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This book is the authoritative statement from the BMA Medical Ethics Department on one of the most fundamental and contentious issues for health care professionals, of when to withhold or withdraw life-prolonging treatment.

Professional ethics. Deontology --- Human medicine --- Great Britain --- Life support systems (Critical care) --- Medical ethics --- Terminal care --- Terminal Care --- Withholding Treatment --- Decision Making --- standards

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Most neonates who now survive intensive care would have died 50 years ago, and “nature” would have decided the outcomes, making ethical discussions about initiating or withholding resuscitation irrelevant. Medical developments in neonatology have changed the way we respond to diseases of neonates, to their illness, and to their parents. Not only as physicians, but also as a society.Decisions on when to start, withhold, or withdraw life-saving interventions in critically ill neonates are among the most difficult decisions in pediatric practice. These decisions are fraught with ethical dilemmas, for example deciding whether withholding intensive care –leading to death- is superior to uncertain survival with a risk of disability and the additional burden of intensive care. This book covers important ethical questions that arise in neonatal intensive care units. Questions such as, whether to intervene medically and whether we are good at predicting the outcome of fragile neonates; whether a medical intervention should be withheld or withdrawn, and who should be primarily responsible for these decisions and how?

Infant --- Withholding Treatment --- Critical Illness --- Intensive Care Units, Neonatal --- Critical Care --- Bioethical Issues --- Patient Care --- Ethics --- Age Groups --- Disease Attributes --- Intensive Care Units, Pediatric --- Humanities --- Pathologic Processes --- Intensive Care Units --- Persons --- Therapeutics --- Health Services --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Named Groups --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Hospital Units --- Health Facilities --- Health Care --- Diseases --- Pediatrics --- Newborn infants --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Decision making. --- Diseases. --- Paediatrics --- Pediatric medicine --- Medicine --- Children --- Health and hygiene --- Ethics. --- Pediatrics. --- Family. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Families. --- Families—Social aspects. --- Family --- Families --- Family life --- Family relationships --- Family structure --- Relationships, Family --- Structure, Family --- Social institutions --- Birth order --- Domestic relations --- Home --- Households --- Kinship --- Marriage --- Matriarchy --- Parenthood --- Patriarchy --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- Pediatrics - Moral and ethical aspects --- Pediatrics - Decision making --- Newborn infants - Diseases --- Critical Care - ethics --- Intensive Care Units, Neonatal - ethics --- Withholding Treatment - ethics

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MEDICAL --- Surgery / General --- Therapeutics --- Patient Care --- Health Services --- Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic --- Transplantation --- Pathologic Processes --- Sociology --- Ethics, Clinical --- Psychology, Social --- Persons --- Thinking --- Heart Diseases --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Mental Processes --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Ethics, Professional --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Social Sciences --- Named Groups --- Health Care --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Ethics --- Diseases --- Quality of Health Care --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Humanities --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Withholding Treatment --- Death --- Organ Transplantation --- Clinical Protocols --- Heart Arrest --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Ethics, Medical --- Cadaver --- Family --- Tissue Donors --- Decision Making --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Transplantation of Organs & Tissues --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Donation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Anatomical gifts --- Organ donation --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Tissue donation --- Tissues --- Medical transplantation --- Organ transplantation --- Organ transplants --- Surgical transplantation --- Tissue transplantation --- Transplants, Organ --- Donation --- Surgery --- Preservation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. --- Transplant surgery --- Transplantation surgery --- Medical ethics. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Every day, thousands of people quietly face decisions as agonizing as those made famous in the Terri Schiavo case. Throughout that controversy, all kinds of people--politicians, religious leaders, legal and medical experts--made emphatic statements about the facts and offered even more certain opinions about what should be done. To many, courts were either ordering Terri's death by starvation or vindicating her constitutional rights. Both sides called for simple answers. If That Ever Happens to Me details why these simple answers were not right for Terri Schiavo and why they are not rig

