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Breaching the Bronze Wall deals with the idea that the word of honorable Muslims constituted proof and with the concept that written documents and the word of non-Muslims were inferior. Foreign merchants in cities like Istanbul, Damascus or Alexandria could barely prove any claim, as neither their contracts nor their words were of any value if countered by Muslims. Francisco Apellániz explores how both groups labored to overcome these ‘biases against non-Muslims’ in the courts and markets of Mamluk Egypt and Syria of the 14th and 15th centuries, and how the Ottoman conquest (1517) imposed a new, orthodox view on the problem. The book dives into the Middle Eastern archive and the Ottoman Dīvān , and scrutinizes the intricacies of sharia and the handling of these intracacies by consuls, dragomans, qaḍīs and other legal actors.
History. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Muslims. --- Islam. --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims --- Mohammedans --- Moors (People) --- Moslems --- Muhammadans --- Musalmans --- Mussalmans --- Mussulmans --- Mussulmen --- Religious adherents --- Islam --- Middle Eastern history --- Egypt --- Syria --- Turkey --- History --- Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918 --- Authentication --- Dhimmis (Islamic law) --- Merchants --- Witnesses (Islamic law) --- Legal status, laws, etc.
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Islam's tense relationship with modernity is one of the most crucial issues of our time. Within Islamic legal systems, with their traditional preference for eyewitness testimony, this struggle has played a significant role in attitudes toward expert witnesses. Utilizing a uniquely comparative approach, Ron Shaham here examines the evolution of the role of such witnesses in a number of Arab countries from the premodern period to the present. Shaham begins with a history of expert testimony in medieval Islamic culture, analyzing the different roles played by male experts, especially physicians and architects, and females, particularly midwives. From there, he focuses on the case of Egypt, tracing the country's reform of its traditional legal system along European lines beginning in the late nineteenth century. Returning to a broader perspective, Shaham draws on a variety of legal and historical sources to place the phenomenon of expert testimony in cultural context. A truly comprehensive resource, The Expert Witness in Islamic Courts will be sought out by a broad spectrum of scholars working in history, religion, gender studies, and law.
Dna fingerprinting --- Dna fingerprinting (islamic law). --- Evidence (islamic law). --- Evidence, expert. --- Expert testimony --- Islamic courts. --- Jurisprudence --- Medical jurisprudence (islamic law). --- Witnesses (islamic law). --- Medical jurisprudence (Islamic law) --- Evidence (Islamic law) --- Evidence, Expert. --- DNA fingerprinting (Islamic law) --- witness, courts, testimony, expertise, knowledge, modernity, islam, religion, legal process, eyewitness, physicians, authority, midwife, architects, egypt, reform, nonfiction, history, gender, law, evidence, dna, fingerprinting, science, paternity, reason, power, language, control, firsthand, experience, perspective, professionalism.
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