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As China transitions to a market economy, municipal utilities are evolving into commercially viable companies under government oversight. Great challenges confront the reform process for China's water utilities, including rapid urbanization and emerging inequality, coupled with severe water scarcity and degradation. Cities and their water utilities must provide services within a complex mosaic of policies and regulations provided by national and provincial governments. In China, as throughout the world, water is also a sensitive political issue. Governments are keen to provide good water service

Electronic books. --- Water utilities. --- Water utilities --- Urban policy --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Industrial Management --- Water companies --- Public utilities --- Water-supply

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This statement in the most recent Human Development Report articulates a convention that has increasingly gained ground in the water community over recent years: the key challenge in the water sector is not a lack of water, knowledge, financial resources or technology. In general, it is the political sphere that determines whether or not water problems are solved, whether or not people have access to drinking water, irrigation water and sanitation, whether our natural resource base is developed sustainable or over-exploited, and whether new challenges for the water sector – such as adaptation to climate change – will be tackled or not. Politics (the process of decision-making of groups of people, involving the authoritative allocation of e.g. resources), the actors, their interests and interactions determine whether progress is made or hindered. The outcome of water politics is then reelected in water policies, the substantive outcome of the political interplay in terms of regulations, action programs or spending priorities of the various public or private entities concerned.

Water-supply --- Water resources development --- Water utilities --- Management --- Political aspects. --- Management. --- Finance. --- Water companies --- Public utilities --- Energy development --- Natural resources --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources

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A major challenge facing the Republic of Buryatia, subject of the Russian Federation, is how to balance the task of protecting Lake Baikal – a unique water object and ecological system included in the UNESCO list of World Natural Heritage Areas – with the need for dynamic and sustainable socio-economic development of the republic.  This requires streamlining and improving water policy jointly with economic, administrative, information and other policy instruments. The recommendations in this report aim to help achieve this objective. They include the introduction of abstraction charges for irrigation water as a  natural resource; enhancement of state support to the water sector; and improvement of economic instruments for managing risks of water-related hazards (such as compulsory insurance and differentiated land tax rates in flood prone areas). A few innovative instruments are also recommended for pilot testing such as establishing limits for discharges of certain hazardous substances in a pilot area (e.g. Selenga river basin) and progressive development of market for tradable quotas for discharges of the “capped” pollutants; and introducing a charge (tax) on toxic agricultural chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, etc.) and synthetic detergents so that to create incentives for the reduction of diffuse water pollution.

Water-supply --- Management. --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water resources development --- Water utilities --- Energy development --- Water companies --- Russian Federation

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Water has been dubbed the "oil of the 21st century" because of its increasing global scarcity. In Southeast Asia, water resources have been strained by the greater demand from different sectors such as agriculture, industry and domestic users. This situation is only likely to worsen in the future if active measures are not taken now. Is there a standard framework that can be adopted to promote cooperation in the use of water among countries? Could clearer institutions in river basins provide the backdrop for a more effective water management strategy in Southeast Asia? Does private sector involvement or privatization resolve some of the "public good" woes of water management? How does a sense of security and ownership enhance sustainability measures in a country? How have civil groups been able to promote effective water management in a country? How have water shortages been overcome in a predominantly urban city state? How have water pollution problems been resolved? Is there a potential for water conflicts in the years to come? What are some of the issues involved in sustainable watershed management? This publication draws from regional and country studies of the Mekong Basin, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines to understand the political and socio-economic dynamics involved in water management. It is a must read for anyone interested in water management issues in the region, understanding the past and present and also looking to future trends.

Water-supply --- Water utilities --- Water resources development --- Energy development --- Natural resources --- Water companies --- Public utilities --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources

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POLITICAL SCIENCE --- Public Affairs & Administration --- Waterbedrijven: USA --- Waterbedrijven: USA. --- Water utilities --- Water-supply --- Sewage disposal --- Privatization --- Economic aspects --- Water companies --- Waste disposal --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Public utilities --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Natural resources --- Water resources development