Decision Making -- ethics. --- Enteral Nutrition -- ethics. --- Euthanasia. --- Euthanasia, Passive -- ethics. --- Life Support Care -- ethics. --- Persistent Vegetative State. --- Right to die. --- Schiavo, Terri, 1963-2005. --- Schiavo, Terri. --- Terminal care. --- Withholding Treatment -- legislation & jurisprudence. --- Terminal care --- Right to die --- Euthanasia --- Euthanasia, Passive --- Life Support Care --- Withholding Treatment --- Enteral Nutrition --- Persistent Vegetative State --- Decision Making --- Ethics --- Nutritional Support --- Patient Care --- Unconsciousness --- Morals --- Brain Damage, Chronic --- Thinking --- Feeding Methods --- Therapeutics --- Health Services --- Mental Processes --- Nutrition Therapy --- Terminal Care --- Consciousness Disorders --- Brain Diseases --- Psychology, Social --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Neurobehavioral Manifestations --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Care --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Nervous System Diseases --- Neurologic Manifestations --- Diseases --- Signs and Symptoms --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Palliative Care --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Schiavo, Terri, --- Death, Right to --- Death with dignity --- Natural death (Right to die) --- End-of-life care --- Terminally ill --- Assisted death (Euthanasia) --- Assisted dying (Euthanasia) --- Death, Assisted (Euthanasia) --- Death, Mercy --- Dying, Assisted (Euthanasia) --- Killing, Mercy --- Mercy death --- Mercy killing --- Care and treatment --- Medical care --- Schindler-Schiavo, Terri, --- Schindler, Theresa Marie, --- Death --- Life and death, Power over --- Advance directives (Medical care) --- Do-not-resuscitate orders --- Suicide --- Care of the sick --- Critical care medicine --- Homicide --- Medical ethics --- Assisted suicide --- legislation & jurisprudence. --- ethics. --- PVS (Persistent Vegetative State) --- Persistent Unawareness State --- Post-Comatose Unawareness State --- Post-Traumatic Unawareness State --- Postcomatose Unawareness State --- Posttraumatic Unawareness State --- Prolonged Post-Traumatic Unawareness --- Transient Vegetative State --- Vegetative State --- Minimally Conscious State --- Permanent Vegetative State --- Post-Traumatic Vegetative State --- Vegetative State, Persistent --- Minimally Conscious States --- PVSs (Persistent Vegetative State) --- Permanent Vegetative States --- Persistent Unawareness States --- Persistent Vegetative States --- Post Comatose Unawareness State --- Post Traumatic Unawareness State --- Post Traumatic Vegetative State --- Post-Comatose Unawareness States --- Post-Traumatic Unawareness States --- Post-Traumatic Unawareness, Prolonged --- Post-Traumatic Unawarenesses, Prolonged --- Post-Traumatic Vegetative States --- Postcomatose Unawareness States --- Posttraumatic Unawareness States --- Prolonged Post Traumatic Unawareness --- Prolonged Post-Traumatic Unawarenesses --- State, Minimally Conscious --- State, Permanent Vegetative --- State, Persistent Unawareness --- State, Persistent Vegetative --- State, Post-Comatose Unawareness --- State, Post-Traumatic Unawareness --- State, Post-Traumatic Vegetative --- State, Postcomatose Unawareness --- State, Posttraumatic Unawareness --- State, Transient Vegetative --- State, Vegetative --- States, Minimally Conscious --- States, Permanent Vegetative --- States, Persistent Unawareness --- States, Persistent Vegetative --- States, Post-Comatose Unawareness --- States, Post-Traumatic Unawareness --- States, Post-Traumatic Vegetative --- States, Postcomatose Unawareness --- States, Posttraumatic Unawareness --- States, Transient Vegetative --- States, Vegetative --- Transient Vegetative States --- Unawareness State, Persistent --- Unawareness State, Post-Comatose --- Unawareness State, Post-Traumatic --- Unawareness State, Postcomatose --- Unawareness State, Posttraumatic --- Unawareness States, Persistent --- Unawareness States, Post-Comatose --- Unawareness States, Post-Traumatic --- Unawareness States, Postcomatose --- Unawareness States, Posttraumatic --- Unawareness, Prolonged Post-Traumatic --- Unawarenesses, Prolonged Post-Traumatic --- Vegetative State, Permanent --- Vegetative State, Post-Traumatic --- Vegetative State, Transient --- Vegetative States --- Vegetative States, Permanent --- Vegetative States, Persistent --- Vegetative States, Post-Traumatic --- Vegetative States, Transient --- Akinetic Mutism --- Coma --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Minimally conscious state --- Permanent vegetative state --- Persistent unawareness state --- Post-traumatic vegetative state --- Posttraumatic vegetative state --- PVS (Persistent vegetative state) --- Unawareness state, Persistent --- Vegetative state, Persistent --- Brain damage --- Loss of consciousness --- Decision making

