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Western Balkans --- education --- social sciences --- sociology --- international relations --- law --- western balkans

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Resistance features a selection of overtly non-conformist positions in the contemporary visual art scene of Albania vis-à-vis the most recent social, political, and economic turmoils in the Western Balkans – a region marked by the dark side of political governances that have remained “democratic” in their outward appearance (especially toward the European Union), while dramatically leaning toward autocratic regimes in the eyes of their own citizens.Regardless of their citizens’ primary interests, and despite some positive signals surfacing in the international media, almost every attempt to establish lasting conditions for democratic governance in the Western Balkans has been shrouded in the veil of profit-driven political scandals, personal greed for more and more power over the people’s rights, and the extinction of public property in pursuit of social elite’s corporate and private interests. Additionally, and more specifically related to Tirana, artists and citizens have, over the years, been involved in various types of revolt, expressing their disagreements with the ongoing destruction of public property in the name of “modernization and development”: a movement led by local political powers through financially and strategically motivated processes of architectural cannibalism – not only at the expense of erasing Albanian cultural heritage or long-term residents’ habitats, but also at the expense of taking human lives under the pretext of “urbanization.” The most obvious instance of this economy of destruction was the complex of buildings linked to the National Theater of Albania in downtown Tirana that has served as a symbolic and material place of citizens’ resistance: for more than two years, together with local artists, they have been opposing the government’s plans to demolish the old complex in order to build a new one – until this finally happened in Spring 2020, in the midst of the ongoing COVID19 pandemic.Rooted in the atmosphere of the National Theater Protests in Tirana, RESISTANCE was conceived in Summer 2019 by ZETA Center for Contemporary Art as the International Artists-in-Residence Program, in cooperation with three partner organizations from Kosovo, Serbia and North Macedonia (Stacion – Center for Contemporary Art in Prishtina; Ilija & Mangelos Foundation in Novi Sad; and Faculty of Things That Can’t Be Learned in Bitola) and supported by Swiss Cultural Fund in Albania, a project of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Gradually, the project expanded into an exhibition (Heterotopias of Resistance, curated by Blerta Hoçia and featuring works by Lori Lako, Fatlum Doçi, Edona Kryeziu, Nina Galiç, Darko Vukiç, Nikola Slavevski, and Natasha Nedelkova) and a series of interviews and panel discussions (with contributions by Lindita Komani, Edmond Budina, Ervin Goci, Ergin Zaloshnja, Pleurad Xhafa, Gentian Shkurti, Stefano Romano, Luçjan Bedeni, HAVEIT, Leonard Qylafi, Jonida Gashi, and Fatmira Nikolli). The results of both have been collected and presented in the format of a publication that, besides serving as an indispensable reading material concerning visual arts and politics in contemporary Albania, especially to those abroad, functions by itself as a form of resistance against contagious cultural policies in weak post-socialist “democracies” in Southeastern Europe.

Exhibition catalogues & specific collections --- Albania;art residency;political activism;political art;protest;resistance;Western Balkans

