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Describing all aspects of the technique of small-angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons, this book covers topics including instrumentation, sample requirements, data interpretation and modelling methods. Examining each in a comprehensive way, the text also gives examples of applications in various fields of biophysics and biochemistry.
X-rays --- Small-angle x-ray scattering. --- Scattering, Small-angle x-ray --- X-ray small-angle scattering --- Small-angle scattering --- X-ray scattering --- Scattering (Physics) --- Scattering. --- Scattering --- Macromolecules --- Neutrons --- Structure. --- Measurement.
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This book provides a clear, comprehensible and up-to-date description of how Small Angle Scattering (SAS) can help structural biology researchers. SAS is an efficient technique that offers structural information on how biological macromolecules behave in solution. SAS provides distinct and complementary data for integrative structural biology approaches in combination with other widely used probes, such as X-ray crystallography, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Mass spectrometry and Cryo-electron Microscopy. The development of brilliant synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) beam lines has increased the number of researchers interested in solution scattering. SAS is especially useful for studying conformational changes in proteins, highly flexible proteins, and intrinsically disordered proteins. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with neutron contrast variation is ideally suited for studying multi-component assemblies as well as membrane proteins that are stabilized in surfactant micelles or vesicles. SAS is also used for studying dynamic processes of protein fibrillation in amyloid diseases, and pharmaceutical drug delivery. The combination with size-exclusion chromatography further increases the range of SAS applications. The book is written by leading experts in solution SAS methodologies. The principles and theoretical background of various SAS techniques are included, along with practical aspects that range from sample preparation to data presentation for publication. Topics covered include techniques for improving data quality and analysis, as well as different scientific applications of SAS. With abundant illustrations and practical tips, we hope the clear explanations of the principles and the reviews on the latest progresses will serve as a guide through all aspects of biological solution SAS. The scope of this book is particularly relevant for structural biology researchers who are new to SAS. Advanced users of the technique will find it helpful for exploring the diversity of solution SAS methods and applications. Chapter 3 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Life sciences. --- Molecular biology. --- Biotechnology. --- Proteins. --- Life Sciences. --- Protein Structure. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Systems biology --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Small-angle scattering. --- Small-angle x-ray scattering. --- Scattering, Small-angle x-ray --- X-ray small-angle scattering --- Small-angle scattering --- X-rays --- Low-angle scattering --- Scattering, Low-angle --- Scattering, Small-angle --- Scattering (Physics) --- Scattering --- Biochemistry. --- Medicine. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Composition --- Health Workforce --- Proteins .
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This PhD thesis characterises the damage that occurs in tungsten when it is exposed to a fusion-like environment. The book presents pioneering work on the use of grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) to measure nano-bubble formation in tungsten exposed to helium plasma. The phenomenon of nanoscale bubble formation within metals during helium plasma exposure can lead to undesirable changes in the material properties, such as complex nanoscale surface modification or a reduction in thermal conductivity. As a result of this work, it is now possible to quantify how nanobubble behaviour changes within different materials, and under different plasma conditions. In 2015 the author published the first GISAXS study of helium-induced nanobubble formation in tungsten, demonstrating the viability of using GISAXS for this work. This paper has generated significant interest from the international fusion community and was selected as one of the highlights for the journal Nuclear Fusion.
Small-angle x-ray scattering. --- Tungsten. --- Helium plasmas. --- Plasmas, Helium --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Wolfram --- Wolframium --- Chromium group --- Scattering, Small-angle x-ray --- X-ray small-angle scattering --- Small-angle scattering --- X-rays --- Scattering --- Crystallography. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Materials science. --- Force and energy. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Nuclear Fusion. --- Plasma Physics. --- Energy Materials. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Conservation of energy --- Correlation of forces --- Energy --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Fusion, Nuclear --- Fusion reactions --- Fusion --- Nuclear reactions --- Leptology --- Mineralogy --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Nanoscience
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Small-angle scattering --- Small-angle x-ray scattering --- X-ray crystallography --- #WSCH:MACR --- 535-34 --- 548.73 --- 535-34 Roentgen rays (X-rays) --- Roentgen rays (X-rays) --- Low-angle scattering --- Scattering, Low-angle --- Scattering, Small-angle --- Scattering (Physics) --- 548.73 X-ray analysis (Roentgen radiography) of crystals. X-ray investigation of properties. X-ray structure --- X-ray analysis (Roentgen radiography) of crystals. X-ray investigation of properties. X-ray structure --- Crystallography --- Scattering, Small-angle x-ray --- X-ray small-angle scattering --- X-rays --- Scientific applications --- Scattering --- Organic spectroscopy --- fysicochemie
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