges Bauen (DGNB) --- policy design --- building user activity --- Leadership in Energy &amp --- lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) --- energy renovation --- energy performance --- urban modelling --- Maghreb --- analytical hierarchy process --- surface cooling --- thermal insulation --- Level(s) --- subtropical climate --- energy efficiency --- green building rating systems --- Ipomoea batatas --- big data --- life cycle cost analysis --- domestic hot water (DHW) --- multi-family buildings --- greenhouse --- building energy --- passive architecture --- prediction --- Haute Qualité Environnementale (HQE) --- Minimum-Energy Building (MEB) --- energy modeling --- Mashreq --- simulation engines --- HVAC demand --- test method --- adjustable step size --- life cycle cost --- energy saving ratio --- Environmental Design (LEED) --- influencing factors --- GSHP and WSHP) --- energy use --- subtropical climate building --- single-person household --- heat load --- energy performance standard --- technology package --- energy-performance gap --- GCC --- Building Research Establishment Assessment Method (BREEAM) --- energy pile --- nearly zero energy building --- co-simulation --- new construction --- space heating --- building stock energy demand --- low power loss --- maximum power point tracking --- envelope thermography --- extensive green roof --- OPERA-MILP


Book
High Efficient Buildings in Mediterranean Area : Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The Building sector requires a conspicuous considerable amount of energy for services related to annual air-conditioning and the thermal comfort of indoor spaces. The design of highly efficient low-energy buildings is often a challenging task, especially in the mediterranean area, where the balanced requirement for heating and cooling energy does not usually permit a high level of envelope insulation in order to avoid summer overheating. This topical Special Issue of Energies is dedicated to “High Efficient Buildings in Mediterranean Area: Challenges and Perspectives” and collects studies related to the assessment and evaluation of systems and technologies for building energy management and control in the Mediterranean climate, with the aim of optimizing the building–plant system and reducing energy use. This collection of papers presents the latest research results related to the topic; these articles offer valuable insights into the energy simulation of highly efficient buildings, propose innovative envelope solutions, such as green roofs, Trombe walls, and PCM, and investigate the use of renewable sources such as photovoltaic systems. The topics also include the innovative use and control of Venetian blinds and fixed solar shades in order to reduce energy consumption and preserve visual comfort, as well as an interesting economic analysis based on the cost-optimal approach.


Book
Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

In recent years, the building sector has been turning towards intervening in the existing city building stock. In fact, it is generally accepted that the refurbishment of buildings and urban regeneration based on sustainability must form the axis of reformulation of the building sector. At present, achieving sustainable urban development inevitably involves improving existing buildings, thereby preventing the need for city growth, and for the emptying of established neighborhoods. Furthermore, considering the whole life cycle, the great amount of greenhouse emissions derived from the construction sector is well known; thus, in order to reach a decarbonized society, it is important to provide eco-efficient construction materials and solutions, adding the principles of the circular economy and resource efficiency. Therefore, the theme of this Special Issue is the “Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods” in response to the objectives not only raised in the Horizon 2020 but by all the people who seek a more sustainable world. This Special Issue of Sustainability focuses on, but is not limited to: • Obtaining an overview of the environmental problems that arise from construction activity, focusing on refurbishment as an alternative to the current crisis in the construction sector, as well as on actions designed to minimize environmental effects on the environment; • Searching for new alternatives to conventional construction solutions that minimize the environmental impact of the construction activity, improve indoor environmental quality of buildings, build or refurbish, always from a rentable and optimal cost in time, and implement a circular economy and an efficient resource and waste management; • Minimizing the consumption of material resources, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in construction and looking for the proper management of construction and demolition waste and the opportunities for their recycling and reuse; • Sustainable planning and urban development, for an ordered and sustainable growth.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- vegetal waste --- shredded corn cobs --- sunflower stalks --- green concrete --- mineral wool --- cement mortar --- recycling --- circular economy --- construction and demolition waste --- CO2 emissions --- disaggregated model --- dust --- noise and vibration emission --- environmental impact studies --- foundations and structures --- sustainability --- transportation --- social housing --- major renovation --- nZEB renovation --- cultural value --- condominium --- cool roof --- energy efficiency --- energy saving --- dynamic numerical method --- life cycle assessment --- disinvestment --- popular housing --- rehabilitation works --- sustainable construction --- waste management --- selective demolition --- waste quantification --- nearly zero-energy building --- End-of-Life Cost --- hospitality --- hotels --- sustainable assessment --- BREEAM methodology --- green hotel --- carbon footprint --- assessment tool --- dwelling construction --- cost control --- direct evaporative cooling --- new pad materials --- wet fabric --- saturation efficiency --- pressure drop --- citizen participation --- resilience --- urban regeneration --- bioclimatic refurbishment --- sustainable city --- Seville --- guide --- decarbonisation --- construction --- Circular Design --- circular technologies --- reversibility --- durability --- circular potential --- indicators --- service life --- closed material loops --- decarbonization of construction sector --- refurbishment of buildings --- neighbourhood regeneration --- eco-efficient construction solutions --- construction and waste management --- indoor environmental quality --- resource efficiency


