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Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a very powerful tool for characterizing various types of materials. Using a light microscope, the imaging resolution is at several hundred nanometers, and for a scanning electron microscope, SEM, at several nanometers. The imaging resolution of the TEM, however, can routinely reach several angstroms on a modem instrument. In addition, the TEM can also provide material structural information, since the electrons penetrate through the thin specimens, and chemical compositional information due to the strong electron-specimen atom interactions. Nowadays, TEM is widely applied in diverse areas in both physical sciences (chemistry, engineering, geosciences, materials science, and physics) and life sciences (agriculture, biology, and medicine), playing a key role in research or development for material design, synthesis, processing, or performance. This book provides a concise practical guide to the TEM user, starting from the beginner level, including upper-division undergraduates, graduates, researchers, and engineers, on how to learn TEM efficiently in a short period of time. It is written primarily for materials science and engineering or related disciplines, while some applications in life sciences are also included. It covers most of the areas using TEM, including the instrumentation, sample preparation, diffraction, imaging, analytical microscopy, and some newly developed advanced microscopy techniques. In each topic, a theoretical background is firstly briefly outlined, followed with step-by-step instructions in experimental operation or computation. Some technical tips are given in order to obtain the best results. The practical procedures to acquire, analyze, and interpret the TEM data are therefore provided. This book may serve as a textbook for a TEM course or workshop, or a reference book for the TEM user to improve their TEM skills.

Transmission electron microscopy. --- Electron microscopy --- Analytical Electron Microscopy --- Ceramics --- Chemical Analysis --- Chemistry --- Composites --- Crystallography --- Electron Diffraction --- Electron Energy- Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) --- Forensic Science --- Geosciences --- Imaging --- Industry --- Life Sciences --- Materials Science and Engineering --- Metals and Alloys --- Microstructure --- Nanomaterials --- Nanoscience --- Nanotechnology --- Physics --- Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) --- Polymer --- Structure --- Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) --- X-ray Energy- Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)

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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Crystal Chemistry of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury that was published in Crystals

hydroxyl group --- bis(1 --- quinaldinic acid --- solidification --- xanthate --- wurtzite --- mechanical --- EBSD --- oxo-centred polyhedra --- coordination polymer --- precipitation --- 5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid --- defects in semiconductors --- zinc(II) complexes --- precursor --- nanometer zinc oxide --- zinc --- thermal analysis --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- crystal chemistry --- pyridine --- dithiocarbamate --- high magnetic field --- index of X-ray powder diffraction data --- 1 --- hydrogen bonding --- 2 --- luminescence --- cadmium --- interface structure --- 3-bis(1 --- mercury --- aqueous solution method --- crystallography --- growth mechanism --- PL spectra --- phonon dispersion --- coordination polymers --- 4-triazol-1-yl)propane --- CdZnTe --- oxochromates(VI) --- Ni3Sn structure type --- structural chemistry --- dithiophosphates --- traveling heater method --- ZnO nanorod arrays --- copper amalgams --- dental amalgams --- unusual coordination modes --- CdS --- zinc-rich crystal --- 4-triazol-1-yl)methane --- elastic --- crystal structure --- phonon --- bitopic ligand --- room-temperature solid state reaction --- zinc complex --- characterization --- crystal engineering --- ZnS --- hydrogen bond

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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Crystal Chemistry of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury that was published in Crystals

