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Mycotoxins represent a significant issue for the feed industry and the safety of the feed supply chain, with an impact on human health, animal health and production, economies, and international trade. The globalization of the trade in agricultural commodities and the lack of legislative harmonization have contributed significantly to the discussion about the awareness of mycotoxins entering the feed/food supply chain. The feed industry is a sustainable outlet for food processing industries, converting byproducts into high-quality animal feed. Mycotoxin occurrence in food byproducts from different technological processes is a worldwide topic of interest for the feed industry, aiming to increase the marketability and acceptance of these products as feed ingredients and include them safely in the feed supply chain. Since mycotoxin contamination cannot be completely prevented pre- or post-harvest, the modern feed industry needs new tools for monitoring and managing the risk of mycotoxins and strategies to prevent and reduce mycotoxins in compound feed manufacturing. The aim of this Special Issue book was to bring together a collection of valuable articles with innovative ideas for a sustainable and competitive feed industry.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- mycotoxins --- biomarkers --- urine --- UPLC-MS/MS --- intake --- feed --- grain --- monitoring --- pet food --- HRMS-orbitrap --- co-occurrence --- retrospective screening --- Alphitobius diaperinus --- Hermetia illucens --- edible insects --- mycotoxin --- uptake --- excretion --- feed safety --- essential oils --- ecophysiology --- aflatoxins --- zearalenone --- clay --- purified --- calcined --- adsorption --- pH --- reduction --- grain cleaning --- thermal processing --- chemicals --- adsorbents --- prevention --- reduction strategies --- animal feed --- mycotoxin binders --- aflatoxin --- biomarker --- dairy cows --- durian peel --- agricultural by-products --- biosorption --- gastrointestinal digestion model --- decontamination --- equilibrium isotherms --- in-vitro cell culture --- toxicity assessment and mitigation --- mycotoxins --- biomarkers --- urine --- UPLC-MS/MS --- intake --- feed --- grain --- monitoring --- pet food --- HRMS-orbitrap --- co-occurrence --- retrospective screening --- Alphitobius diaperinus --- Hermetia illucens --- edible insects --- mycotoxin --- uptake --- excretion --- feed safety --- essential oils --- ecophysiology --- aflatoxins --- zearalenone --- clay --- purified --- calcined --- adsorption --- pH --- reduction --- grain cleaning --- thermal processing --- chemicals --- adsorbents --- prevention --- reduction strategies --- animal feed --- mycotoxin binders --- aflatoxin --- biomarker --- dairy cows --- durian peel --- agricultural by-products --- biosorption --- gastrointestinal digestion model --- decontamination --- equilibrium isotherms --- in-vitro cell culture --- toxicity assessment and mitigation

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The toxicity and fate of pharmaceuticals and other emerging micro-organic contaminants in the natural and built environments have been the focus of much research over the last twenty years. Particular focus has recently centred on the fate of antimicrobial chemicals, including antibiotics and antifungals. The occurrence of such chemicals in the environment is thought to contribute to the selection of resistance in exposed microorganisms.This Special Issue (SI) brings together a broad range of recent advances in the field of emerging micro-organic contaminants, ranging from medicinal contaminants to industrial chemicals in the environment. Notably, these range from chemical extraction and large-scale analysis to adverse effects on non-target aquatic organisms and potential risk to humans via contaminated foodstuffs. Additionally, this Special Issue also presents novel contaminant treatment/degradation methods of both physical and biological nature.

chitosan --- risk assessment --- n/a --- di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) --- Escherichia coli --- picolinic acid --- degradation --- 6-hydroxypicolinic acid --- biosorption --- coagulation --- qPCR --- global monitoring --- Pseudomonas putida --- basic buffer --- validation --- ethyl tert-butyl ether --- wastewater --- sewage treatment --- crustacean --- ETBE biodegradation --- ethB gene --- veterinary drug --- water quality --- tetracyclines --- micropollutants --- bacterial community --- antibiotics --- Membrane Bioreactor --- UPLC MS/MS --- bisphenol A (BPA) --- GAC-biofilter --- shrimp --- vitellogenin (VTG) --- hormones --- polluted aquifer --- biodegradation --- Rhodococcus --- sewage sludge --- ion suppression --- ozone --- pharmaceutical residues --- beta-lactams --- espresso coffee machine extraction --- mass spectrometry --- dye decolorization --- chlorination --- pressurized hot water extraction --- immobilization --- ARGs --- pharmaceuticals --- organic pollutants --- residue --- perfluorinated compounds --- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry --- activated carbon --- irgarol --- fuel oxygenates

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This book covers the most recent research trends and applications of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry. The included topics range from the adulteration of dietary supplements, to the determination of drugs in biological samples with the aim to investigate their pharmacokinetic properties.

growth hormone --- long-acting Fc-fusion recombinant human growth hormone --- method validation --- cell-based bioassay --- reporter gene assay --- pharmacokinetics --- tissue distribution --- alnustone --- rats --- LC-MS/MS --- inflammatory bowel disease --- fixed-dose combination --- biomimetic chromatography --- thiopurine immunosuppressants --- folic acid --- doxorubicin --- hernandezine --- pharmacokinetic study --- drug–drug interaction --- gardneramine --- monoterpenoid indole alkaloid --- memantine --- rimantadine --- amantadine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- derivatization --- stopped-flow --- quality control --- anwuligan --- rat --- optode --- polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride --- lactone-rhodamine B --- contact-lens detergent --- dietary supplement --- adulteration --- low-field NMR --- multivariate analysis --- steroids --- Partial Least Squares regression --- in vitro permeability --- predictive model --- ketamine --- norketamine --- high throughput bar adsorptive microextraction --- LVI-GC-MS(SIM) --- urine --- baricitinib --- UPLC-MS/MS --- irbersartan --- n/a --- drug-drug interaction

