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Lesley Jeffries introduces a phenomenon which has not been given the attention it deserves - the contextual construction of oppositional meaning. These are opposites not recognisable as such out of context but that are clearly set up this way in the text concerned. The significance of oppositional meaning is well-known, and has been discussed by scholars for millennia, from Philosophy to Politics. But the main emphasis has always been on the conventional opposite: the opposite recognised by lexical semantics. Starting from socio-cultural viewpoints, moving to original research and then c
Opposition (Linguistics) --- Critical discourse analysis. --- CDA (Critical discourse analysis) --- Distinctive oppositions (Linguistics) --- Discourse analysis --- Binary principle (Linguistics) --- Diskurs. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES --- Opposition (Linguistics). --- Opposition. --- REFERENCE --- Semantische Analyse. --- Vocabulary. --- Word Lists. --- Opposition (logique) --- Sémantique. --- Analyse du discours. --- Critical discourse analysis
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The present book finds and collects absolutely new aspects of word frequency. First, eminent characteristics (such as the h-point, first used in scientometrics, the k-, m-, and n-points) are introduced - it can be shown that the geometry of word frequency is fundamentally based on them. Furthermore, various indicators of text properties are proposed for the first time, such as thematic concentration, autosemantic text compactness, autosemantic density, etc. In detail, the autosemantic structure of a given text is evaluated by means of a graph representation and its properties (according to a problem from network research). Special emphasis is given to the part-of-speech differentiation, which plays a significant role in stylistics. On the basis of a general theory, which has been developed especially for linguistic research, problems of the frequency structure of texts with respect to word occurrence are investigated and discussed in detail. Methodologically, specific reference is made to synergetic linguistics, including some exemplary analyses, showing that there are points of contact with this field. A separate chapter is dedicated to within-sentence word position; this issue considers grammar as well as language genesis; another chapter is dedicated to the type-token ratio, discussing all established methods and their relevance for word frequency analysis. All methods presented in the book are statistically tested; to this end, some new tests have been developed. All procedures and calculations are conducted for 20 languages, ranging from Polynesia, Indonesia, India, and Europe to a North American Indian language. The broad distribution of the data and texts from all genres allows generalizations with respect to language typology.
Language and languages --- Linguistics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Frequency counts of words --- Frequency word lists --- Word counts --- Word frequency --- Frequency (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Vocabulary --- Word frequency. --- Statistical methods --- Mathematical linguistics --- Linguistic Data. --- Statistic Analysis. --- Text Structure. --- Typology.
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There is a growing recognition that philosophy isn't unique to the West, that it didn't begin only with the classical Greeks, and that Greek philosophy was influenced by Near Eastern traditions. Yet even today there is a widespread assumption that what came before the Greeks was "before philosophy." In Philosophy before the Greeks, Marc Van De Mieroop, an acclaimed historian of the ancient Near East, presents a groundbreaking argument that, for three millennia before the Greeks, one Near Eastern people had a rich and sophisticated tradition of philosophy fully worthy of the name.In the first century BC, the Greek historian Diodorus of Sicily praised the Babylonians for their devotion to philosophy. Showing the justice of Diodorus's comment, this is the first book to argue that there were Babylonian philosophers and that they studied knowledge systematically using a coherent system of logic rooted in the practices of cuneiform script. Van De Mieroop uncovers Babylonian approaches to knowledge in three areas: the study of language, which in its analysis of the written word formed the basis of all logic; the art of divination, which interpreted communications between gods and humans; and the rules of law, which confirmed that royal justice was founded on truth.The result is an innovative intellectual history of the ancient Near Eastern world during the many centuries in which Babylonian philosophers inspired scholars throughout the region-until the first millennium BC, when the breakdown of this cosmopolitan system enabled others, including the Greeks, to develop alternative methods of philosophical reasoning.
Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy, Babylonian. --- Assurbanipal. --- Babylonia. --- Babylonian Creation Myth. --- Babylonian cosmopolis. --- Babylonian epistemology. --- Babylonian grammatology. --- Babylonian omen. --- Babylonian philosophers. --- Babylonian scholarship. --- Babylonian texts. --- Dadusha. --- Diodorus of Sicily. --- Greek philosophy. --- Hammurabi. --- Lipit-Eshtar. --- Mesopotamia. --- Near East. --- Ur-Namma. --- classical Greeks. --- creativity. --- cuneiform writing. --- divination. --- divinatory writings. --- empiricism. --- epistemology. --- exorcists. --- gods. --- hermeneutics. --- human beings. --- intellectual history. --- justice. --- kinship terms. --- knowledge. --- lamentation chanters. --- language. --- law codes. --- law. --- laws. --- lexical lists. --- lexicography. --- literate culture. --- omen lists. --- paradigm. --- philosophy. --- physicians. --- poetry. --- professional designations. --- rationalism. --- scribes. --- script. --- semiotic analysis. --- similitudes. --- social classes. --- structural analysis. --- syntagm. --- truth. --- universe. --- wisdom. --- word lists.
