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Naturalism and Democracy , first published in German in 2014, presents a long-awaited commentary on Spinoza’s Political Treatise (Tractatus politicus) . Its contents reflect a recent intensification in the interest in Spinoza’s political philosophy in Germany. The volume addresses Spinoza’s political philosophy according to its place within his philosophical system as a whole, beginning with his theory of the natural genesis of law and state. Following from this are commentaries on the foundations of political philosophy, the relation of natural and state law, the theory of sovereignty, and theory of international relations. These chapters lay the basis for four essays interpreting Spinoza’s attempt to conceive of a systematic optimization of political and legal institutions for all three forms of governance (monarchy, aristocracy, democracy). The volume closes with an analysis of the current relevance of Spinoza’s political thinking and his influence on contemporary debates.
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Le paradoxe fondamental qui vient à la fois constituer et mettre en péril la politique, c’est qu’il n’y a pas d’autorité des institutions et des lois sans le soutien au moins tacite et spontané de la multitude, multitude dont il s’agit en même temps de reconnaître qu’elle est composée d’individus et de groupes sociaux qui désirent n’en faire qu’à leur tête. Ce paradoxe est souvent dénié par les philosophies politiques qui se contentent d’invoquer une légitimité idéale pour justifier une obéissance en droit. Les concepts de disposition et d’habitus, tels qu’ils sont théorisés par Pierre Bourdieu, permettent de comprendre à même la pratique comment s’établit, de fait, la domination d’un ordre. Spinoza, tout en s’accordant sur des points fondamentaux avec le sociologue, insiste néanmoins sur la dimension passionnelle et donc inconstante des dispositions, et par là assume davantage encore le paradoxe. Un pouvoir n’est obéi que s’il sait se faire désirer, qu’il soit légitime ou non. C’est alors une conception de l’État et des institutions politiques tout à fait originale qu’élabore le Traité politique, où il s’agit moins de les fonder en légitimité que de les faire fonctionner malgré, et même par, les passions pourtant inconstantes et variées du vulgaire. Encore faut-il que cette domination s’exerce au profit de tous et de chacun : une Realpolitik, au sens de Pierre Bourdieu, est ainsi constituée par Spinoza, où le pouvoir n’est détenu par personne en particulier, mais dispose tous les citoyens à la concorde et à la paix, malgré eux mais, autant que possible, de bon gré.
Power (Social sciences) --- State, The --- Political science --- Philosophy. --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, --- Bourdieu, Pierre, --- Tractatus politicus (Spinoza, Benedictus de). --- Philosophy --- philosophie --- Spinoza --- déterminisme --- critique et interprétation --- institution --- disposition --- Bourdieu --- tractatus politicus
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Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Spinoza, Baruch --- Philosophy and religion --- Free thought --- Political science --- Philosophie et religion --- History --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, --- Free thought. --- Philosophy and religion. --- Political science. --- Tractatus politicus (Spinoza, Benedictus de). --- Tractatus theologico-politicus (Spinoza, Benedictus de). --- 1600-1699.
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Relégué pendant longtemps à l’arrière-plan, au profit de l’Éthique et du Traité théologico-politique, le Traité politique est aujourd’hui au cœur des études spinozistes. Son originalité tient en particulier à l’apparition de l’énigmatique concept de "multitude libre", qui se substitue à la théorie du contrat et sert aujourd’hui de référence centrale à un certain nombre de penseurs contemporains, tel Antonio Negri ou Étienne Balibar. Ce nouveau concept permet de penser autrement le problème de la constitution de l’État, de sa production et de sa reproduction à travers la seule logique des affects. Le présent ouvrage fait le point sur les recherches actuelles autour du Traité politique, de la traduction de ses principaux concepts à ses usages possibles pour concevoir le pouvoir et l’émancipation politiques aujourd’hui.
