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El volum mostra per què i com s’investiga la variació lingüística des de diferents vessants de les ciències del llenguatge. En els primers capítols es reflexiona sobre què és la variació lingüística: Joan Argente destaca la importància de tenir en compte la universalitat i la diversitat lingüístiques, Maria Teresa Turell estudia l’heterogeneïtat lingüística a partir de tècniques quantitatives variacionistes, i Max W. Wheeler tracta del paper de la variació lingüística diacrònica. Els capítols següents exposen com s’analitza la variació en les diferents disciplines amb un estudi de cas aplicat al català: Maria-Rosa Lloret i Joaquim Viaplana tracten de la variació en fonologia i morfologia; Mercè Lorente, Maria Teresa Cabré i Lluís de Yzaguirre, la variació en el lèxic; Joan Julià s’ocupa de la variació en la fonètica, i Gemma Rigau, en la sintaxi. Vicent Salvador, finalment, presenta les connexions entre la variació lingüística i la dialectologia, la pragmàtica i l’anàlisi del discurs.

Catalan language --- Variation --- Variació (Lingüística) --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Català

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Languages carry information. To fulfil this purpose, they employ a multitude of coding strategies. This book explores a core property of linguistic coding - called lexical diversity. Parallel text corpora of overall more than 1800 texts written in more than 1200 languages are the basis for computational analyses. Different measures of lexical diversity are discussed and tested, and Shannon's measure of uncertainty - the entropy - is chosen to assess differences in the distributions of words. To further explain this variation, a range of descriptive, explanatory, and grouping factors are considered in a series of statistical models. The first category includes writing systems, word-formation patterns, registers and styles. The second category includes population size, non-native speaker proportions and language status. Grouping factors further elicit whether the results extrapolate across - or are limited to - specific language families and areas. This account marries information-theoretic methods with a complex systems framework, illustrating how languages adapt to the varying needs of their users. It sheds light on the puzzling diversity of human languages in a quantitative, data driven and reproducible manner.

Language and languages --- Variation. --- E-books --- Linguistic change. --- Word (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Change, Linguistic --- Language change --- Historical linguistics --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language --- Canvi lingüístic. --- Paraula (Lingüística) --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Variació. --- Diversitat lingüística --- Llengües --- Variació del llenguatge --- Variació lingüística --- Variació social (Lingüística) --- Variant lingüística --- Varietat lingüística --- Mots --- Paraules --- Lingüística --- Lingüística històrica --- Varietat --- Variació --- Language Change and Evolution. --- Linguistic Adaptation. --- Quantitative Linguistic Typology. --- Word Entropy.

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The book addresses some raging questions in linguistics today: What kind of variation do typologically related languages display? Do we expect to find the same variation in genealogically unrelated languages spoken in the same area? What makes dialects different? The current book answers these questions using data from languages spoken in the Indian subcontinent—an area known for its linguistic richness and diversity. Each chapter in the book presents a wealth of data collected through extensive fieldwork or controlled experimental setups. The chapters examine macro-variation in relative clauses, word order and negation found among Austro-Asiatic, Dravidian, Indo-Aryan and Tibeto-Burman languages. It also investigates meso-level variation among related Eastern Indo-Aryan languages and intra-language and dialectal changes. It encourages scholars to probe deep into the mechanisms that underlie the immense intra- and inter-language variation in the area. It serves as a resource book for postgraduate and research scholars of linguistic typology, theoretical syntax, sociolinguistics, historical linguistics and for scholars interested in South Asian languages.

Language and languages --- Variation. --- South Asia --- Languages. --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Variació (Lingüística) --- Àsia del Sud --- Llenguatge i llengües.

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The present volume contains a selection of the papers and commentaries which were originally presented at the Tenth Conference of Laboratory Phonology (LabPhon10) held in Paris from June 29 to July 1, 2006. The theme of the volume is Variation, Phonetic Detail and Phonological Representation. It brings together specialists of different fields of speech research with the goal to discuss the relevance of patterns of variation and phonetic details on phonological representations and theories. The topic is addressed from the angles of speech production, perception, acquisition, speech disorders, and language universals. The contributions are grouped thematically in five sections, each of which is commented by invited discussants. Section I contains the contributions to the special '10th anniversary session' of the conference which represent in a prototypical way some of the different research questions that have been at the core of important debates over the last 20 years in the laboratory phonology community. Issues of phonological universals and language typology are addressed in section II. In section III, the notions of variation and phonetic detail are examined with regard to how they are acquired and dealt with in the formation of phonological representation in emerging systems. Section IV focuses on recent work at the crossroad between normal and disordered speech.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic change --- Phonology --- Historical linguistics --- Language and languages --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Fonologia --- Canvi lingüístic --- Canvi (Lingüística) --- Evolució lingüística --- Lingüística històrica --- Variació (Lingüística) --- Lingüística --- Consonants --- Neutralització (Lingüística) --- Teoria de l'optimitat (Lingüística) --- Trets distintius (Lingüística) --- Vocals --- Phonetics. --- Phonology. --- Variation.

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Este volumen aborda el estudio de la variación y el cambio lingüístico en zonas de contacto de lenguas a partir de una selección representativa de estudios de caso, lo que permite proponer generalizaciones significativas sobre los cambios inducidos por contacto y aportar herramientas teóricas y metodológicas para entender mejor la complejidad de estas situaciones.

Languages in contact --- Spanish language --- Idiomas en contacto --- Lengua española --- Castilian language --- Romance languages --- Areal linguistics --- Dialects --- Variation --- Dialectos --- Variación --- #KVHA:Meertalige communicatie; Spaans --- Languages in contact. --- Language and languages --- Variation. --- Characterology of speech --- Language diversity --- Language subsystems --- Language variation --- Linguistic diversity --- Variation in language