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Dieses Open-Access-Buch führt auf der Spur der Trade-offs der Nachhaltigkeit vom Versuch einer sprachlogischen Aufarbeitung des Nachhaltigkeitsbegriffs aus in die zweiwertige Logik. Die klassische Logik führt hinein in ein Modell boolescher Algebra, um weiter zu drei- und mehrwertigen Logiken vorzudringen. Inspiriert von neuen digital erzeugbaren Kalkülen, die z. B. in Verbindung mit den in der Systemtheorie Luhmanns behandelten re-entry stehen, werden die Leser*innen in wissenschaftlich experimentell angelegte, virtuell und imaginär designte Aufstellungsräume geführt. Dieses Open-Access-Buch offeriert Erkenntnisse aufgrund einer Methode, die Nachhaltigkeit nachhaltig immer wieder neu hervorzubringen vermag, wenn sich die jeweils relevanten Protagonisten auf Science Constellations einlassen.

Economics --- Science Constellations --- ambiges Denken --- Nachhaltigkeit --- Trade-offs --- Logik --- Intuition --- Mindshift

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Aim : Erythrophleum species and gene pools, despite being morphologically similar, oc-
cupy contrasted habitats. The aim of this work is to determine if Erythrophleum species
and gene pools respond differently to shade and drought, to understand the underlying
mechanisms that explain these differences by measuring traits on control seedlings, and
finally to understand if these differences can explain their distribution patterns.
Location : Industrial site of Pallisco-CIFM in Mindourou, Cameroon, and two zones
in southern (Dja-and-Lobo department) and central Cameroon (Mba-and-Kim depart-
ment).
Methods : The work consisted of an in situ and a drought and shade experiment. Dur-
ing the in situ experiment, two zones where species or gene pools are coexisting were
sampled. During the drought/shade experiment, two modalities of drought (watered or
non watered) and two modality of light (low light and hight light) were tested on 190
seedlings from two species and six gene pools to compare their response to stress. At the
end of the experiment, functional traits were measured on 56 control seedlings.
Results : Allometric models have been calculated and phenophases compared for field
individuals sampled in the field of two gene pools. Differences of phenophases and crown
shape have been highlighted. No clear difference between species and gene pools were
observed experimentally in seedling survival and response to drought and shade. Differ-
ences of functional traits have been found between species and gene pools, suaW having
more drought-adapted traits than any other pool.
Main conclusions : Dry forests gene pools had more drought tolerant traits than pools
found in wetter forests, but did not show more resistance to drought or more sensitivity
to shade in the drought/shade experiment. A difference exist but is thin because of
the morphological proximity of the pools and species, supporting the ecological gradient
hypothesis.

Tropical forests, Central Africa, Cameroon, Erythrophleum, ecological specialisation, trade-offs, gene pools, functional traits, allometry, diversification, stress tolerance --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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Policy makers use financial sector strategies to formulate a holistic policy for their national financial sectors. This paper examines and rates financial sector strategies around the world based on how well they formulate development targets, arrangements for systemic risk management, and implementation plans. The strategies are also rated on whether they consider policy trade-offs between financial development and systemic risk management. The rated strategies are then benchmarked against a wide range of country characteristics. The analysis finds that the scope and quality of national strategies for the financial sector are influenced by the country's type of legal system, its level of income and macroeconomic stability, the existing financial depth and inclusion, the share of foreign ownership in the national financial sector, and the experience of past financial crises. Giving due consideration to policy trade-offs, particularly between financial development and systemic risk management, remains the weakest part of these strategies. Countries with civil- and religious-based law and those with a higher share of foreign ownership in their financial system address the policy trade-offs more often.

Banks and Banking Reform --- Debt Markets --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Development --- Financial Sector Policy Formulation --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Policy Implementation --- Policy Objectives --- Private Sector Development --- Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measure --- Public Sector Development --- Systemic Risk Management --- Trade-Offs

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From acclaimed political scientist Diana Mutz, a revealing look at why people's attitudes on trade differ from their own self-interestWinners and Losers challenges conventional wisdom about how American citizens form opinions on international trade. While dominant explanations in economics emphasize personal self-interest-and whether individuals gain or lose financially as a result of trade-this book takes a psychological approach, demonstrating how people view the complex world of international trade through the lens of interpersonal relations.Drawing on psychological theories of preference formation as well as original surveys and experiments, Diana Mutz finds that in contrast to the economic view of trade as cooperation for mutual benefit, many Americans view trade as a competition between the United States and other countries-a contest of us versus them. These people favor trade as long as they see Americans as the "winners" in these interactions, viewing trade as a way to establish dominance over foreign competitors. For others, trade is a means of maintaining more peaceful relations between countries. Just as individuals may exchange gifts to cement relationships, international trade is a tie that binds nations together in trust and cooperation.Winners and Losers reveals how people's orientations toward in-groups and out-groups play a central role in influencing how they think about trade with foreign countries, and shows how a better understanding of the psychological underpinnings of public opinion can lead to lasting economic and societal benefits.

Management. --- United States. --- Alexandra Guisinger. --- American Opinion on Trade. --- American trade policy. --- NAFTA. --- North American Free Trade Agreement. --- US-Mexico-Canada Agreement. --- WTO. --- World Trade Organization. --- competitiveness. --- demographics. --- gender differences. --- globalization. --- international affairs. --- jobs. --- labor. --- multiculturalism. --- outgroups. --- overseas jobs. --- political economy. --- political psychology. --- racial attitudes. --- social safety net. --- sociology. --- status threat. --- trade policy. --- trade preferences. --- trade-offs. --- trolley problem. --- xenophobia. --- zero-sum.

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Asset pricing, investment, and trading strategies are very important in finance. They are useful in various situations, for example, supporting the decision-making process of choosing investments; determining the asset-specific required rate of return on the investment; pricing derivatives for trading or hedging; getting portfolios from fixed incomes or bonds, stocks, and other assets; evaluating diverse portfolios; determining macroeconomic variables affecting market prices; calculating option prices; and incorporating features such as mean reversion and volatility, etc. They can also be applied in financial forecast for assets, portfolios, business projects.Understanding, modeling, and using various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies is paramount in many different areas of finance and investment, including banking, stocks, bonds, currencies, and related financial derivatives. Different asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies also allow us to compare the performances of different variables through the analysis of empirical real-world data.This Special Issue on "Asset Pricing, Investment, and Trading Strategies” will be devoted to advancements in the theoretical development of various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies as well as to their applications.The Special Issue will encompass innovative theoretical developments, challenging and exciting practical applications, and interesting case studies in the development and analysis of various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies in finance and cognate disciplines.

quantile --- correlogram --- dependence --- predictability --- market efficiency --- state ownership --- risk-taking behavior --- investment --- Vietnam --- GMM --- nonlinearity --- trading strategy --- trade-offs --- transport operations --- competitiveness --- sustainability --- growth --- ARDL --- stock exchange --- capitalization --- turnover --- value traded --- agricultural commodity future prices --- extreme value --- NON-stationary Extreme Value Analysis (NEVA) --- Newton-optimal method --- high-frequency data --- market liquidity --- sovereign bonds --- spillover --- backwardation --- economic regimes --- momentum strategy --- systematic trading --- jumps identification --- swap variance --- integrated volatility --- realized volatility