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"Carl Gustav Hempel (1905-1997) was one of the preeminent figures in the philosophical movement of logical empiricism. He was a member of both the Berlin and Vienna Circles, fled Germany in 1934, and finally settled in the United States, where he taught for forty-five years in New York, New Haven, Princeton, and Pittsburgh." "The essays in this collection come from the early and late periods of Hempel's career and chart his intellectual odyssey from a commitment to rigorous logical positivism in the 1930s (when Hempel allied himself closely with Carnap) to a more sociological approach that was close in spirit to the work of Neurath and Kuhn."--Jacket.
Empiricism. --- Empirisme. --- Philosophie. --- Philosophy. --- Taalfilosofie. --- Wiener Kreis.
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Après la Première Guerre mondiale, quelques-uns des esprits les plus brillants se sont réunis à Vienne pour examiner les idées fondamentales des mathématiques, de la philosophie et de la physique depuis l'Antiquité. Inspirés par la théorie de la relativité d'Albert Einstein, et des recherches de Bertrand Russell sur les fondements des mathématiques, ces jeunes chercheurs avaient l'ambition de formuler une conception scientifique du monde qui renonce au jargon obscur de la philosophie traditionnelle. Ils ont appelé leur groupe le Cercle de Vienne. Les membres fondateurs du Cercle – le philosophe Moritz Schlick, l'économiste Otto Neurath et le mathématicien Hans Hahn – se sont donné pour tâche de créer une philosophie entièrement dépourvue de métaphysique. D'autres chercheurs extraordinaires, comme le mathématicien Kurt Gödel, se sont bientôt joints à leurs discussions régulières. Le Tractatus logico-philosophicus de Ludwig Wittgenstein est devenu une source d'inspiration puissante. Au fil des années, les écrits des membres du Cercle ont entièrement transformé la manière traditionnelle de comprendre le monde. Leur influence reste importante jusqu'à aujourd'hui. Mais la Vienne de l'entre-deux-guerres a aussi donné lieu à des passions politiques. Le fascisme a finalement mis un terme aux recherches de ces penseurs qui se sont engagés sans exception pour les valeurs progressistes. Schlick a été assassiné, les autres ont dû s'exiler. Ce livre raconte leur histoire intellectuelle et personnelle.
Philosophie et sciences. --- Wiener Kreis. --- Science and philosophy --- Vienna circle
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Vienna circle. --- Logical positivism. --- Philosophy and science --- Institut Wiener Kreis.
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Philosophy, Austrian --- Philosophy, Austrian. --- Vienna circle. --- Wiener Kreis. --- 1900-1999.
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Logical positivism --- Naturalism --- Neurath, Otto, --- Institut Wiener Kreis.
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Logical positivism --- Naturalism --- Neurath, Otto, --- Institut Wiener Kreis.
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The Institute Vienna Circle held a conference in Vienna in 2003, Cambridge and Vienna – Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, to commemorate the philosophical and scientific work of Frank Plumpton Ramsey (1903–1930). This Ramsey conference provided not only historical and biographical perspectives on one of the most gifted thinkers of the Twentieth Century, but also new impulses for further research on at least some of the topics pioneered by Ramsey, whose interest and potential are greater than ever. Ramsey did pioneering work in several fields, practitioners of which rarely know of his important work in other fields: philosophy of logic and theory of language, foundations of mathematics, mathematics, probability theory, methodology of science, philosophy of psychology, and economics. There was a focus on the one topic which was of strongest mutual concern to Ramsey and the Vienna Circle, namely the question of foundations of mathematics, in particular the status of logicism. Although the major scientific connection linking Ramsey with Austria is his work on logic, to which the Vienna Circle dedicated several meetings, certainly the connection which is of greater general interest concerns Ramsey's visits and discussions with Wittgenstein. Ramsey was the only important thinker to actually visit Wittgenstein during his school-teaching career in Puchberg and Ottertal in the 1920s, in Lower Austria; and later, Ramsey was instrumental in getting Wittgenstein positions at Cambridge.
Vienna circle --- Ramsey, Frank Plumpton, --- Viennese circle --- Wiener Kreis --- Ramsey, F. P. --- Philosophers --- Logical positivism
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