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Iron age --- Victoria Falls Region (Zambia and Zimbabwe) --- Zambia --- Antiquities. --- Antiquities.

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This is the story of 150 years of conflict and contested claims over control and access to the waters and banks of the River Zambezi, one of Africa's longest and most important rivers. This book is a history of claims to the Zambezi, focussed on the stretch of the river extending from the Victoria Falls downstream into Lake Kariba, which today constitutes the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. It is a story of150 years of conflict over the changing landscape of the river, in which the tension between the Zambezi's 'river people' and more powerful others has been central. The Zambezi is one of Africa's longest and most important rivers - securing access to its waters and control over its banks, traffic and commerce were crucial political priorities for leaders of precolonial states no less than their colonial and postcolonial successors. The book is about the ways in which the course of the Zambezi has shaped history, its shifting role as link, barrier or conduit, the political, economic and cultural uses of the technological projects that have transformed the landscape, and their legacies in the conflicts of today. By investigating how the claims made today by Zambezi 'river people' relate to longer history of claims and appropriations, the book contributes to long-standing debates over the relationship between geography and history, landscape and power. JOANN MCGREGOR is a Lecturer in Geography at University College London

Zambezi River --- Zambezi River Valley --- History. --- Zambezi Valley --- Rio Zambeze --- Rio Zambezi --- Zambesi River --- Zambeze River --- LITERARY COLLECTIONS / African. --- African River. --- Colonial. --- Conflict. --- Geography. --- Lake Kariba. --- Landscape. --- Political Priorities. --- Postcolonial. --- Power. --- Precolonial States. --- Technological Projects. --- Victoria Falls. --- Zambezi. --- Zambia. --- Zimbabwe.

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Today, one-quarter of all the land in Latin America is set apart for nature protection. In Nationalizing Nature, Frederico Freitas uncovers the crucial role played by conservation in the region's territorial development by exploring how Brazil and Argentina used national parks to nationalize borderlands. In the 1930s, Brazil and Argentina created some of their first national parks around the massive Iguazu Falls, shared by the two countries. The parks were designed as tools to attract migrants from their densely populated Atlantic seaboards to a sparsely inhabited borderland. In the 1970s, a change in paradigm led the military regimes in Brazil and Argentina to violently evict settlers from their national parks, highlighting the complicated relationship between authoritarianism and conservation in the Southern Cone. By tracking almost one hundred years of national park history in Latin America's largest countries, Nationalizing Nature shows how conservation policy promoted national programs of frontier development and border control.

Nature conservation --- Boundaries. --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Conservation of natural resources --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Conservation --- Borderlands --- Iguaçu Falls (Argentina and Brazil) --- Parque Nacional do Iguaçu (Brazil) --- Parque Nacional Iguazú (Argentina) --- Argentina --- Brazil --- Boundaries --- Conservation of resources --- Natural resources --- Natural resources conservation --- Resources conservation, Natural --- Environmental protection --- Natural resources conservation areas --- Iguazu National Park (Argentina) --- Iguaçu National Park (Brazil) --- Cachoeira de Iguaçu (Argentina and Brazil) --- Cataratas del Iguaçu (Argentina and Brazil) --- Cataratas del Iguassú (Argentina and Brazil) --- Cataratas del Iguazú (Argentina and Brazil) --- Cataratas do Iguacu̧ (Argentina and Brazil) --- Iguassú Falls (Argentina and Brazil) --- Iguazú Falls (Argentina and Brazil) --- Salto do Iguaçu (Argentina and Brazil) --- Salto Santa Maria (Argentina and Brazil) --- Saltos de Santa Maria (Argentina and Brazil) --- Saltos do Iguaçu (Argentina and Brazil) --- Saltos do Iguassú (Argentina and Brazil) --- Victoria Falls (Argentina and Brazil)

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Why do some civil wars end in successfully implemented peace settlements while others are fought to the finish? Numerous competing theories address this question. Yet not until now has a study combined the historical sweep, empirical richness, and conceptual rigor necessary to put them thoroughly to the test and draw lessons invaluable to students, scholars, and policymakers. Wallter examens conflicts from Greece to Laos, China to Columbia, Bosnia to Rwanda

Politique mondiale --- Conflits de basse intensite --- Guerre civile. --- Addis Ababa agreement (1993). --- Afghanistan. --- American Civil War. --- Angola. --- Arusha accords. --- Baumhoegger, Goswin. --- Boutros-Ghali, Boutros. --- Callaghan, James. --- El Salvador. --- Geneva peace agreement. --- Habyarimana, Juvénal. --- Johnson, Phyllis. --- Karker, Hassame. --- King, Charles. --- Lancaster House negotiations. --- Laos. --- Lebanon. --- Nicaragua. --- Rhodesian Front. --- Tela agreement. --- Touval, Saadia. --- United Nations. --- University of Michigan. --- Victoria Falls Conference. --- Young, Andrew. --- Zambia. --- autonomous regions. --- balance of power. --- cease-fire agreements. --- costs of war. --- credible commitment theory. --- democracy-autocracy scale. --- divisibility of stakes. --- ethics of intervention. --- federalism. --- hegemony. --- hypotheses. --- logit analysis. --- mediation. --- military consolidation. --- monitoring and verification. --- multivariate regression analysis. --- one-party rule. --- parliamentary system. --- partition. --- political pacts. --- power-sharing pacts. --- presidential system. --- proportional representation. --- selection bias probit. --- simulation procedure. --- three-stage process. --- Civil war --- Low-intensity conflicts (Military science) --- World politics