Book
Building Physics and Building Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.


Book
Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

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Bookmark

Abstract

In recent years, the building sector has been turning towards intervening in the existing city building stock. In fact, it is generally accepted that the refurbishment of buildings and urban regeneration based on sustainability must form the axis of reformulation of the building sector. At present, achieving sustainable urban development inevitably involves improving existing buildings, thereby preventing the need for city growth, and for the emptying of established neighborhoods. Furthermore, considering the whole life cycle, the great amount of greenhouse emissions derived from the construction sector is well known; thus, in order to reach a decarbonized society, it is important to provide eco-efficient construction materials and solutions, adding the principles of the circular economy and resource efficiency. Therefore, the theme of this Special Issue is the “Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods” in response to the objectives not only raised in the Horizon 2020 but by all the people who seek a more sustainable world. This Special Issue of Sustainability focuses on, but is not limited to: • Obtaining an overview of the environmental problems that arise from construction activity, focusing on refurbishment as an alternative to the current crisis in the construction sector, as well as on actions designed to minimize environmental effects on the environment; • Searching for new alternatives to conventional construction solutions that minimize the environmental impact of the construction activity, improve indoor environmental quality of buildings, build or refurbish, always from a rentable and optimal cost in time, and implement a circular economy and an efficient resource and waste management; • Minimizing the consumption of material resources, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in construction and looking for the proper management of construction and demolition waste and the opportunities for their recycling and reuse; • Sustainable planning and urban development, for an ordered and sustainable growth.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- vegetal waste --- shredded corn cobs --- sunflower stalks --- green concrete --- mineral wool --- cement mortar --- recycling --- circular economy --- construction and demolition waste --- CO2 emissions --- disaggregated model --- dust --- noise and vibration emission --- environmental impact studies --- foundations and structures --- sustainability --- transportation --- social housing --- major renovation --- nZEB renovation --- cultural value --- condominium --- cool roof --- energy efficiency --- energy saving --- dynamic numerical method --- life cycle assessment --- disinvestment --- popular housing --- rehabilitation works --- sustainable construction --- waste management --- selective demolition --- waste quantification --- nearly zero-energy building --- End-of-Life Cost --- hospitality --- hotels --- sustainable assessment --- BREEAM methodology --- green hotel --- carbon footprint --- assessment tool --- dwelling construction --- cost control --- direct evaporative cooling --- new pad materials --- wet fabric --- saturation efficiency --- pressure drop --- citizen participation --- resilience --- urban regeneration --- bioclimatic refurbishment --- sustainable city --- Seville --- guide --- decarbonisation --- construction --- Circular Design --- circular technologies --- reversibility --- durability --- circular potential --- indicators --- service life --- closed material loops --- decarbonization of construction sector --- refurbishment of buildings --- neighbourhood regeneration --- eco-efficient construction solutions --- construction and waste management --- indoor environmental quality --- resource efficiency


Book
Building Physics and Building Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.