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De officiële Woordenlijst (ruim 110.000 woorden) met de spellingswjzigingen voorgeschreven door de Nederlandse en Vlaamse regeringen.
Dutch language --- Orthography and spelling --- Langue néerlandaise --- --Orthographe --- --1996 --- --Dutch language --- Nederlandse spelling. --- Nederlandse taal --- spelling --- woordenboeken. --- Orthography --- Nederlands --- Nederlandse spelling --- 801.3 --- #GROL:SEMI-Lz038=393 --- Woordenboeken --- dictionaries --- encyclopedias (IX.) --- #KVHB:Nederlands; woordenboeken --- #KVHA:Kantoor Engels --- #KVHA:Kantoor Italiaans --- #KVHA:Kantoor Duits --- #KVHA:Kantoor Nederlands --- #KVHA:Kantoor Spaans --- woordenboeken --- * 842 --- 831 --- linguïstiek (gez) --- 81.35 --- Spelling --- Taal --- 803.93 (03) --- Nederlands: spelling --- 801.3 Lexicografie. Woordenboeken --- Lexicografie. Woordenboeken --- 803.93 (03) Nederlands. Nederlandse taalkunde--Naslagwerken. Referentiewerken --- Nederlands. Nederlandse taalkunde--Naslagwerken. Referentiewerken --- Sect --- Prim --- Nederlands - spelling --- -801.3 --- S38/1520 --- #GGSB: Leeszaal --- #GGSB: Literatuur (letterkunde) --- #KVHB:Nederlands; spelling --- taalkunde --- 030.8 --- naslagwerk --- taal --- woordenboek --- 842 --- Woordenlijsten --- 439.31 --- Aa3.6nld --- Flemish language --- Netherlandic language --- Germanic languages --- -Lexicografie. Woordenboeken --- Works not related to China and the Far East--Dictionaries, textbooks, grammar,..: Dutch --- linguistique --- dictionnaires --- Spelling * --- 8 --- 801.3 =393 --- #A0103A --- 011 Verklarende woordenboeken. Algemeen --- (038) --- Woordenboeken ; Nederlandse taal ; spelling ; Groene boekje --- AA / International- internationaal --- 031 --- B23 - Dictionnaires/Maîtrise de la langue - Woordenboek/Taalbeheersing --- 911 --- 800.12 --- LZ * 842 --- Nederlands, spelling --- Nederlands, woordenlijsten --- Nederlands - woordenlijst --- nederlandse taal --- Nederlandse taal: spelling --- 801.3 =393 Lexicografie. Woordenboeken--Nederlands --- Lexicografie. Woordenboeken--Nederlands --- (Woordenboeken) --- Verklarende, etymologische woordenboeken. --- Woordenboeken en lexia --- Néerlandais (Langue) --- Orthographe --- Dictionaries --- Usage (linguistic) --- 439.313 --- Language Dutch Dictonaries --- Lexica --- #GROL:SEMI-Lz038 --- 831 NE --- Verklarende, etymologische woordenboeken --- naslagwerken --- ouvrages de reference --- Vocabularies --- Word Lists --- DUTCH --- DICTIONARIES --- Monograph --- Dutch. --- Encyclopedias and dictionaries. --- Books of knowledge --- Cyclopedias --- Encyclopedias and dictionaries, English --- Knowledge, Books of --- Subject dictionaries --- Reference books --- Dutchmen (Dutch people) --- Hollanders --- Ethnology --- --Taal --- Woordenboeken. --- Therapie --- Dialect --- Etymologie --- Fonetiek --- Idioom --- Zinsleer --- Linguïstiek --- Kleuter --- Geschiedenis --- Spraaktechnologie --- Vlaams --- Vlaanderen --- Emigratie --- --Nederlandse spelling. --- Leeszaal --- Literatuur (letterkunde) --- Linguistics --- linguïstiek --- -Orthography and spelling --- -Nederlandse spelling. --- NEERLANDAIS (LANGUE) --- ORTHOGRAPHE --- -Taal --- -Dutch language
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