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From William Shakespeare's Hamlet to Robert Burton's Anatomy to Nicholas Hilliard's miniatures, melancholy has long been associated with the emotional life of Renaissance England. But what other forms of sadness existed alongside, or even beyond, melancholy, and what kinds of selfhood did they help create ? "Beyond Melancholy" explores the vital distinctions Renaissance writers made between grief, godly sorrow, despair, and melancholy, and the unique interactions these emotions were thought to produce in the mind, body, and soul. While most medical and philosophical writings emphasized the physiological and moral dangers of the "dis-ease" of sadness, warning that in its most extreme form it could damage the body and even cause death, new Protestant teachings about the nature of devotion and salvation suggested that sadness could in fact be a positive, even transformative, experience, helping to humble believers' souls and bring them closer to God. The result of such dramatically conflicting paradigms was a widespread ambiguity about the value of sadness and a need to clarify its significance through active and wilful interpretation - something this book calls "emotive improvisation". Drawing on a wide range of Renaissance medical, philosophical, religious, and literary texts - including, but not limited to, moral treatises on the passions, medical text books, mortality records, doctors' case notes, sermons, theological tracts, devotional and elegiac poetry, letters, life-writings, ballads, and stage-plays - "Beyond Melancholy" explores the emotional codes surrounding the experience of sadness and the way writers responded to and reinterpreted them. In doing so it demonstrates the value of working across source materials too often divided along disciplinary lines, and the special importance of literary texts to the study of the emotional past.

Medicine in Literature --- Emotions --- Grief --- English literature --- Sadness in literature --- Grief in literature --- Littérature anglaise --- Tristesse dans la littérature --- Chagrin dans la littérature --- History and criticism. --- Histoire et critique --- Themes, motives --- Thèmes, motifs --- Sadness in literature. --- Grief in literature. --- Littérature anglaise --- Tristesse dans la littérature --- Chagrin dans la littérature --- Thèmes, motifs --- Thematology --- Psychological study of literature --- anno 1500-1599 --- Themes, motives. --- English literature - Early modern, 1500-1700 - History and criticism.

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Les efforts de l'homme pour se procurer de la joie sont parfois dignes de l'attention du philosophe, écrit Victor Hugo dans L'Homme qui rit. Comme les autres romantiques, il fait pourtant peser un énorme soupçon sur le rire et sur la gaieté. Les rictus omniprésents sous sa plume et celle de ses contemporains appartiennent tant au sadisme qu'à la souffrance, tant au bourreau qu'à sa victime. Alors que notre époque se montre friande de bonne humeur, de fêtes, de festivals, Victor Hugo et ses contemporains des quatre coins de l'Europe jugent que la joie est mal à-propos, elle qui résonne au milieu des souffrances populaires. Il peut lui arriver de sourire ou de verser des larmes, mais le héros hugolien ne rit pas, sauf si on l'y oblige. Doit-on encore lire les romantiques aujourd'hui ? Oui, parce qu'ils nous rappellent qu'il faut résister à la dictature contemporaine de l'allégresse, du rire de force. Voilà pourquoi Rictus romantiques se termine par un « Éloge de la mauvaise humeur ».

Cheerfulness in literature --- Droefheid in de literatuur --- Gaieté dans la littérature --- Lach in de literatuur --- Laughter in literature --- Perversion sexuelle dans la litterature --- Rire dans la littérature --- Sadness in literature --- Seksuele afwijkingen in de literatuur --- Sexual deviation in literature --- Tristesse dans la littérature --- Vrolijkheid in de literatuur --- Hugo, Victor, --- Criticism and interpretation --- Rire dans la littérature. --- Perversion dans la littérature. --- Gaieté dans la littérature. --- Tristesse dans la littérature. --- Laughter in literature. --- Sexual deviation in literature. --- Cheerfulness in literature. --- Sadness in literature. --- Critique et interprétation. --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Sexual perversion in literature --- Hugo, Victor --- Hugo, Victor-Marie --- Hjuho, Viktor --- African literature (French) --- History and criticism. --- Hiwkō, Vikʻtʻor, --- Hījū, Fīktūr, --- Gi︠u︡go, Viktor, --- Hsiao-o, --- Hyowgo, Viktor, --- Hugo, Victor Marie, --- Yü-kuo, Wei-kʻo-to, --- Yü-kuo, --- Hūkū, Fīktūr, --- Ounkō, Viktor, --- Hi︠u︡ho, Viktor, --- Hi︠u︡ho, V. --- Hugo, Viktor, --- Huygo, Victo, --- Gi︠u︡go, V. --- Hyugo, Vhikṭara, --- Igo, Viktor, --- I︠U︡go, Viktor, --- Hyūkō, Vikṭar, --- Hīyūkō, Vikṭar, --- Hiwgō, Viktor, --- Гюго, Виктор, --- הוגאָ, װ. --- הוגא, וויקטאר --- הוגא, וויקטאר, --- הוגא, ויקטור, --- הוגא, װיקטאר --- הוגא, װיקטאר, --- הוגו ויקטור, --- הוגו, ויקטור --- הוגו, ויקטור, --- هوجو، فيكتور، --- 雨果, --- Higu, Fikṭuṛ, --- African literature (French) - History and criticism. --- Hugo, Victor, - 1802-1885 - Criticism and interpretation --- perversion --- littérature --- tristesse --- rire --- Hugo, Victor, - 1802-1885