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In the Judeo-Christian tradition, the deity YHWH is often portrayed as an old man. One of the epithets used of YHWH in the Hebrew Bible, the Ancient of Days, is a source for this depiction of God as elderly. Yet, when we look closely at the early traditions of biblical Israel, we see a different picture: God is relatively youthful, a warrior who defends his people. This book is an examination of the question: How did God become old? The transformation from young deity to Ancient of Days took place at the intersection of two trajectories in the traditions of Israel. One trajectory is reflected in the way that apocalyptic traditions found in the book of Daniel recast the old Canaanite mythic imagery seen in the Ugaritic and early biblical texts. This trajectory allows YHWH to take on qualities, such as old age, that were not associated with him during most of Israel's history but were associated with El in the Canaanite traditions. The second trajectory, a depiction of Israel's God as elderly, is connected with the development of the idea of YHWH as father. The more comfortable the biblical tradents became with portraying YHWH as a father a metaphor that was not embraced in the early traditions the easier it became for the people of Israel to think of YHWH as occupying a stage of the human life cycle.

God (Judaism) --- Age of God --- Age --- Age. --- Attributes --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Gottesvorstellung. --- Alter. --- Zeit. --- Eigenschaft Gottes. --- Literatur. --- Jahwe. --- Altes Testament. --- Altes Testament --- Tenach --- Testamentum vetus --- Vetus testamentum --- Erstes Testament --- <>Ancien Testament --- <> Old Testament --- Jüdische Bibel --- Tanach --- Tenakh --- Miqra --- <>ʿAhd al-ʿatīq --- Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Torah neviʾim u-ketuvim --- Sefer Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Tôrā nĕvîʾîm û-ḵtûvîm --- <> Israelitische Bibel --- <> Hebrew Bible --- Kyûyaku Seisho --- Tèstamènt bieu --- Nnom Elat --- תנ"ך --- תנך --- Alter Bund --- Israel --- Bibel --- Ugaritisch. --- Palaia Diathēk --- Literature. --- Belles-lettres --- Western literature (Western countries) --- World literature --- Philology --- Authors --- Authorship --- Antiguo Testamento --- Gottesbegriff --- Gottesgedanke --- Gottesidee --- Gotteskonzept --- Gottesbild --- Götterbild --- Gott --- Vorstellung --- Jahve --- Jehova --- Jhwh --- Yahwe --- YHWH --- Tetragramm --- Adonai --- Götterbild

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Known to most readers as author of Leviticus in the Jewish Publication Society Torah Commentary series and Numbers 1–20 in the Anchor Bible series, as well as numerous essays in Bible dictionaries and encyclopedias, Baruch Levine holds the place of honor in this collection. The volume has been compiled by the students, colleagues, and friends known to him over his many years of professorship at New York University. Included in the festschrift are 36 essays in English and 5 essays in Hebrew.

Jews --- Judaism --- History. --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Middle East --- Arab countries --- History --- Judentum. --- Aufsatzsammlung. --- Geschichte. --- Levine, Baruch A. --- Altes Testament. --- "Bible. --- Altes Testament --- Tenach --- Testamentum vetus --- Vetus testamentum --- Erstes Testament --- <>Ancien Testament --- <> Old Testament --- Jüdische Bibel --- Tanach --- Tenakh --- Miqra --- <>ʿAhd al-ʿatīq --- Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Torah neviʾim u-ketuvim --- Sefer Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Tôrā nĕvîʾîm û-ḵtûvîm --- <> Israelitische Bibel --- <> Hebrew Bible --- Kyûyaku Seisho --- Tèstamènt bieu --- Nnom Elat --- תנ"ך --- תנך --- Alter Bund --- Israel --- Bibel --- Alter Orient. --- Moyen-Orient --- Juden. --- Antiguo Testamento --- Jews - History. --- Judaism - History. --- Middle East - History - To 622. --- 221 <082> --- Bijbel: Oud Testament--Feestbundels. Festschriften

