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Flashes of light. --- Inhibition. --- Visual system.

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The visual system consists of hierarchically organized distinct anatomical areas functionally specialized for processing different aspects of a visual object (Felleman & Van Essen, 1991). These visual areas are interconnected through ascending feedforward projections, descending feedback projections, and projections from neural structures at the same hierarchical level (Lamme et al., 1998). Accumulating evidence from anatomical, functional and theoretical studies suggests that these three projections play fundamentally different roles in perception. However, their distinct functional roles in visual processing are still subject to debate (Lamme & Roelfsema, 2000). The focus of this Research Topic is the roles of feedforward and feedback projections in vision. Even though the notions of feedforward, feedback, and reentrant processing are widely accepted, it has been found difficult to distinguish their individual roles on the basis of a single criterion. We welcome empirical contributions, theoretical contributions and reviews that fit into any one (or a combination) of the following domains: 1) their functional roles for perception of specific features of a visual object 2) their contributions to the distinct modes of visual processing (e.g., pre-attentive vs. attentive, conscious vs. unconscious) 3) recent techniques/methodologies to identify distinct functional roles of feedforward and feedback projections and corresponding neural signatures. We believe that the current Research Topic will not only provide recent information about feedforward/feedback processes in vision but also contribute to the understanding fundamental principles of cortical processing in general.

Visual system. --- Projections. --- Feedback. --- projections --- processes --- Feedback --- Vision --- feedforward --- Visual System --- mechanisms

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Civil engineering, surveying & building --- Biotechnology --- Computational models --- Algorithms --- Technologies --- Visual System --- mechanisms --- Computational models --- Algorithms --- Technologies --- Visual System --- mechanisms

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A concise guide for ophthalmologists detailing tuberculosis, which can cause disease in multiple organs throughout the body, including the eye. Tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can affect any part of the eye (intraocular, superficial or surrounding the eye), with or without presence of systemic involvement. Difficulty in obtaining adequate ocular tissue for histopathological and microbiological analysis makes it difficult to conclusively establish a diagnosis of tuberculosis in ocular disorders. Ocular Tuberculosis is a text devoted to in-depth coverage of this topic. Written and edited by international leaders in the field, discussing detailed and practical information on everything from clinical features, ocular imaging studies, and pathology, to investigations, treatment and surgical management of this disease, Ocular Tuberculosis is a truly comprehensive text.

Medicine. --- Ophthalmology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Eye --- Tuberculosis. --- Eyeball --- Eyes --- Visual system --- Medicine --- Diseases --- Face --- Photoreceptors --- Vision

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Part of the Essentials in Ophthalmology series, this atlas is designed to comprehensively cover optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment of the eye. The aim is to improve knowledge of the fundamentals of OCT technology for anterior segment, clarify the differences with posterior segment OCT and emphasize the immense relevance and usefulness that anterior segment OCT study has for diagnosis, therapeutic orientation, surgical guidance, and improvement in patient management. Atlas of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography is organized into comprehensive chapters on the following topics: fundamentals, technologies and technological differences among platforms, application of OCT, corneal OCT angiography, as well as case-based chapters. Numerous highly-detailed figures, illustrations and photographs make this an ideal resource for the corneal specialist seeking further instruction on this cutting-edge technology. The case-based chapters include such conditions as bowman dystrophies, trauma, cataract, glaucoma, sclera, refractive surgery, ocular infections, and are structured to facilitate the consultant surgeon by providing practical information applicable to practical cases in their practice.

Ophthalmology. --- Medicine --- Eye --- Diseases --- Ophthalmology --- Tomography --- Eyeball --- Eyes --- Visual system --- Face --- Photoreceptors --- Vision