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Before a separate Department of Medical Humanities was formed, the editors of this volume were faculty members of the Department of Pediatrics at our medical school. Colleagues daily spoke of the moral and social problems of children's health care. Our offices were near the examining rooms where children had their bone-marrow procedures done. Since this is a painful test, we often heard them cry. The hospital floor where the sickest children stayed was also nearby. The physicians, nurses, and social workers believed that children's health care needs were not being met and that more could and should be done. Fewer resources are available for a child than for an adult with a comparable illness, they said. These experiences prompted us to prepare this volume and to ask whether children do get their fair share of the health care dollar. Since the question "What kind of health care do we owe to our children?" is complex, responses should be rooted in many disciplines. These include philosophy, law, public policy and, of course, the health professions. Representing all of these disciplines, contributors to this volume reflect on moral and social issues in children's health care. The last hundred years have brought great changes in health care tor children. The specialty of pediatrics developed during this period, and with it, a new group of advocates for children's health care. Women's suffrage gave a political boost to the recognition of children's special health needs.

Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Nuclear Family --- Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities --- Organizations --- Investigative Techniques --- Human Rights --- Forensic Psychiatry --- Health Services --- Reproductive Techniques --- Sociology --- Patient Acceptance of Health Care --- Withholding Treatment --- Age Groups --- Patient Rights --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Patient Care Management --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Thinking --- Professional-Patient Relations --- Ethics, Clinical --- Persons --- Social Control Policies --- Health Personnel --- Obstetric Surgical Procedures --- Attitude --- Social Sciences --- Pathologic Processes --- Health Behavior --- Euthanasia --- Transplantation --- Research --- Biomedical Research --- Social Welfare --- Medicine --- Therapeutics --- Community Health Services --- Diseases --- Interpersonal Relations --- Family --- Health Occupations --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Named Groups --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Ethics, Professional --- Science --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Health Care --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Psychiatry --- Health Services Administration --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Ethics --- Occupational Groups --- Mental Processes --- Policy --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Behavior --- Behavioral Sciences --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Humanities --- Psychology, Social --- Philosophy --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Commitment of Mentally Ill --- Delivery of Health Care --- Social Control, Formal --- Treatment Refusal --- Attitude to Health --- Child Advocacy --- Euthanasia, Passive --- Health Policy --- Public Policy --- Terminal Care --- Ethics, Medical --- Government Regulation --- Infant, Newborn, Diseases --- Personal Autonomy --- Government --- Infant --- Minors --- Physician-Patient Relations --- State Government --- Abortion, Induced --- Human Experimentation --- Jurisprudence --- Patient Advocacy --- Congenital Abnormalities --- Informed Consent --- Adolescent --- Child --- Federal Government --- Parents --- Decision Making --- Pediatrics --- Infant, Newborn --- Third-Party Consent --- Child Welfare --- Patient Care --- Physicians --- Freedom --- Child Health Services --- Death --- Organ Transplantation --- Contraception --- Terminally Ill --- Child health services --- Decision making in children --- Health behavior in children --- Government policy --- Social aspects --- -Child health services --- -Health behavior in children --- -Decision making in children --- -#GBIB:CBMER --- Child psychology --- Child health behavior --- Child health habits --- Children --- Maternal and child health services --- Mother and child health services --- Medical care --- -Congresses --- Congresses --- Services for --- Philosophy. --- Internal medicine. --- Pediatrics. --- Medical ethics. --- Philosophy of Medicine. --- Internal Medicine. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- United States --- Medicine-Philosophy. --- #GBIB:CBMER --- Government policy&delete& --- Social aspects&delete& --- Medicine—Philosophy.