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Cyanobacteria are a group of ubiquitous photosynthetic prokaryotes. Their occurrence has been increasing worldwide, due to anthropogenic activities and climate change. Several cyanobacterial species are able to synthesize a high number of bioactive molecules, among them, cyanotoxins (microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, nodularin, etc.), which are considered a health concern. For risk assessment of cyanotoxins, more scientific knowledge is required to perform adequate hazard characterization, exposure evaluation and, finally, risk characterization of these toxins. This Special Issue “Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins: New Advances and Future Challenges” presents new research or review articles related to different aspects of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, and contributes to providing new toxicological data and methods for a more realistic risk assessment.

method validation --- sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) --- arctic --- Cylindrospermopsin --- Microcystin-LR --- 16S rRNA gene --- astaxanthin --- secondary metabolites --- shotgun metagenomic sequencing --- time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay --- Histopathological evaluation --- cyanobacterial thresholds --- akinetes --- nutrient enrichment --- benthic mats --- cylindrospermopsin --- drinking water treatment plant --- blue-green algae supplements --- lettuce --- genotoxicity --- exposure --- bacterial community --- PCR --- microcystin-LR --- marine natural compounds --- ELISA --- [d-Leu1]Microcystin-LR --- Paracentrotus lividus --- tadpoles --- apoptosis --- 16S rRNA gene sequencing --- PSP toxins --- marine cyanobacteria --- hemolytic essay --- energy budget --- bioassays --- anatoxin-a --- Lithobates catesbeianus --- mixture --- reproductive toxicity --- cyanobacteria --- taste-and-odor compounds --- Procambarus clarkii --- drinking water --- saxitoxin --- resveratrol --- harmful algal blooms --- cytotoxicity --- phylogenetic analyses --- Yangtze estuary --- microcystin --- mutagenicity --- detection --- Artemia salina --- water source --- cyanotoxins --- microcystins --- in vitro --- marine sponges --- microcystin-LR (MC-LR) --- UPLC-MS/MS --- reservoir --- microbial metabolisms --- Aphanizomenon flos-aquae --- monoclonal antibody --- oxidative stress --- Nostocales

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Biomarkers of environmental toxicants are measures of exposures, some of which can serve to assess disease risk and inter-individual susceptibilities. Metabolites, protein and DNA adducts also serve to elucidate the mechanisms of the bioactivation and detoxication of reactive toxicant intermediates. Some environmental chemicals act as modulators of gene and protein activity, and induce the dysbiosis of the microbiome, which impacts the metabolome and overall health. In this Special Issue on “Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants”, review articles and original research studies are featured, covering the latest bioanalytical, biochemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies, to monitor exposures through targeted and non-targeted methods, and mechanistic studies that examine the biological effects of environmental toxicants in cells and humans. Diverse topics, such as exposome, microbiome, DNA/protein adducts and t-RNA modifications, as well as important environment toxicants, including heavy metals, benzene, phthalates, aldehydes, glycidol, tobacco smoke and aristolochic acids, are covered. Novel analytical methods, such as protein adductomics, DNA adduct analysis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, site-specific mutagenesis assay and accelerator mass spectrometry, are also included. This collection provides a valuable update of the most recent biochemical and analytical tools that employ biomarkers in toxicology research, biomarker discovery, and exposure and risk assessment in population-based studies.

Medicine --- manganese --- lead --- cadmium --- arsenic --- hair --- children --- environment --- carcinogen --- DNA adducts --- biomonitoring --- formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues --- biomarker --- mass spectrometry --- human biomonitoring --- urine --- non-occupational exposure --- S-phenyl-mercapturic acid --- HPLC-MS/MS --- glycidol --- Hb adduct --- N-(2.3-dihydroxypropyl)valine --- in vivo --- cancer risk --- UPLC/MS/MS --- aristolochic acids --- food contamination --- environmental pollution --- root uptake --- aristolochic acid nephropathy --- Balkan endemic nephropathy --- chronic kidney disease --- tobacco smoke --- human carcinogen --- biomarkers --- epitranscriptomics --- tRNA modifications --- stress response mechanisms --- codon-biased translation --- phthalate --- DEHP --- human exposure --- toxicity --- reproductive --- accelerator mass spectrometry --- cavity ring down spectrophotometry --- radiocarbon --- naphthalene --- benzo[a]pyrene --- cell turnover --- triclocarban --- metastasis --- haemoglobin --- albumin --- protein adducts --- aldehydes --- genotoxicity --- cancer --- diseases --- oxidative stress --- exposure biomarkers --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- data-dependent profiling --- derivatization --- biological fluids --- isotope labeling --- DNA lesion --- DNA damage --- shuttle vector technique --- replication block --- mutagenicity --- mutational spectrum --- mutational signature --- DNA repair --- DNA adduct bypass --- site-specific mutagenesis --- chemical exposome --- environmental monitoring --- disease --- bioinformatics --- gut microbiome --- chemical toxicity --- n/a