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"Biblical Hebrew is studied worldwide by university students, seminarians, and the educated public. It is also studied, almost universally, through a single prism--that of the Tiberian Masoretic tradition, which is the best attested and most widely available tradition of biblical Hebrew. Thanks in large part to its endorsement by Maimonides, it also became the most prestigious of vocalization tradition in the Middle Ages. For most, biblical Hebrew is synonymous with Tiberian biblical Hebrew. There are, however, other vocalization traditions. What is still lacking is a comprehensive and systematic overview of the different periods, sources, and traditions of biblical Hebrew. This handbook provides students and the public with easily accessible, reliable, and current information in English concerning the multi-faceted nature of biblical Hebrew. Noted scholars in each of the various fields contributed their expertise. The result is the present two-volume work. The first contains an in-depth introduction to each tradition; and the second presents sample accompanying texts that exemplify the descriptions of the parallel introductory chapters"--

Hebrew language --- Jewish language --- Jews --- Semitic languages, Northwest --- Grammar, Comparative. --- Languages --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Language, style. --- Grammatik --- Hebräisch --- Bible --- Bibel --- Altes Testament --- Tenach --- Testamentum vetus --- Vetus testamentum --- Erstes Testament --- <>Ancien Testament --- <> Old Testament --- Jüdische Bibel --- Tanach --- Tenakh --- Miqra --- <>ʿAhd al-ʿatīq --- Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Torah neviʾim u-ketuvim --- Sefer Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Tôrā nĕvîʾîm û-ḵtûvîm --- <> Israelitische Bibel --- <> Hebrew Bible --- Kyûyaku Seisho --- Tèstamènt bieu --- Nnom Elat --- תנ"ך --- תנך --- Alter Bund --- Israel --- Palaia Diathēk --- Antiguo Testamento --- Althebräisch --- Biblisches Hebräisch --- Bibelhebräisch --- Alttestamentliches Hebräisch --- Klassisches Hebräisch --- Biblisch-hebräisch --- Kanaanäische Sprachen --- Jüdische Sprachen --- Hebraistik --- Grammatiker

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This book celebrates the contributions to Old Testament theology of Elmer A. Martens, President and Professor of Old Testament at Mennonite Brethren Biblical Seminary, Fresno, California (both positions now Emeritus). It includes 3 essays written by Martens himself, as well as 15 others written by his former students, colleagues, friends, and even one of his professors! The essays are clustered around three topics—Christians’ use of the Old Testament, aligning God’s people with God’s call for justice, and addressing the issue of land in the life of God’s people—each of which reflects an area of special interest to Martens. A biographical sketch, a list of the honoree’s varied publications, and indexes are included.Martens has had a productive career as teacher, author, and preacher—a career spanning almost six decades and five continents. After 40 years of seminary teaching, Elmer is known to many as professor. He taught his signature class, Old Testament theology, from 1968 to 2004 at Mennonite Brethren Biblical Seminary, shaping an entire generation of preachers and Bible teachers. His Old Testament theology textbook, God’s Design, now in its third edition, continues to be used at the seminary as well as in translation in numerous other schools around the world.