Book
Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

In recent years, the building sector has been turning towards intervening in the existing city building stock. In fact, it is generally accepted that the refurbishment of buildings and urban regeneration based on sustainability must form the axis of reformulation of the building sector. At present, achieving sustainable urban development inevitably involves improving existing buildings, thereby preventing the need for city growth, and for the emptying of established neighborhoods. Furthermore, considering the whole life cycle, the great amount of greenhouse emissions derived from the construction sector is well known; thus, in order to reach a decarbonized society, it is important to provide eco-efficient construction materials and solutions, adding the principles of the circular economy and resource efficiency. Therefore, the theme of this Special Issue is the “Decarbonization and Circular Economy in the Sustainable Development and Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods” in response to the objectives not only raised in the Horizon 2020 but by all the people who seek a more sustainable world. This Special Issue of Sustainability focuses on, but is not limited to: • Obtaining an overview of the environmental problems that arise from construction activity, focusing on refurbishment as an alternative to the current crisis in the construction sector, as well as on actions designed to minimize environmental effects on the environment; • Searching for new alternatives to conventional construction solutions that minimize the environmental impact of the construction activity, improve indoor environmental quality of buildings, build or refurbish, always from a rentable and optimal cost in time, and implement a circular economy and an efficient resource and waste management; • Minimizing the consumption of material resources, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in construction and looking for the proper management of construction and demolition waste and the opportunities for their recycling and reuse; • Sustainable planning and urban development, for an ordered and sustainable growth.

Keywords

vegetal waste --- shredded corn cobs --- sunflower stalks --- green concrete --- mineral wool --- cement mortar --- recycling --- circular economy --- construction and demolition waste --- CO2 emissions --- disaggregated model --- dust --- noise and vibration emission --- environmental impact studies --- foundations and structures --- sustainability --- transportation --- social housing --- major renovation --- nZEB renovation --- cultural value --- condominium --- cool roof --- energy efficiency --- energy saving --- dynamic numerical method --- life cycle assessment --- disinvestment --- popular housing --- rehabilitation works --- sustainable construction --- waste management --- selective demolition --- waste quantification --- nearly zero-energy building --- End-of-Life Cost --- hospitality --- hotels --- sustainable assessment --- BREEAM methodology --- green hotel --- carbon footprint --- assessment tool --- dwelling construction --- cost control --- direct evaporative cooling --- new pad materials --- wet fabric --- saturation efficiency --- pressure drop --- citizen participation --- resilience --- urban regeneration --- bioclimatic refurbishment --- sustainable city --- Seville --- guide --- decarbonisation --- construction --- Circular Design --- circular technologies --- reversibility --- durability --- circular potential --- indicators --- service life --- closed material loops --- decarbonization of construction sector --- refurbishment of buildings --- neighbourhood regeneration --- eco-efficient construction solutions --- construction and waste management --- indoor environmental quality --- resource efficiency


Book
High Efficient Buildings in Mediterranean Area : Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

The Building sector requires a conspicuous considerable amount of energy for services related to annual air-conditioning and the thermal comfort of indoor spaces. The design of highly efficient low-energy buildings is often a challenging task, especially in the mediterranean area, where the balanced requirement for heating and cooling energy does not usually permit a high level of envelope insulation in order to avoid summer overheating. This topical Special Issue of Energies is dedicated to “High Efficient Buildings in Mediterranean Area: Challenges and Perspectives” and collects studies related to the assessment and evaluation of systems and technologies for building energy management and control in the Mediterranean climate, with the aim of optimizing the building–plant system and reducing energy use. This collection of papers presents the latest research results related to the topic; these articles offer valuable insights into the energy simulation of highly efficient buildings, propose innovative envelope solutions, such as green roofs, Trombe walls, and PCM, and investigate the use of renewable sources such as photovoltaic systems. The topics also include the innovative use and control of Venetian blinds and fixed solar shades in order to reduce energy consumption and preserve visual comfort, as well as an interesting economic analysis based on the cost-optimal approach.


Book
Building Physics and Building Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Loading...
Export citation

Choose an application

Bookmark

Abstract

The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.

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