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Weltkrieg --- Germany. --- Grundgesetz (Germany). --- Treaty of Versailles (1919 June 28). --- Treaty of Versailles --- Versailler Vertrag.
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Treaty of Versailles --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Germany --- Foreign relations --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- Versaĭski dogovor
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Between 1921 and 1923 Keynes was involved, with varying degrees of success, in a variety of attempts at influencing British and overseas opinion. This volume prints all the principal articles, letters and memoranda surrounding the publication of The Economic Consequences of the Peace, A Revision of the Treaty and the series 'Reconstruction in Europe', which he edited for the Manchester Guardian Commercial. It also includes important memoranda, articles and correspondence on Britain's post-war monetary policy and international financial policy. As such, it is an important companion to his published work of the period and an important source for material on his development as a monetary economist.
Economic history --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Reparations. --- Treaty of Versailles --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- Versaĭski dogovor
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Keynes published The Economic Consequences of the Peace in December 1919. Over the next two years events moved rapidly and by the late autumn of 1921 a sequel was needed. While Keynes's views had not changed, any critical observer required a review of the new facts and materials. That is what A Revision of the Treaty provided. By May 1921 a long series of meetings between the Allied Premiers had led, through an even longer series of proposals, counterproposals, attempted settlements and sanctions imposed on Germany, to the London Settlement of Reparations of May 1921. This, as Keynes rightly foresaw, was to be no more permanent that its predecessors. This book shows Keynes at his best in the economic analysis and interpretation of detail as well as main trends, and reveals the validity of much of his earlier criticism of the peacemakers at Versailles.
World War, 1914-1918 --- Reparations. --- Treaty of Versailles --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- Versaĭski dogovor
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1922 wurde das Ingenieurbüro für Schiffbau (IvS/ Inkavos A.G.) unter der Leitung von Dr. Hans Techel in Den Haag gegründet. Auf diesem Wege sollten durch eine geheime Kooperation mit den Niederlanden die technische Erfahrung und der Technologievorsprung des Deutschen Reiches im U-Bootbau erhalten bleiben - obwohl der Versailler Vertrag dem Deutschen Reich die U-Bootrüstung untersagte. Kurz nach seiner Gründung bezog das IvS seine Büros im selben Gebäude wie die Schiffbauliche Abteilung der niederländischen Marine. Hieraus ergab sich eine enge Zusammenarbeit in der U-Boot-Konstruktion. So im Bereich des Rumpfdesigns, der Torpedoausstoßvorrichtungen und der Torpedos, Sehrohre, Echolote, Schallortungsgeräte und des Schweißens von hochfestem Stahl. Die Ergebnisse der Kooperation beeinflussten sowohl die U-Booteigenbauten der Niederländischen Marine wie jene des IvS für seine ausländischen Kunden. Gegenüber diesen erfüllten beide Parteien ihre vertraglichen Verpflichtungen zwischen 1922 und 1940. 1945 übernahm die niederländische Regierung das IVS. Es wurde erst 1957 geschlossen.
Reichsmarine --- U-Boot --- H. Techel --- Versailler Vertrag --- Schallungsortungsgeräte --- Königliche Niederländische Marine --- German Navy in Interbellum --- Royal Netherlands Navy --- Submarine construction --- Treaty of Versailles --- torpedotubes --- sonar systems
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Wie verhielt sich der Katholizismus zu den europäischen Nationalismen? Die vorliegende Studie liefert einen Beitrag zur Beantwortung dieser Frage. Sie nimmt dazu die Grenzregionen Oberschlesien und Elsass-Lothringen in den Blick und geht transnationalen Auswirkungen der vatikanischen Politik nach.In beiden Grenzregionen flammten nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg Streitigkeiten über den Status nationaler Minderheiten wieder auf, von denen die katholische Kirche nicht unberührt blieb. Es gab erbitterte Konflikte zwischen Geistlichen und auch Laien, welche sich auf die Seite der Nationalstaaten Polen bzw. Frankreich schlugen, und solchen, die sich mit der regionalen Kultur und der deutschen Sprache identifizierten. Beide Seiten versuchten, den Vatikan für die jeweils eigene Position zu gewinnen. Dem Heiligen Stuhl bereitete dies nicht selten Schwierigkeiten, auf internationaler Bühne den Anschein der eigenen Überparteilichkeit zu wahren.Unter anderem zeigt die Studie, dass die katholische Kirche die Nationalitäten - konflikte in den Grenzregionen nur in äußerst begrenztem Maße entschärfen konnte.
Kirchengeschichte --- Regionalgeschichte --- nationale Minderheiten --- Weimarer Republik --- Pius XI --- Pacelli --- Nationalismus --- Katholizismus --- Kulturgeschichte --- Versailler Vertrag --- Church history --- regional history --- national minorities --- Republic of Weimar --- nationalism --- catholicism --- cultural history --- Treaty of Versailles
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Ruth Henig's fully revised and extended second edition of Versailles and After includes a new chapter on recent historiography of the subject and provides students with concise coverage of the following topics:* the terms of the Treaty of Versailles* the inadeqacies of the League of Nations as a supranational peacekeeping body* why hopes of long term stability gradually faded.
World War, 1914-1918 --- Peace --- League of Nations --- History --- Treaty of Versailles --- Peace. --- History. --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- World War, 1914-1918 - Peace --- World War, 1914-1918 - United States --- Versaĭski dogovor
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The Economic Consequences of the Peace was written by Maynard Keynes in 1919 following his resignation as Treasury representative at the Peace Conference at Versailles. It was this work that first made Maynard Keynes's name a household word, a figure of hatred and public criticism to some, a rallying point for rational thought and action to others. Written in the white heat of anger and despair, it vividly conveys to later generations Keynes's horror that clear thinking, human compassion and solemn pledges had been, in his eyes, destroyed by political opportunism.
Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Treaty of Versailles --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- Economic history --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Economic aspects. --- Versaĭski dogovor
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This volume, a companion to Volume 17 and to many of the Essays in Persuasion (Volume 9), carries Keynes's involvement in the post-1919 reparations tangle down to the Lausanne Conference and Britain's subsequent effective default on her own war debts in June 1933 - almost fourteen years to the day after Keynes's own resignation from the Treasury over the original Peace Settlement effectively removed the issue from practical politics. The events it covers were dramatic - the German hyperinflation, the occupation of the Ruhr, the Dawes and Young Plans and the Hoover Moratorium. Throughout, Keynes attempted to shape opinion and the course of events through published articles, unsigned letters, contributions to The Nation and Athenaeum, speeches, letters, official committees and memoranda. These add an important dimension to our understanding of the history of the period.
Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Treaty of Versailles --- Fan-erh-sai ho yüeh --- Traktat Wersalski --- Versailler Vertrag --- Versailles Treaty --- Vertrag von Versailles --- Traité de Versailles --- Conditions de paix --- Conditions of Peace --- Economic history --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Reparations. --- Versaĭski dogovor
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