Justice --- Nature in the Bible. --- Nature --- Philosophy of nature --- Religion and science --- Biblical teaching. --- Religious aspects. --- Religious interpretations --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Ba-yon Tipan --- Bagong Tipan --- Jaji ma Hungi --- Kainē Diathēkē --- New Testament --- Nouveau Testament --- Novo Testamento --- Novum Testamentum --- Novyĭ Zavet --- Novyĭ Zavi︠e︡t Gospoda nashego Īisusa Khrista --- Novyĭ Zavit --- Nuevo Testamento --- Nuovo Testamento --- Nye Testamente --- Perjanjian Baru --- Dhamma sacʻ kyamʻʺ --- Injīl --- Relation to the Old Testament. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Use. --- Earth (Planet) --- In the Bible --- Earth in the Bible. --- Earth in the Bible --- Volk Gottes --- Verheissung --- Christentum --- Theologie --- Earth (Planet) in the Bible. --- RELIGION --- Religion, Primitive --- Atheism --- Irreligion --- Religions --- Theology --- Biblical Criticism & Interpretation --- Old Testament. --- Katholische Kirche --- Bibel --- Altes Testament --- Tenach --- Testamentum vetus --- Vetus testamentum --- Erstes Testament --- <>Ancien Testament --- <> Old Testament --- Jüdische Bibel --- Tanach --- Tenakh --- Miqra --- <>ʿAhd al-ʿatīq --- Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Torah neviʾim u-ketuvim --- Sefer Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Tôrā nĕvîʾîm û-ḵtûvîm --- <> Israelitische Bibel --- <> Hebrew Bible --- Kyûyaku Seisho --- Tèstamènt bieu --- Nnom Elat --- תנ"ך --- תנך --- Alter Bund --- Israel --- In the Bible. --- Kainē Diathēk --- Novyĭ Zavi͡et Gospoda nashego Īisusa Khrista --- Palaia Diathēk --- Antiguo Testamento --- Christliche Theologie --- Heilsverheißung --- Gottesvolk --- Auserwähltes Volk --- Kirche --- Christenheit --- Christianitas --- Christianity --- Christliche Religion --- Christliche Weltanschauung --- Religion --- Christ --- Christin --- Auserwähltes Volk

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During the past decade, the period from the 7th century B.C.E. and later has been a major focus because it is thought to be the era when much of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament was formed. As a result, there has also been much interest in the historical developments of that time and specifically in the status of Judah and its neighbors. Three conferences dealing roughly with a century each were organized, and the first conference was held in Tel Aviv in 2001; the proceedings of that conference were published as Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-Babylonian Period. The second volume was published in early 2006, a report on the conference held in Heidelberg in July 2003: Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period.Judah and the Judeans in the Fourth Century B.C.E. is the publication of the proceedings of the third conference, which was held in Muenster, Germany, in August 2005; the essays in it focus on the century during which the Persian Empire fell to Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic kingdoms came to the fore.Participants whose contributions are published here are: R. Achenbach, R. Albertz, B. Becking, E. Ben Zvi, J. Blenkinsopp, E. Eshel, H. Eshel, L. L. Grabbe, A. Kloner, G. N. Knoppers, I. Kottsieper, A. Lemaire, O. Lipschits, Y. Magen, K. Schmid, I. Stern., O. Tal, D. Vanderhooft, J. Wiesehöfer, J. L. Wright, and J. W. Wright.

Jews --- Judaism --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- History --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Judaea (Region) --- Yehud (Persian province) --- Erets Yehudah (Region) --- Ereẓ Yehudah (Region) --- Judah, Land of (Region) --- Judea (Region) --- Land of Judah (Region) --- Yahūdhā (Region) --- Yehuda (Region) --- 933.32 --- 933.32 Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: hellenistische tijd--(332-63 v.Chr.) --- Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: hellenistische tijd--(332-63 v.Chr.) --- Conferences - Meetings --- Judentum. --- Achämeniden --- Jews. --- Religions --- Post-exilic period (Judaism) --- Religion --- Altes Testament. --- Bible --- Altes Testament --- Tenach --- Testamentum vetus --- Vetus testamentum --- Erstes Testament --- <>Ancien Testament --- <> Old Testament --- Jüdische Bibel --- Tanach --- Tenakh --- Miqra --- <>ʿAhd al-ʿatīq --- Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Torah neviʾim u-ketuvim --- Sefer Torah neviʾim ketuvim --- Tôrā nĕvîʾîm û-ḵtûvîm --- <> Israelitische Bibel --- <> Hebrew Bible --- Kyûyaku Seisho --- Tèstamènt bieu --- Nnom Elat --- תנ"ך --- תנך --- Alter Bund --- Israel --- Bibel --- Israel (Altertum) --- Judäa --- Middle East --- Asia --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Asian and Pacific Council countries --- Orient --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Palaia Diathēk --- Antiguo Testamento --- Jewish question --- Hellenistic Judaism --- Judaism, Hellenistic --- Jüdische Religion --- Judaismus --- Philosemitismus --- Jüdische Philosophie --- Jüdische Ethik --- Juden --- Land of