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Les transcendantaux, qu'on les entende d'un point de vue ontologique, linguistique ou épistémologique, constituent un terrain sur lequel se sont mesurés, à travers des acceptions souvent différentes, les grands philosophes de tous les temps. Ce volume propose une approche de la métaphysique des transcendantaux moins linéaire qu'elle ne l'est d'habitude. Les analyses rassemblées témoignent, à travers la diversité des points de vue philosophiques, d'une suite de confrontations et de dialogues, qui sont ici suivis depuis l'Antiquité jusqu'au cœur de l'Age classique et qui rebondissent jusque dans la philosophie contemporaine.

Transcendentalism --- History --- Transcendentalism - History --- Transcendantaux

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Husserl, Edmund --- Husserl, Edmund, --- Phénoménologie --- --Phenomenology --- Transcendentalism --- History --- Phenomenology --- -Transcendentalism --- -Philosophy --- Philosophy, Modern --- Idealism --- -History --- -Husserl, Edmund --- Husserl, Edmond --- Philosophy --- Phenomenology - History - 20th century --- Transcendentalism - History - 20th century --- Husserl, Edmund, - 1859-1938 --- Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938

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Theory of knowledge --- Germany --- Time --- Transcendence (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, German --- Temps (Philosophie) --- Transcendance (Philosophie) --- Philosophie allemande --- Philosophy --- Phenomenology --- Transcendentalism --- History --- History. --- Hours (Time) --- Geodetic astronomy --- Nautical astronomy --- Horology --- Philosophy&delete& --- Time - Philosophy - History --- Phenomenology - History --- Transcendentalism - History --- Philosophy, German - History --- Temps (philosophie) --- Idéalisme allemand --- Philosophie transcendantale --- Phénoménologie --- Allemagne

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Der Autor verteidigt Kant gegen den in der Forschung etablierten Vorwurf, bei seinem "System der transzendentalen Ideen" handele es sich um einen allzu künstlichen und vor allem missglückten Versuch, tradierte Probleme der metaphysica specialis in seine eigene Theorie der Erkenntnisvermögen einzubetten. Kant gelingt aber im Rahmen seiner Annahmen die subjektive Deduktion dieser Begriffe vom Unbedingten. Zudem bilden die transzendentalen Ideen ein rekonstruktionsfähiges "System", welches sich harmonisch auf das der Kategorien beziehen lässt. Mit seiner Studie korrigiert Klimmek die bisher in der Kant-Forschung gezeichneten Bilder vom systematischen Aufbau und der Tiefenstruktur der "transzendentalen Dialektik" der "Kritik der reinen Vernunft" in wichtigen Aspekten. The author defends Kant against the criticism well established among scholars that his "system of transcendental ideas" represents an excessively artificial and above all unsuccessful attempt to embed traditional problems of metaphysica specialis in his own theory of epistemological capacity. With his assumptions Kant succeeds however in subjectively deducing these concepts of the unconditional. In addition, the transcendental ideas form a reconstructable "system" which can be related to that of the categories. Kimmek presents a study which corrects important aspects of the views previously held in Kant research of the systematic construction and deep structure of the "transcendental dialectic" of the Critique of Pure Reason.

Transcendental logic --- Transcendentalism --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Judgment (Logic) --- History --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Logic, Transcendental --- Philosophy --- Philosophy, Modern --- Idealism --- Impersonal judgment --- Logic --- Reasoning --- Predicaments (Categories) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Ontology --- Predicate (Logic) --- Transcendental logic. --- Transcendentalism - History - 18th century --- Categories (Philosophy) - History - 18th century --- Judgment (Logic) - History - 18th century --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804 - Kritik der reinen Vernunft

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In this lively look at current debates in American philosophy, leading philosophers talk candidly about the changing character of their discipline. In the spirit of Emerson's The American Scholar, this book explores the identity of the American philosopher. Through informal conversations, the participants discuss the rise of post-analytic philosophy in America and its relations to European thought and to the American pragmatist tradition. They comment on their own intellectual development as well as each others' work, charting the course of American philosophy over the past few decades. Giovanna Borradori, in her substantial introduction, explains the history of the analytic movement in America and the home-grown reaction against it. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, American philosophy was a socially engaged interdisciplinary enterprise. In transcendentalism and pragmatism, then the dominant currents in American thought, philosophy was connected to history, psychology, and public issues. But in the 1930's, the imported European movement of logical positivism redefined philosophical discourse in terms of mathematical logic and theory of language. Under the influence of this analytic view, American philosophy became a professionalized discipline, divorced from public debate and intellectual history and antagonistic to the other, more humanistic tradition of continental thought. The American Philosopher explores the opposition between analytic and continental thought and shows how recent American work has begun to bridge the gap between the two traditions. Through a reexamination of pragmatism, and through an attempt to understand philosophy in a more hermeneutical way, the participants narrow the distance between America's distinctly scientific philosophy and Europe's more literary approach. Moving beyond classical analytic philosophy, the participants confront each other on a number of topics. The logico-linguistic orientations of Quine and Davidson come up against the more discursive, interdisciplinary agendas of Rorty, Putnam, and Cavell. Nozick's theory of pluralist anarchism goes face-to-face with the aesthetic neo-foundationalism of Danto. And Kuhn's hypothesis of paradigm shifts is measured against MacIntyre's ethics of "virtues." Borradori's conversations offer an unconventional portrait of the way philosophers think about their work; scholars and students will not be its only beneficiaries, so will everyone who wonders about the current state of American philosophy.

Philosophers. --- Philosophy, American. --- Philosophy, American --- Philosophers --- Philosophy & Religion --- Philosophy --- Scholars --- American philosophy --- Interviews --- kuhn, macintyre, cavell, rorty, danto, nozick, putnam, davidson, quine, philosophy, post-analytic, pragmatism, transcendentalism, history, psychology, logical positivism, logic, language, ethics, virtue, judaism, anarchy, nonfiction, academia, skepticism, democracy, aristotle, nietzsche, pluralism, interdisciplinary, science, rationalism, reason.