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Resistance features a selection of overtly non-conformist positions in the contemporary visual art scene of Albania vis-à-vis the most recent social, political, and economic turmoils in the Western Balkans – a region marked by the dark side of political governances that have remained “democratic” in their outward appearance (especially toward the European Union), while dramatically leaning toward autocratic regimes in the eyes of their own citizens.Regardless of their citizens’ primary interests, and despite some positive signals surfacing in the international media, almost every attempt to establish lasting conditions for democratic governance in the Western Balkans has been shrouded in the veil of profit-driven political scandals, personal greed for more and more power over the people’s rights, and the extinction of public property in pursuit of social elite’s corporate and private interests. Additionally, and more specifically related to Tirana, artists and citizens have, over the years, been involved in various types of revolt, expressing their disagreements with the ongoing destruction of public property in the name of “modernization and development”: a movement led by local political powers through financially and strategically motivated processes of architectural cannibalism – not only at the expense of erasing Albanian cultural heritage or long-term residents’ habitats, but also at the expense of taking human lives under the pretext of “urbanization.” The most obvious instance of this economy of destruction was the complex of buildings linked to the National Theater of Albania in downtown Tirana that has served as a symbolic and material place of citizens’ resistance: for more than two years, together with local artists, they have been opposing the government’s plans to demolish the old complex in order to build a new one – until this finally happened in Spring 2020, in the midst of the ongoing COVID19 pandemic.Rooted in the atmosphere of the National Theater Protests in Tirana, RESISTANCE was conceived in Summer 2019 by ZETA Center for Contemporary Art as the International Artists-in-Residence Program, in cooperation with three partner organizations from Kosovo, Serbia and North Macedonia (Stacion – Center for Contemporary Art in Prishtina; Ilija & Mangelos Foundation in Novi Sad; and Faculty of Things That Can’t Be Learned in Bitola) and supported by Swiss Cultural Fund in Albania, a project of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Gradually, the project expanded into an exhibition (Heterotopias of Resistance, curated by Blerta Hoçia and featuring works by Lori Lako, Fatlum Doçi, Edona Kryeziu, Nina Galiç, Darko Vukiç, Nikola Slavevski, and Natasha Nedelkova) and a series of interviews and panel discussions (with contributions by Lindita Komani, Edmond Budina, Ervin Goci, Ergin Zaloshnja, Pleurad Xhafa, Gentian Shkurti, Stefano Romano, Luçjan Bedeni, HAVEIT, Leonard Qylafi, Jonida Gashi, and Fatmira Nikolli). The results of both have been collected and presented in the format of a publication that, besides serving as an indispensable reading material concerning visual arts and politics in contemporary Albania, especially to those abroad, functions by itself as a form of resistance against contagious cultural policies in weak post-socialist “democracies” in Southeastern Europe.

Albania;art residency;political activism;political art;protest;resistance;Western Balkans

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This books draws a comparative balance of twenty years' international media assistance in the five countries of the Western Balkans. The central question was what happens to imported models when they are transposed onto the newly evolving media systems of transitional societies. Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia undertook a range of media reforms to conform with accession requirements of the European Union and the standards of the Council of Europe, among others. The essays explore the nexus between the democratic transformation of the media and international media assistance. The cross-national analysis concludes that the effects of international assistance are highly constrained by the local context. From today's vantage point it becomes obvious, that scaling media assistance does not necessarily improve outcomes. The experiences in the region suggest that imported solutions have not been very cognitive in all aspects of local conditions but international strategies tent to be rather schematic and lacked strategic approaches to promote media policy stability, credible media reform and implementation. The book offers valuable insights into the nature and effects of media assistance and the strategies deployed by international aid agencies, local political forces, media professionals, civil society organizations and other actors.

Technical assistance, European --- Technical assistance, American --- Democratization --- Mass media --- Mass media policy --- Mass communication --- Media, Mass --- Media, The --- Communication --- Mass media and state --- State and mass media --- Communication policy --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- American technical assistance --- Political aspects --- History. --- Social aspects --- Government policy --- 21st century, Balkan, Media, Media politics, Media regulation, Transition, Western Balkans.

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This book presents thorough up-to-date scholarship on the often misunderstood and neglected Balkan Wars of 1912 to 1913, which contributed to the outbreak of World War I. The wars represented a pivotal moment that had a long-lasting impact on the regional state system and fundamentally transformed the beleaguered Ottoman Empire in the process.

