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surrealisme --- Toyen (pseud.) --- Toyen --- Toyen (pseud.).
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Die in Prag geborene Marie Čermínová, genannt TOYEN von französisch »Citoyen« (Bürger) schuf ein einzigartiges Werk jenseits gängiger Stile, Themen, Techniken und Geschlechterrollen. Ihr außergewöhnliches Leben und Schaffen trifft im fundiert erzählten, opulenten Band auf Werke und Texte von Weggefährten wie André Breton, Salvador Dalí, Jindřich Heisler, Jindřich Štyrský oder Yves Tanguy. Mit ihrem beeindruckenden Œuvre gilt sie als Ausnahmeerscheinung des internationalen Surrealismus und der Nachkriegskunst sowie als bedeutendste tschechische Künstlerin des 20. Jahrhunderts.
surrealisme --- Toyen --- Toyen, --- Čermínová, Marie,
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Book history --- Štyrský, Jindřich --- Toyen
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Marie Čermínová, dite Toyen, née à Prague le 21 septembre 1902 et morte à Paris le 9 novembre 1980, est une artiste peintre surréaliste tchèque. Dans ses premières œuvres, Toyen s'inspire d'un cubisme « puriste » qu'elle abandonne pour une série de tableaux naïfs aux sujets exotiques. En 1925, elle s'installe à Paris avec le peintre Jindřich Štyrský. Ils créent un nouveau style qu'ils appellent « artificialisme », par lequel ils anticipent de nombreux éléments de l'abstraction lyrique ultérieure. Il s'agit pour eux de faire coïncider l'aventure plastique avec une pratique existentielle de la poésie, le tableau artificialiste provoquant des émotions qui ne sont pas seulement optiques, mais aussi poétiques, de sorte que « miroir sans image, l'artificialisme est l'identification du peintre et du poète ». Ils rencontrent le groupe surréaliste. Durant la période de la Seconde guerre mondiale, elle abandonne pratiquement la peinture pour se consacrer au dessin.Annie Le Brun est devenue une amie très proche de Toyen, et la considérait comme une des artistes majeures de son siècle, notamment pour son indépendance artistique et idéologique, son opposition aux totalitarismes de l'époque (l'hitlérisme et le stalinisme), sa révolte existentielle, son mépris pour la peinture comme affaire esthétique et pour les peintres producteurs de peinture, ceux qu'elle appelait les “fabricants”.
Surréalisme --- Toyen, --- Women artists --- Art, Abstract --- Surrealism --- Painting, Czech --- Biography --- surrealisme --- Toyen (pseud.) --- surrealisme. --- Toyen (pseud.).
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Aesthetics of art --- Art styles --- fine arts [discipline] --- art criticism --- Modern [style or period] --- Surrealist --- Toyen --- Czech Republic
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fotomontages --- modernisme --- bibliofilie --- poëzie --- boekkunst --- literatuur --- avant-garde --- Styrský, Jindrich --- Tittelbach, Vojtech --- Muzika, Frantisek --- Heartfield, John --- Teige, Karel --- Szpyk, Vilém --- Heisler, Jindrich --- Toyen (pseud.) --- 20ste eeuw --- Tsjechië
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Frida Kahlo was just one of them: between 1930 and the 1960s many more women artists contributed to the Surrealist movement than has hitherto been assumed. The male Surrealists surrounding André Breton mostly saw them only as partners or models, but this volume shows how much more these women artists had to offer.00The dominant topic of male Surrealists was woman as goddess, she-devil, doll, fetish, child-woman, android, and dream creature. The women artists of Surrealism, on the other hand, were searching for a new female identity and incidentally discovered their own language of forms. And then there was the examination of political topics, literature and foreign myths. Painting, drawing, objects, photography and films complement each other to create an overall picture of the surreal and fanciful creative work of the women artists of the avant-garde from all over the world.
