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Thomas Adams explores the social context in which the French Enlightenment arose by focusing on the response of 18th-century French society to the problem of poverty, and examining the institutions which were established in this period to rehabilitate the poor.

Beggars --- Almshouses --- Benevolent institutions --- Charitable institutions --- Homes (Institutions) --- Poor farms --- Poorhouses --- Workhouses (Poorhouses) --- Asylums --- Charities --- Hospitals --- Institutional care --- Public institutions --- Public welfare --- Old age homes --- Mendicants --- Panhandlers --- Street people (Beggars) --- Poor --- Government policy --- History

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Painting, Dutch --- Charity in art. --- Portraits, Group. --- Art and society --- History --- Almshouses --- -Asylums --- -Charity in art --- Portraits, Group --- Homes (Institutions) --- Poor farms --- Poorhouses --- Workhouses (Poorhouses) --- Asylums --- Old age homes --- -Almshouses --- -Art and society --- Group portraits --- Portrait groups --- Benevolent institutions --- Charitable institutions --- Art --- Art and sociology --- Society and art --- Sociology and art --- -Social aspects --- Painting --- Iconography --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1700-1799 --- Netherlands --- Charity in art --- Portraits --- Charities --- Public institutions --- Public welfare --- Hospitals --- Institutional care --- Social aspects

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Almshouses providing accommodation for poor people are a common feature of the towns and villages of England, visible representations of historic attitudes towards the poor. The period after the Reformation saw not only the survival of many medieval institutions but also a remarkable number of new foundations, as people from many different backgrounds used their wealth to revive and remodel this ancient form of provision to meet new needs. This book addresses a neglected element of English welfare history, examining the role and significance of English almshouses in the period 1550 - 1725 andthe contribution they made within the developing welfare systems of the time.
Drawing on archival evidence, the book analyses why almshouses were founded and the reasons for the continuing popularity of this particular form of charity; who the occupants were; what benefits they received; and how residents were expected to live their lives. It challenges the assumption that Post-Reformationalmshouses were places of privilege for the respectable deserving poor and reveals a surprising variation in the socio-economic status of almspeople and their experience of almshouse life. The book places these findings in the context of the contemporary national and local debates about poverty and poor relief and argues that early modern almshouses took on a distinct and new identity within thechanged landscape of relief provision in post-Reformation England. Many almshouses played an integral role in the early welfare provision of their local communities, yet, ultimately, their significance was affected by the emergence of harsher public provision in the new workhouses of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

ANGELA NICHOLLS is Associate Fellow at the University of Warwick.

Almshouses --- Political science / public policy / social security. --- Political science / public policy / social services & welfare. --- History / europe / great britain. --- Almshouses. --- Great Britain --- England. --- Great Britain. --- History. --- England --- History --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- anno 1500-1799 --- Benevolent institutions --- Charitable institutions --- Homes (Institutions) --- Poor farms --- Poorhouses --- Workhouses (Poorhouses) --- Asylums --- Charities --- Hospitals --- Institutional care --- Public institutions --- Public welfare --- Old age homes --- Charitable institutions. --- Charity. --- Early Modern History. --- Eighteenth Century. --- European History. --- Nineteenth Centu. --- Old age. --- Philanthropy. --- Political History. --- Post-Reformation England. --- Poverty. --- Socio-Economics. --- Welfare history. --- Workhouses.

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Christian religious orders --- History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Bruges --- Architecture religieuse --- Flandre occidentale --- Religieuze bouwkunst --- West-Vlaanderen --- Almshouses --- Asiles d'indigents --- History --- Histoire --- Bâtiment, histoire --- Brugge --- Hospice --- 72 <493-17> --- -Almshouses --- -#GGSB: Geschiedenis (West-Vlaanderen) --- #BIBC:ruil --- kunstboek --- geschiedenis --- sociale huisvesting --- bejaarden --- armenzorg --- Brugge [gemeente in arrondissement Brugge - BE] --- iconografisch materiaal --- #A9412A --- #N9510 --- Benevolent institutions --- Charitable institutions --- Homes (Institutions) --- Poor farms --- Poorhouses --- Workhouses (Poorhouses) --- Asylums --- Charities --- Hospitals --- Institutional care --- Public institutions --- Public welfare --- Old age homes --- Architectuur. Bouwkunst--Vlaanderen. Vlaams Gewest. Nederlandstalige Gemeenschap in België --- History. --- 72 <493-17> Architectuur. Bouwkunst--Vlaanderen. Vlaams Gewest. Nederlandstalige Gemeenschap in België --- #GGSB: Geschiedenis (West-Vlaanderen) --- Geschiedenis (West-Vlaanderen) --- Almshouses - Belgium - Bruges --- Almshouses - Belgium - Bruges - History --- 710 --- religieuze bouwkunst --- bouwkunst --- architecture --- godshuizen

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History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- History of human medicine --- anno 1200-1499 --- anno 800-1199 --- Liege --- Assistance sociale --- Histoire locale --- Hôpitaux --- Liège (province) --- Luik (provincie) --- Maatschappelijk werk --- Plaatselijke geschiedenis --- Ziekenhuiswezen --- Poor --- Almshouses --- Hospitals, Medieval --- Pauvres --- Asiles d'indigents --- Hôpitaux médiévaux --- History --- Histoire --- België --- Luik --- 364.4 <493.6> "04/14" --- -949.36 LIEGE --- Medieval hospitals --- Hulpverlening. Bijstand--België, provincie Luik--Middeleeuwen --- Geschiedenis van België: prinsbisdom Luik; provincie Luik--(reg./lok.)--LIEGE --- History. --- 949.36 LIEGE Geschiedenis van België: prinsbisdom Luik; provincie Luik--(reg./lok.)--LIEGE --- 364.4 <493.6> "04/14" Hulpverlening. Bijstand--België, provincie Luik--Middeleeuwen --- België. --- Luik. --- Hôpitaux médiévaux --- Aide sociale --- Protection, assistance, etc. --- Aspect social --- Liège (Belgique) --- Conditions sociales --- Personnel médical --- 949.36 LIEGE --- Benevolent institutions --- Charitable institutions --- Homes (Institutions) --- Poor farms --- Poorhouses --- Workhouses (Poorhouses) --- Asylums --- Charities --- Hospitals --- Institutional care --- Public institutions --- Public welfare --- Old age homes --- Liège (Belgium) --- Poverty --- Leiden (Netherlands) --- 18th century --- Histoire. --- Conditions sociales. --- Personnel médical. --- Aide sociale. --- Hôpitaux. --- Hospitals, Medieval - Belgium - Liège - History --- Almshouses - Belgium - Liège - History --- Liège --- potentiel hospitalier --- institution --- bourgeoisie --- hôpital --- miséreux --- assistance