BPB1402 --- Guerre --- Nationalisme --- Balkans --- Histoire --- Oorlog --- Balkan --- Geschiedenis --- HistoireOorlog --- History of Southern Europe --- anno 1910-1919 --- Turkey --- Balkan Peninsula --- Nationalism --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- History --- Bulgaria --- Serbia --- национализъм --- kansallisuusaate --- nazzjonaliżmu --- nationalism --- nacionalizam --- nacionalismus --- nacionālisms --- национализам --- nacionalizëm --- Nationalismus --- nacionalizmus --- naționalism --- nationalisme --- nacionalismo --- nacionalizem --- rahvuslus --- nazionalismo --- nacjonalizm --- εθνικισμός --- nacionalizmas --- σωβινισμός --- sciovinismo --- sovinizmus --- шовинизъм --- chovinismo --- chauvinisme --- Chauvinismus --- шовинизам --- şovinism --- szowinizm --- sovinismi --- chauvinismo --- šovinizmas --- šovinismus --- šovinism --- chauvinism --- šovinizam --- História --- ιστορία --- storja --- histori --- historie --- historia --- história --- история --- stair --- geschiedenis --- történettudomány --- povijest --- zgodovina --- history --- историја --- Geschichtswissenschaft --- storia --- istorija --- ajalugu --- vēsture --- istorie --- Geschichte --- historiografie --- storiografia --- dějiny národů --- historiador --- dějepis --- historická věda --- történelem --- Balcanes Occidentales --- Vestbalkan --- Nyugat-Balkán --- Balcanii de Vest --- västra Balkan --- Westlicher Balkan --- Western Balkans --- Δυτικά Βαλκάνια --- Западни Балкани --- Западни Балкан --- Ballkani Perëndimor --- Lääne-Balkan --- Länsi-Balkan --- Западен Балкан --- il-Balkani tal-Punent --- západní Balkán --- Vakarų Balkanai --- westelijke Balkan --- Bałkany Zachodnie --- Balcãs Ocidentais --- Zapadni Balkan --- Zahodni Balkan --- Rietumbalkāni --- západný Balkán --- Balcani occidentali --- држави од Западен Балкан --- Европа на Балканите --- countries of the Western Balkans --- nyugat-balkáni államok --- регион на Западен Балкан --- Balkan countries --- península de los Balcanes --- il-Balkani --- vendet në Ballkanin Perëndimor --- Балкани --- западнобалкански држави --- Nyugat-Balkán országai --- balkánská Evropa --- jihovýchodní Evropa --- zemlje Zapadnoga Balkana --- kraje Bałkanów Zachodnich --- pays des Balkans occidentaux --- země západního Balkánu --- Balcãs --- Balkanland --- vend i Ballkanit Perëndimor --- Balkani riigid --- Ewropa tal-Balkani --- Europa de los Balcanes --- Βαλκάνια --- балкански држави --- Western Balkan countries --- Balkāni --- Europe des Balkans --- Vakarų Balkanų valstybės --- paesi dei Balcani occidentali --- балканске земље --- länderna på västra Balkan --- Europa dei Balcani --- vendet e Ballkanit --- de vestlige Balkanlande --- Југоисточна Европа --- Europa Balcânica --- balkáni államok --- balkánské státy --- Balkánský poloostrov --- Western Balkan region --- země Balkánského poloostrova --- Bałkany --- Länsi-Balkanin maat --- țările din Balcanii de Vest --- balkánska oblasť Európy --- Ευρώπη των Βαλκανίων --- Balkanstaaten --- страни от Западните Балкани --- país balcánico occidental --- Balkanlandene --- Balcanii Occidentali --- Balcani --- Vakarų Balkanų šalys --- balkánské země --- Balkanländer --- țările din Balcanii Occidentali --- Balkán-félsziget --- státy Balkánu --- Western Balkan country --- Balcanes --- Balkán --- Lääne-Balkani riigid --- krajiny západného Balkánu --- países balcânicos --- paesi balcanici --- Balkānu valstis --- države Zahodnega Balkana --- Балкански Полуостров --- Balkani maad --- países dos Balcãs Ocidentais --- pajjiżi tal-Balkani tal-Punent --- Balkanschiereiland --- rajoni i Ballkanit Perëndimor --- Χώρες των Δυτικών Βαλκανίων --- vendet e Ballkanit Perëndimor --- Westliche Balkanländer --- земље Западног Балкана --- countries in the Western Balkans --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- náisiúnachas --- Na Balcáin Thiar --- cogadh