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Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) nightlights are used to model damage caused by earthquakes, floods, and typhoons in five Southeast Asian countries (Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam). The data are used to examine the extent to which for each type of hazard there is a difference in nightlight intensity between affected and nonaffected cells based on (i) case studies of specific disasters, and (ii) fixed effect regression models akin to the double difference method to determine any effect that the different natural hazards might have had on the nightlight value. The results show little to no significance regardless of the methodology used, most likely due to noise in the nightlight data and the fact that the tropics have only a few days per month with no cloud cover.

Damage Index --- Earthquake --- Environment --- Flood --- Natural Disaster --- Natural Disasters --- Remote Sensing --- Typhoon --- Visible Infrared Imaging

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In this Special Issue, seven high-quality papers covering the application and development of many high-end techniques for studies on storm tides, surges, and waves have been published, for instance, the employment of an artificial neural network for predicting coastal freak waves [1]; a reproduction of super typhoon-created extreme waves [2]; a numerical analysis of nonlinear interactions for storm waves, tides, and currents [3]; wave simulation for an island using a circulation–wave coupled model [4]; an analysis of typhoon-induced waves along typhoon tracks in the western North Pacific Ocean [5]; an understanding of how a storm surge prevents or severely restricts aeolian supply [6]; and an investigation of coastal settlements and an assessment of their vulnerability [7].

Technology: general issues --- coastal freak wave --- probabilistic forecasting --- artificial neural network --- storm wave height --- super typhoon --- wave-circulation model --- hybrid winds --- coastal hazard --- vulnerability assessment --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- landscape --- wave distribution --- typhoon tracks --- WAVEWATCH-III --- typhoon wave climate --- empirical orthogonal function --- aeolian processes --- surface moisture --- storm surge --- supply limitations --- fetch --- SCHISM-WWM-III --- ERA5 --- direct modification method --- storm wave --- tidal elevation --- tidal current --- typhoon wave --- SWAN --- FVCOM --- current --- sea-water level --- numerical modeling --- statistical analysis --- artificial intelligence techniques --- storm tide --- coastal morphology --- coastal freak wave --- probabilistic forecasting --- artificial neural network --- storm wave height --- super typhoon --- wave-circulation model --- hybrid winds --- coastal hazard --- vulnerability assessment --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- landscape --- wave distribution --- typhoon tracks --- WAVEWATCH-III --- typhoon wave climate --- empirical orthogonal function --- aeolian processes --- surface moisture --- storm surge --- supply limitations --- fetch --- SCHISM-WWM-III --- ERA5 --- direct modification method --- storm wave --- tidal elevation --- tidal current --- typhoon wave --- SWAN --- FVCOM --- current --- sea-water level --- numerical modeling --- statistical analysis --- artificial intelligence techniques --- storm tide --- coastal morphology

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In this Special Issue, seven high-quality papers covering the application and development of many high-end techniques for studies on storm tides, surges, and waves have been published, for instance, the employment of an artificial neural network for predicting coastal freak waves [1]; a reproduction of super typhoon-created extreme waves [2]; a numerical analysis of nonlinear interactions for storm waves, tides, and currents [3]; wave simulation for an island using a circulation–wave coupled model [4]; an analysis of typhoon-induced waves along typhoon tracks in the western North Pacific Ocean [5]; an understanding of how a storm surge prevents or severely restricts aeolian supply [6]; and an investigation of coastal settlements and an assessment of their vulnerability [7].

coastal freak wave --- probabilistic forecasting --- artificial neural network --- storm wave height --- super typhoon --- wave-circulation model --- hybrid winds --- coastal hazard --- vulnerability assessment --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- landscape --- wave distribution --- typhoon tracks --- WAVEWATCH-III --- typhoon wave climate --- empirical orthogonal function --- aeolian processes --- surface moisture --- storm surge --- supply limitations --- fetch --- SCHISM-WWM-III --- ERA5 --- direct modification method --- storm wave --- tidal elevation --- tidal current --- typhoon wave --- SWAN --- FVCOM --- current --- sea-water level --- numerical modeling --- statistical analysis --- artificial intelligence techniques --- storm tide --- coastal morphology

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This paper evaluates how the Philippines utilize social protection systems and programs to help households better manage disaster risk. Exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters and the effects of climate change are particularly high in the Philippines. At the same time, the Philippines has developed one of the most advanced social protection systems in the East Asia Pacific region. The Department of Social Welfare and Development is prominently integrated into the national disaster risk management framework of the Philippines, taking the lead coordinating role in disaster response activities. Consequently, social protection programs are on the frontlines of disaster response in the Philippines. This paper focuses specifically on the devastating impact of Typhoon Yolanda, which struck the country in November 2013, as a case study against which the Philippines' social protection response can be assessed.

Access to finance --- Conflict and development --- Disaster management --- Disaster risk management --- Environment --- Finance and financial sector development --- Hazard risk management --- Natural disasters --- Poverty reduction --- Risk financing --- Rural poverty reduction --- Social protection --- Typhoon --- Urban development

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Storm tides, surges, and waves associated with typhoons/tropical cyclones/hurricanes are the most severe threats to coastal zones, nearshore waters, and navigational safety. Therefore, predicting typhoon/tropical cyclone/hurricane-induced storm tides, surges, waves, and coastal erosion is essential for reducing the loss of human life and property and mitigating coastal disasters. There is still a growing demand for novel techniques that could be adopted to resolve the complex physical processes of storm tides, surges, waves, and coastal erosion, even if many studies on the hindcasting/prediction/forecasting of typhoon-driven storm tides, surges, waves, and also morphology evolution have been carried out through numerical models in the last decade. This Special Issue intends to collect the latest studies on storm tide, surge, and wave modeling and analysis utilizing dynamic and statistical models and artificial intelligence approaches to improve our simulating and analytic capabilities and our understanding of storm tides, surges, and waves. Five high-quality papers have been accepted for publication in this Special Issue; these papers cover the application and development of many high-end techniques for storm tides, surges, waves, and on-site investigation of coastal erosion and accretion.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- typhoon wave --- sea surface temperature --- WAVEWATCH-III --- sbPOM --- depth-induced wave breaking --- wave-breaking formulation --- wave-breaking criterion --- shallow nearshore waters --- three-dimensional Bragg resonance --- regular waves --- random waves --- high-order spectral (HOS) method --- Gaussian spectrum --- V-shaped undulating bottom --- multivariate extreme value --- coastal modeling --- SWAN --- SWASH-2DH --- Corsica --- return level --- total water level --- erosion and accretion --- cross-shore profile evolution --- Lanyang River estuary --- limit of estuarine sediment transport --- northeastern coastal waters of Taiwan --- typhoon wave --- sea surface temperature --- WAVEWATCH-III --- sbPOM --- depth-induced wave breaking --- wave-breaking formulation --- wave-breaking criterion --- shallow nearshore waters --- three-dimensional Bragg resonance --- regular waves --- random waves --- high-order spectral (HOS) method --- Gaussian spectrum --- V-shaped undulating bottom --- multivariate extreme value --- coastal modeling --- SWAN --- SWASH-2DH --- Corsica --- return level --- total water level --- erosion and accretion --- cross-shore profile evolution --- Lanyang River estuary --- limit of estuarine sediment transport --- northeastern coastal waters of Taiwan