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In November 1993, the largest public housing project in the Puerto Rican city of Ponce-the second largest public housing authority in the U.S. federal system-became a gated community. Once the exclusive privilege of the city's affluent residents, gates now not only locked "undesirables" out but also shut them in. Ubiquitous and inescapable, gates continue to dominate present-day Ponce, delineating space within government and commercial buildings, schools, prisons, housing developments, parks, and churches. In Locked In, Locked Out, Zaire Zenit Dinzey-Flores shows how such gates operate as physical and symbolic ways to distribute power, reroute movement, sustain social inequalities, and cement boundary lines of class and race across the city. In its exploration of four communities in Ponce-two private subdivisions and two public housing projects-Locked In, Locked Out offers one of the first ethnographic accounts of gated communities devised by and for the poor. Dinzey-Flores traces the proliferation of gates on the island from Spanish colonial fortresses to the New Deal reform movement of the 1940's and 1950's, demonstrating how urban planning practices have historically contributed to the current trend of community divisions, shrinking public city spaces, and privatizing gardens. Through interviews and participant observation, she argues that gates have transformed the twenty-first-century city by fostering isolation and promoting segregation, ultimately shaping the life chances of people from all economic backgrounds. Relevant and engaging, Locked In, Locked Out reveals how built environments can create a cartography of disadvantage-affecting those on both sides of the wall.

Sociology, Urban --- Gated communities --- Enclosed communities --- Walled-in communities --- Communities --- Urban sociology --- Cities and towns --- History --- Social aspects --- Ponce (P.R.) --- Social conditions --- Anthropology. --- Folklore. --- Linguistics. --- Sociology. --- Urban Studies.

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Explores the trend for the upper and middle classes to move into gated communities. It looks at what has sparked this phenomenon and what life is like inside these suburban fortresses.

Gated communities --- Community life --- Enclosed communities --- Walled-in communities --- Communities --- 316.356 --- 711.58 --- 911.375.64 --- 911.375.64 Wijkindeling van steden --- Wijkindeling van steden --- 711.58 Stadsplanning: woonwijken; woonsectoren --- Stadsplanning: woonwijken; woonsectoren --- 316.356 Gemeenschapssociologie. Community sociology --- Gemeenschapssociologie. Community sociology --- Sociology of environment --- gated communities --- United States --- United States of America

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One of the consequences of the failure of the state to protect life and property of its entire citizens especially in developing countries like Nigeria is the emergences of private alternatives to crime prevention and control. This process of privatisation of security in Nigeria often involves recruitment of corporate and local security guards, vigilantes, night watchmen and the control of access into the neighbourhoods through gates and barriers. The book examines the nature, types, procedures, and administration of these private alternative to security in Ibadan metropolis. It identifies renaissance of primary affiliation among diverse urban residents and the interplay of forces of exclusion and inclusion among residents of gates neighbourhoods in Ibadan metropolis. It also evaluates the spatial pattern, trends and dynamics of gating and the general concern for security in Ibadan metropolis.

Gated communities --- Crime prevention --- Privatization --- Public spaces --- Land use --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Communities - Urban Groups --- Citizen participation --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Denationalization --- Privatisation --- Crime --- Prevention of crime --- Enclosed communities --- Walled-in communities --- Public places --- Social areas --- Urban public spaces --- Urban spaces --- Prevention --- Government policy --- Economics --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- Contracting out --- Corporatization --- Government ownership --- Public safety --- Communities --- Cities and towns --- Ibadan (Nigeria) --- Social conditions. --- délinquance --- sociologie urbaine --- Nigeria --- Ibadan --- ubanisme --- sécurité --- violence --- criminalité

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Sous le titre « Enclaves », le premier numéro de la nouvelle série des Cahiers de l’Institut supérieur d’architecture – La Cambre regroupe trois études qui traitent, à partir d’exemples radicaux, d’une même problématique contemporaine : les implications formelles et spatiales, architecturales et urbaines, des fractures socioéconomiques et culturelles que subissent nos sociétés contemporaines. Ces réflexions, menées dans le cadre de leur travail de fin d’études par des étudiants récemment diplômés, sont précédées de brèves présentations d’enseignants de l’institut et suivies de réactions de spécialistes des questions évoquées. Pour nourrir le débat, le philosophe Lieven De Cauter apporte, en introduction, des éléments de contextualisation. Au-delà de ces analyses critiques, c’est bien entendu la question de l’architecture, comme de celle de l’engagement de l’architecte et du statut de sa profession, qui se trouve posée.

architectuur --- architectuurtheorie --- Architecture --- Institut supérieur d'architecture de la Communauté française La Cambre [Bruxelles] --- La Lettre volée --- Bouwkunst --- City planning. --- Gated communities. --- Architecture, Modern --- Urbanisme --- Communautés privées --- Human factors. --- Facteurs humains --- City Planning --- Gated communities --- Centre commercial --- Ville --- Human factors --- Bruxelles --- Los angeles --- 711.4 --- 728.2 --- 72.01 --- 343.9 --- 725.21 --- Stedenbouw (theorie) --- Woondomeinen --- Collectieve woondomeinen --- Architectuurtheorie. Bouwprincipes. Esthetica van de bouwkunst. Filosofie van de bouwkunst --- Criminologie --(algemeen) --- Handelszaken --- Woningblokken. Meergezinshuizen. Etagewoningen. Flatgebouwen --- 343.9 Criminologie --(algemeen) --- 72.01 Architectuurtheorie. Bouwprincipes. Esthetica van de bouwkunst. Filosofie van de bouwkunst --- 728.2 Woningblokken. Meergezinshuizen. Etagewoningen. Flatgebouwen --- 725.21 Handelszaken --- Communautés privées --- Sécurité urbaine --- Sociologie urbaine --- Villes --- Bruxelles (Belgique) --- City planning --- Enclosed communities --- Walled-in communities --- Communities --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Human factors in architecture --- Human engineering --- Architecture and society --- Buildings --- Government policy --- Management --- Environmental engineering --- History --- Sécurité urbaine. --- Sociologie urbaine. --- Villes. --- 72.01 Theory and philosophy of architecture. Principles of design, proportion, optical effect --- Theory and philosophy of architecture. Principles of design, proportion, optical effect --- Architecture, Modern - 20th century --- Architecture - Human factors --- architectural theory