hydroxyl group --- bis(1 --- quinaldinic acid --- solidification --- xanthate --- wurtzite --- mechanical --- EBSD --- oxo-centred polyhedra --- coordination polymer --- precipitation --- 5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid --- defects in semiconductors --- zinc(II) complexes --- precursor --- nanometer zinc oxide --- zinc --- thermal analysis --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- crystal chemistry --- pyridine --- dithiocarbamate --- high magnetic field --- index of X-ray powder diffraction data --- 1 --- hydrogen bonding --- 2 --- luminescence --- cadmium --- interface structure --- 3-bis(1 --- mercury --- aqueous solution method --- crystallography --- growth mechanism --- PL spectra --- phonon dispersion --- coordination polymers --- 4-triazol-1-yl)propane --- CdZnTe --- oxochromates(VI) --- Ni3Sn structure type --- structural chemistry --- dithiophosphates --- traveling heater method --- ZnO nanorod arrays --- copper amalgams --- dental amalgams --- unusual coordination modes --- CdS --- zinc-rich crystal --- 4-triazol-1-yl)methane --- elastic --- crystal structure --- phonon --- bitopic ligand --- room-temperature solid state reaction --- zinc complex --- characterization --- crystal engineering --- ZnS --- hydrogen bond --- hydroxyl group --- bis(1 --- quinaldinic acid --- solidification --- xanthate --- wurtzite --- mechanical --- EBSD --- oxo-centred polyhedra --- coordination polymer --- precipitation --- 5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid --- defects in semiconductors --- zinc(II) complexes --- precursor --- nanometer zinc oxide --- zinc --- thermal analysis --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- crystal chemistry --- pyridine --- dithiocarbamate --- high magnetic field --- index of X-ray powder diffraction data --- 1 --- hydrogen bonding --- 2 --- luminescence --- cadmium --- interface structure --- 3-bis(1 --- mercury --- aqueous solution method --- crystallography --- growth mechanism --- PL spectra --- phonon dispersion --- coordination polymers --- 4-triazol-1-yl)propane --- CdZnTe --- oxochromates(VI) --- Ni3Sn structure type --- structural chemistry --- dithiophosphates --- traveling heater method --- ZnO nanorod arrays --- copper amalgams --- dental amalgams --- unusual coordination modes --- CdS --- zinc-rich crystal --- 4-triazol-1-yl)methane --- elastic --- crystal structure --- phonon --- bitopic ligand --- room-temperature solid state reaction --- zinc complex --- characterization --- crystal engineering --- ZnS --- hydrogen bond

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The papers collected in this special issue clearly reflect the modern research trends in materials science. These fields of specific attention are high-Mn TWIP steels, high-Cr heat resistant steels, aluminum alloys, ultrafine grained materials including those developed by severe plastic deformation, and high-entropy alloys. The major portion of the collected papers is focused on the mechanisms of microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of metallic materials subjected to various thermo-mechanical, deformation or heat treatments. Another large portion of the studies is aimed on the elaboration of alloying design of advanced steels and alloys. The changes in phase content, transformation and particle precipitation and their effect on the properties are also broadly presented in this collection, including the microstructure/property changes caused by irradiation.

n/a --- microstructure --- high-pressure torsion --- electron backscattered diffraction --- grain boundary engineering --- strengthening mechanism --- precipitation --- recrystallization --- bimodal ferrite steel --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- hot compression --- metal–matrix composite --- columnar grain --- shape memory alloy --- hardness --- structural steel plate --- dynamic recovery --- nonmetallic inclusions --- SEM --- Cu-Al-Mn --- ferritic steel --- strain rate --- strengthening --- elastocaloric effect --- Mg–Sm–Zn–Zr --- dynamic recrystallization --- growth rate --- corrosion resistance --- lead-free solder --- high-Mn TWIP steel --- Sn-8.0Sb-3.0Ag --- SDSS --- measuring temperature --- texture --- martensitic steels --- dynamic precipitation --- nanoindentation --- Al-Fe-Si-Zr system --- low-temperature --- orientation relationship --- M23C6 --- PWHT --- grain refinement --- force peak --- aging --- cycle time --- amorphization --- Al metal matrix composites --- aluminum alloys --- in situ tensile testing --- microstructure evolution --- Cu-Cr-Zr --- irradiation --- EBSD --- welded rotor --- ?-phase --- high-entropy alloys --- creep --- martensitic expansion --- super duplex stainless steel --- mechanical properties --- high-Mn steel --- ion irradiation --- austenitic 304 stainless steels --- impact toughness --- cold rolling --- ultrafine-grained microstructure --- press hardening --- mechanical property --- recovery --- annealing --- deformation twinning --- post-weld heat treatment --- rare earth control --- abnormal grain growth --- electron microscopy --- sub-merged arc welding --- M6C --- RAFM steels --- microstructure analysis --- electrical resistivity --- twinning --- Sb solder --- work hardening --- microhardness --- hot stamping --- weld metal --- electrical conductivity --- solder microstructure --- annealing twins --- metal-matrix composite --- Mg-Sm-Zn-Zr