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This authoritative and comprehensive account looks at the re-emergence of toxoplasmosis as a significant and potentially fatal infection. A team of acknowledged international experts review the latest diagnostic techniques, and the management of infection in pregnant women, neonates, the eye, transplant and other immunosuppressed patients and those with AIDS. The contentious issue of the role of screening during pregnancy and in the new-born is covered in depth. The introductory chapters on biology, immunology and epidemiology of the infection provide essential background to understanding the clinical disease. The full range of treatment strategies are presented in an easily accessible form. The natural history and life cycle of the causative organism, Toxoplasma gondii, provide a fascinating insight into one of the most successful parasites on earth. Although the burden of this disease varies greatly from country to country, it remains a global public health problem which affects about one billion individuals.
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Toxoplasmosis in animals. --- Toxoplasmosis. --- Toxoplasmosis, Animal.
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A infecção por Toxoplasma gondii é hoje muito disseminada ao redor do mundo, especialmente no Brasil. A coletânea parte da história da descoberta desse parasita e da doença por ele causada, a toxoplasmose, e visita os diferentes aspectos relacionados ao tema. São apresentados o ciclo evolutivo, a epidemiologia, o diagnóstico, o quadro clínico e o tratamento, em uma ampla revisão sobre o assunto, provavelmente a mais completa já realizada. Somente nos anos 1970 desvendou-se o ciclo de vida desse protozoário, do qual o gato é hospedeiro definitivo. Outros animais de sangue quente, entre eles o ser humano, são hospedeiros intermediários. Muitos indivíduos infectados pelo T. gondii não apresentam sintomas, mas, quando a doença se manifesta, pode ter diferentes configurações, afetando gânglios, olhos, coração, pulmões, fígado, cérebro e meninges, ou articulações. Além de uma completa revisão, a obra também traz para o leitor o que há de mais atual no conhecimento científico acerca da toxoplasmose e do T. gondii. O livro cobre praticamente todos os campos do conhecimento sobre o agente etiológico e a doença, apresentando novos aspectos, particularmente em relação à bioquímica, à interação entre o parasita e a célula hospedeira e à resposta imunológica à infecção.
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The etiology of schizophrenia remains uncertain. The infectious hypothesis has emerged in recent years with various agents possibly responsible for this pathology. Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite inducing toxoplasmosis, is one of these agents with multiple epidemiological similarities to schizophrenia. The neuroleptics used in the treatment of schizophrenic people show effects inhibiting the parasite. Current studies attempts to demonstrate a link between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis by focusing on the use of Toxoplasma gondii therapy to reduce the impact of schizophrenic symptoms. The results obtained do not make it possible to demonstrate a causal relationship between these two pathologies. Some molecules such as artemether show a favorable effect on the decrease of negative symptoms. Other studies might address this hypothesis in future and provide more insights into the use of antiparasitic control therapy for the treatment or prevention of schizophrenia. L’étiologie de la schizophrénie reste incertaine. L’hypothèse infectieuse ressort depuis quelques années avec divers agents potentiellement responsables de la pathologie. Le Toxoplasma gondii, parasite induisant la toxoplasmose, est un de ces agents possédant de multiples similitudes épidémiologiques avec la schizophrénie. Les neuroleptiques utilisés lors du traitement de personnes schizophrènes montrent des effets sur l’inhibition de ce parasite. Les études actuelles tentent de démontrer l’existence d’un lien entre la schizophrénie et la toxoplasmose en se focalisant sur l’utilisation d’une thérapie ciblant le toxoplasme pour diminuer l’impact des symptômes schizophréniques. Les résultats obtenus ne permettent pas de démontrer une relation causale entre ces deux pathologiques. Certaines molécules comme l’artéméther montrent un effet favorable sur la diminution des symptômes négatifs. D’autres études pourraient à l’avenir s’intéresser à cette hypothèse et apporter plus d’éléments sur l’utilisation d’une thérapie antiparasitaire pour le traitement ou la prévention de la schizophrénie.
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Toxoplasmosis in animals. --- Toxoplasmosis. --- Toxoplasmosis, Animal. --- Toxoplasmosis --- Toxoplasmosis in animals --- Coccidiosis in animals --- Coccidiosis
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