Art --- Surrealist --- surrealisme --- vrouw in de kunst --- anno 1900-1999 --- Surrealism --- Women artists --- Artists, Women --- Women as artists --- Artists --- History --- Exhibitions --- vrouwelijke kunstenaars --- Oppenheim, Meret --- Legge, Sheila --- Dulac, Germaine --- Graverol, Jane --- Baes, Rachel --- Toyen (pseud.) --- Tanning, Dorothea --- Deren, Maya --- Carrington, Leonora --- Zürn, Unica --- Bourgeois, Louise --- 20ste eeuw --- 7.037 --- Beeldende kunst ; 1ste helft 20ste eeuw ; 1930 - 1965 --- Surrealisme --- Vrouwelijke kunstenaars ; 20ste eeuw --- Kunstgeschiedenis--1900 - 1950 --- vrouwelijke kunstenaars. --- surrealisme. --- Oppenheim, Meret. --- Legge, Sheila. --- Dulac, Germaine. --- Graverol, Jane. --- Baes, Rachel. --- Toyen (pseud.). --- Tanning, Dorothea. --- Deren, Maya. --- Carrington, Leonora. --- Zürn, Unica. --- Bourgeois, Louise. --- 20ste eeuw.
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Although notorious for their idiosyncrasies, the surrealists revived artistic collaboration as an honorable and productive practice. Most of the famous surrealists were men, yet almost all were involved with women artists who were much more than sources of romantic inspiration. Precious little attention has been given to this most intricate of partnerships. 'Magnifying Mirrors' is the first study of the complex partnerships that stimulated and provoked these men and women. Each couple collaborated in its own unique way according to the varying importance ascribed to aesthetic, social, and political preoccupations. The twelve couples whom Rene;e riese Hubert describes are Sophie Taeuber and Hans Arp; Valentine and Roland Penrose; Leonora Carrington and Max Ernst; Unica Zurn and Hans Bellmer; Kay Sage and Yves Tanguy; Lee Miller and Man Ray; Aliced Rahon and Wolfgang Paalen; Remedios Varo and Benjamin Peret; Hannah Hoch and Raoul Hausmann; and Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera. Often the woman in a partnership, far younger than her male companion, had just begun her career as an artist and had entered the relationship as a junior partner in need of support and guidance. Not surprisingly, her association usually resulted in, and often ended with, an intense assertion of independence. In her examination of these partnerships, Hubert focuses on comparing the art that the couples produced, apart or together.
Man Ray --- Carrington, Leonora --- Toyen --- Miller, Lee --- Arp, Hans --- Rivera, Diego --- Styrsky, Jindrich --- Tanguy, Yves --- Heisler, Jindrich --- Zürn, Unica --- Ernst, Max --- Bellmer, Hans --- Penrose, Valentine --- Hausmann, Raoul --- Rahon, Alice --- Paalen, Wolfgang --- Oppenheim, Meret --- Kahlo, Frida --- Sage, Kay --- Höch, Hannah --- Varo, Remedios --- Penrose, Roland Algernon --- Taeuber-Arp, Sophie Henriette Gertrud --- Artist couples. --- Artistic collaboration. --- Surrealism. --- Women artists. --- Štyrský, Jindřich
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Art styles --- Sculpture --- Painting --- sculpture [visual works] --- painting [image-making] --- Surrealist --- Wagner, Josef --- Medek, Mikulás --- Fára, Libor --- Hoffmeister, Adolf --- Istler, Josef --- Janousek, Frantisek --- Novak, Ladislav --- Reichmann, Vilém --- Rykr, Zdenek --- Sklenář, Zdeněk --- Tikal, Václav --- Vobecký, František --- Wachsman, Aloïs --- Zykmund, Václav --- Medková, Emilia --- Nezval, Vítězslav --- Sudek, Josef --- Heisler, Jindrich --- Sima, Josef --- Štyrský, Jindřich --- Teige, Karel --- Toyen --- Kolář, Jiří --- Muzika, Frantisek --- anno 1930-1939 --- anno 1940-1949 --- anno 1950-1959 --- Czechoslovakia
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