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Der Tagungsband zum Symposion "Unternehmensstrafrecht", das im Rahmen der Reihe "Economy, Criminal Law, Ethics" (ECLE) am Institute for Law and Finance in Frankfurt am Main Ende November 2011 stattfand, beginnt mit einer Reflexion der gesellschaftspolitischen Impulse für eine stärkere Gemeinwohlorientierung von Unternehmen. Daran schließen sich Betrachtungen über die Einflüsse der europäischen Rechts- und Wirtschaftspolitik auf eine Intensivierung und Erweiterung der Unternehmenshaftung an. Die Überleitung dieser Thematik in die interdisziplinäre Behandlung der Probleme wird unterbrochen durch eine Bestandsaufnahme der gegenwärtigen Rechtslage in Deutschland, die im wesentlichen durch ein entsprechendes Ordnungswidrigkeitenrecht gekennzeichnet ist, und exemplarische Darstellungen ausländischer Regelungen (z.B. Spanien, USA). Die substanziellen Grundfragen werden dann aus soziologischer, ökonomischer, psychologischer und philosophischer Sicht beantwortet. In einem weiteren Abschnitt werden legislatorische Konzepte eines Unternehmensstrafrechts unter Berücksichtigung aktueller kriminalpolitischer Überlegungen erörtert. Der letzte Teil ist Alternativen gewidmet, für die sich eine europakonforme deutsche Gesetzgebung unter Berücksichtigung verfassungsrechtlicher Bedenken entscheiden könnte. In einem Ausblick wird ein Modell vorgestellt, das die großen Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden versucht, die sich aus dem Nebeneinander kollektiver und individueller Verantwortlichkeit ergeben.

Commercial crimes --- Corporate crime --- Crimes, Financial --- Financial crimes --- Offenses affecting the public trade --- Crime --- Tort Law.

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Causal uncertainty is a wide-spread phenomenon. Courts are often unable to determine whether a defendant's tortious conduct was a factual cause of a plaintiff's harm. Yet, sometimes courts can determine the probability that the defendant caused the plaintiff's harm, although often there is considerable variance in the probability estimate based on the available evidence. The conventional way to cope with this uncertainty has been to apply the evidentiary rule of 'standard of proof'. The application of this 'all or nothing' rule can lead to unfairness by absolving defendants who acted tortiously and may also create undesirable incentives that result in greater wrongful conduct and injustice to victims. Some courts have decided that this 'no-liability' outcome is undesirable. They have adopted rules of proportional liability that compensate plaintiffs according to the probability that their harm was caused by the defendant's tortious conduct. In 2005 the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL) made a breakthrough in this regard by embracing rules of proportional liability. This project, building on PETL, endeavours to make further inquiries into the desirable scope of proportional liability and to offer a more detailed view of its meaning, implications, and ramifications.

Insurance law --- Torts --- Autriche --- République tchèque --- Royaume-Uni --- Italie --- Pays-Bas --- Pologne --- Espagne --- Suisse --- France --- Allemagne --- Grèce --- Israël --- Norvège --- Afrique du Sud --- Etats-Unis --- Tort Law.

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The starting point for this project on the »Basic Questions of Tort Law« was the book written by Helmut Koziol, the »Basic Questions of Tort Law from a Germanic Perspective« (Sramek Verlag, 2012), a volume which presented an introduction into the law of torts from a Germanic perspective. Colleagues from seven countries were then invited to give critical responses to the ideas presented in the 2012 volume. The comparative law conclusions then attempt to pick up on the ideas expressed in the legal systems examined and to make them amenable for debate on the further development of the legal systems and their harmonisation.

Torts --- Law - Europe, except U.K. --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Tort law, damages, contract law, comparative law, unjust enrichment, criminal law, insurance law, social security law, injunctions, economic analysis, prescription, basic questions, aims of tort law. --- Schadenersatzrecht, Vertragsrecht, Rechtsvergleichung, Bereicherungsrecht, Strafrecht, Versicherungsrecht, Sozialversicherungsrecht, einstweilige Verfügungen, ökonomische Analysen, Verjährung, Grundfragen, Prinzipien des Schadenersatzrechts --- Tort law, damages, contract law, comparative law, unjust enrichment, criminal law, insurance law, social security law, injunctions, economic analysis, prescription, basic questions, aims of tort law. --- Schadenersatzrecht, Vertragsrecht, Rechtsvergleichung, Bereicherungsrecht, Strafrecht, Versicherungsrecht, Sozialversicherungsrecht, einstweilige Verfügungen, ökonomische Analysen, Verjährung, Grundfragen, Prinzipien des Schadenersatzrechts

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The starting point for this project on the »Basic Questions of Tort Law« was the book written by Helmut Koziol, the »Basic Questions of Tort Law from a Germanic Perspective« (Sramek Verlag, 2012), a volume which presented an introduction into the law of torts from a Germanic perspective. Colleagues from seven countries were then invited to give critical responses to the ideas presented in the 2012 volume. The comparative law conclusions then attempt to pick up on the ideas expressed in the legal systems examined and to make them amenable for debate on the further development of the legal systems and their harmonisation.

Torts --- Tort law, damages, contract law, comparative law, unjust enrichment, criminal law, insurance law, social security law, injunctions, economic analysis, prescription, basic questions, aims of tort law. --- Schadenersatzrecht, Vertragsrecht, Rechtsvergleichung, Bereicherungsrecht, Strafrecht, Versicherungsrecht, Sozialversicherungsrecht, einstweilige Verfügungen, ökonomische Analysen, Verjährung, Grundfragen, Prinzipien des Schadenersatzrechts

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The papers in this collection are drawn from a symposium held in Vienna in December 2010. Organised by the Institute for European Tort Law and the Chicago-Kent Law Review, in collaboration with the European Centre of Tort and Insurance Law, the conference drew together legal experts from 14 national or regional systems across six continents. Medical malpractice and compensation for medical injuries are issues which regularly create tension and innovation in national legal systems but the analysis of these areas is often limited to national audiences. This study examines the issues in a uniquely global context, demonstrating the breadth of approaches currently taken around the world and revealing key areas of tension and the likely direction of future developments. Wherever possible, the analysis is supported by reference to empirical data. The 14 legal systems covered in the collection are Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Poland, Scandinavia, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. A general comparative introduction completes the collection.

Medical law --- Tort and negligence --- Insurance law --- Physicians --- Medical malpractice --- Medical negligence --- Tort liability of physicians --- Malpractice --- Medical laws and legislation --- Defensive medicine --- Allopathic doctors --- Doctors --- Doctors of medicine --- MDs (Physicians) --- Medical doctors --- Medical profession --- Medical personnel --- Medicine --- Malpractice. --- Autriche --- Brésil --- Canada --- Chine --- France --- Allemagne --- Italie --- Japon --- Nouvelle-Zélande --- Pologne --- Afrique du Sud --- Royaume-Uni --- Etats-Unis --- Tort Law.