Political science --- Philosophy --- History --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, --- Political and social views --- Political and social views. --- Spinoza, Baruch --- Political science - Philosophy - History - 17th century --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, - 1632-1677. - Tractatus politicus --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, - 1632-1677 - Political and social views --- Spinoza, Benedictus de, - 1632-1677
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Nietzsche's impact on the world of culture, philosophy, and the arts is uncontested, but his political thought remains mired in controversy. By placing Nietzsche back in his late-nineteenth-century German context, Nietzsche's Great Politics moves away from the disputes surrounding Nietzsche's appropriation by the Nazis and challenges the use of the philosopher in postmodern democratic thought. Rather than starting with contemporary democratic theory or continental philosophy, Hugo Drochon argues that Nietzsche's political ideas must first be understood in light of Bismarck's policies, in particular his "Great Politics," which transformed the international politics of the late nineteenth century.Nietzsche's Great Politics shows how Nietzsche made Bismarck's notion his own, enabling him to offer a vision of a unified European political order that was to serve as a counterbalance to both Britain and Russia. This order was to be led by a "good European" cultural elite whose goal would be to encourage the rebirth of Greek high culture. In relocating Nietzsche's politics to their own time, the book offers not only a novel reading of the philosopher but also a more accurate picture of why his political thought remains so relevant today.
Demokratie. --- Politik. --- Philosophie. --- Political and social views. --- Nietzsche, Friedrich, --- Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, --- Philosophieren --- Philosoph --- Philosophin --- Staatspolitik --- Politische Lage --- Politische Entwicklung --- Politische Situation --- Volksherrschaft --- Demokratischer Staat --- Democracy --- Herrschaftssystem --- Parteienstaat --- Republik --- Volkssouveränität --- Demokratische Bewegung --- Demokrat --- Postdemokratie --- Political and social views of a person --- After Virtue. --- Alexander Nehamas. --- Ancient Greece. --- Aphorism. --- Apollonian and Dionysian. --- Aristocracy. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Bellum omnium contra omnes. --- Bernard Williams. --- Beyond Good and Evil. --- Bonnie Honig. --- Brian Leiter. --- Cambridge University Press. --- Career. --- Concept. --- Contemporary society. --- Contradiction. --- Critique. --- Darwinism. --- David Runciman. --- Democracy. --- Democratization. --- Disenchantment. --- Ethics. --- Existence. --- Franco-Prussian War. --- Friedrich Nietzsche. --- German philosophy. --- God is dead. --- Good and evil. --- Hegelianism. --- High culture. --- Hostility. --- Institution. --- Intellectual. --- J. W. Burrow. --- Jacques Derrida. --- Jews. --- John Rawls. --- Last man. --- Lecture. --- Legislation. --- Legitimacy (political). --- Literature. --- Machiavellianism. --- Martin Heidegger. --- Master–slave morality. --- Mazzino Montinari. --- Modernity. --- Morality. --- Nachlass. --- Nation state. --- Nihilism. --- Of Education. --- On the Genealogy of Morality. --- Oxford University Press. --- Pathos. --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks. --- Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. --- Philosophy. --- Plato. --- Platonism. --- Political party. --- Political philosophy. --- Politics. --- Postmodernism. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Princeton University Press. --- Quentin Skinner. --- Radicalism (historical). --- Ralph Waldo Emerson. --- Realpolitik. --- Regulatory state. --- Religion. --- Republic (Plato). --- Ressentiment. --- Rhetoric. --- Romanticism. --- Routledge. --- Self-interest. --- Slavery. --- State (polity). --- State of nature. --- Suggestion. --- Superiority (short story). --- The Birth of Tragedy. --- The End of History and the Last Man. --- The Gay Science. --- The Philosopher. --- Theory. --- Thomas Hobbes. --- Thought. --- Thus Spoke Zarathustra. --- Tractatus Politicus. --- Transvaluation of values. --- Twilight of the Idols. --- Will to power. --- Writing. --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Nietzsche, Friedrich
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