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Why do some middle-income countries diversify their economies but fail to upgrade - to produce world-class products based on local inputs and technological capacities? Why have the 'little tigers' of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, continued to lag behind the Newly Industrializing Countries of East Asia? Richard Doner goes beyond 'political will' by emphasizing institutional capacities and political pressures: development challenges vary; upgrading poses tough challenges that require robust institutional capacities. Such strengths are political in origin. They reflect pressures, such as security threats and resource constraints, which motivate political leaders to focus on efficiency more than clientelist payoffs. Such pressures help to explain the political institutions - 'veto players' - through which leaders operate. Doner assesses this argument by analyzing Thai development historically, in three sectors (sugar, textiles, and autos) and in comparison with both weaker and stronger competitors (Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan, Brazil, and South Korea).

Economic development --- Thailand --- Industries --- Economic policy --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Economic policy. --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Economic development - Thailand --- Thailand - Economic policy

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Since the mid-1960s, Thailand's growth performance has been exceptional. Although hard hit by the external shocks fo the late 1970s and the early 1980s that proved severely destabilizing to many developing countries, Thailand showed remarkable reslience: price stability was quickly restored, and the Thai economy emerged from this period with strong recovery in growth and investment, in an environment of overall macroeconomic stability. This study examines the evolution of investment and growth and Thailand's macroeconomic and structural policies, with a view to understanding the main factors that have led to this impressive economic performance.

Third World: economic development problems --- Thailand --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy) --- Economic conditions --- Economic policy --- -330.35 <593> --- developpement economique --- politique economique --- thailande --- ID / Indonesia - Indonesie --- TH / Thailand - Thailande --- 331.31 --- 331.30 --- 333.820 --- 330.05 --- 338.9593 --- Economische groei. Kwantitatieve toename. Technische vooruitgang --zie ook {338.09}--Thailand --- economische ontwikkeling --- economisch beleid --- thailand --- Economisch beleid. --- Economische toestand. --- Geldbeleid, bankbeleid en kredietbeleid: algemeenheden. --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Working papers --- 330.35 <593> Economische groei. Kwantitatieve toename. Technische vooruitgang --zie ook {338.09}--Thailand --- 330.35 <593> --- Economische toestand --- Economisch beleid --- Geldbeleid, bankbeleid en kredietbeleid: algemeenheden --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Structural adjustment (Economic policy) - Thailand --- Thailand - Economic conditions --- Thailand - Economic policy --- Investments: General --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Production and Operations Management --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Fiscal Policy --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- International economics --- Public ownership --- nationalization --- Private investment --- Real wages --- Fiscal policy --- Labor markets --- Labor costs --- National accounts --- Wages --- Public enterprises --- Economic sectors --- Saving and investment --- Labor market --- Industrial productivity --- Debts, Public --- Income economics --- Nationalization

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This paper is a preliminary review of the design of and early experience with IMF-supported programs in Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand during 1997-98. The review takes into account developments as of October 1998, and was the basis for a discussion of the programs by the IMF's Executive Board in December 1998.

International finance --- International Monetary Fund --- Thailand --- Indonesia --- South Korea --- Economic assistance --- Economic policy --- Korea --- 338.22 --- 339.732 --- banken --- monetair beleid --- coree --- fmi --- indonesie --- politique economique --- thailande --- ID / Indonesia - Indonesie --- KR / South Korea - Zuid Korea - Corée du Sud --- TH / Thailand - Thailande --- 333.825 --- 331.01 --- 338.341.1 --- 333.432.8 --- 333.453 --- 333.481 --- 333.451.7 --- 333.420.0 --- 330.05 --- 332.152 --- Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek --- Internationale banken. Wereldbank. Ontwikkelingsbank. Investeringsbank. Comecom, samenwerkingsbank. Europees monetair fonds. Europees ontwikkelingsfonds. Europese investeringsbank. Europese monetaire --- korea --- imf --- economisch beleid --- thailand --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies. --- Evolutie van de economische cycli. --- Financiële hulp aan de Derde Wereld. --- Internationale monetaire organisatie. Internationaal Muntfonds. Algemene leningovereenkomsten. --- Internationale munt. Rekeneenheden. --- Monetaire crisissen, hervormingen, saneringen en stabilisering. --- Speculatie. Wisselrisico's. --- Theorieën in verband met de keuze van de geldstandaard. Currency substitution. Foreign currency deposits. --- Mezhdunarodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Международный валютный фонд --- Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Fundo Monetário Internacional --- Fondo Monetario Internacional --- IMF (International Monetary Fund) --- FMI (International Monetary Fund) --- Internationaler Währungsfonds --- Kokusai Tsūka Kikin --- Fonds monétaire international --- Kukche Tʻonghwa Kigŭm --- Kansainvälinen Valuuttarahasto --- Kuo chi huo pi chi chin --- Fondul Monetar International --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Dawlī --- Fondo M. Internacional --- IWF (International Monetary Fund) --- Kō̜ngthun Kānngœ̄n rawāng Prathēt --- MVF (International Monetary Fund) --- Międzynarodowy Fundusz Walutowy --- Mulya Aramudala --- I.M.F. (International Monetary Fund) --- Quỹ tiè̂n tệ quó̂c té̂ --- Nemzetközi Valuta Alap --- صندوق النقد الدولي --- 国际货币基金组织 --- 国際通貨基金 --- 國際貨幣基金組織 --- Fundu Monetariu Internacional --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Duwalī --- DNT (Organization) --- Economic policy. --- Working papers --- 339.732 Ida. Ibrd. Bird. Ifc. Imf. Speciale trekkingsrechten. Bank voor internationale betalingen. Internationaal monetair systeem --- 339.732 Internationale banken. Wereldbank. Ontwikkelingsbank. Investeringsbank. Comecom, samenwerkingsbank. Europees monetair fonds. Europees ontwikkelingsfonds. Europese investeringsbank. Europese monetaire --- Ida. Ibrd. Bird. Ifc. Imf. Speciale trekkingsrechten. Bank voor internationale betalingen. Internationaal monetair systeem --- 338.22 Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Evolutie van de economische cycli --- Theorieën in verband met de keuze van de geldstandaard. Currency substitution. Foreign currency deposits --- Internationale monetaire organisatie. Internationaal Muntfonds. Algemene leningovereenkomsten --- Speculatie. Wisselrisico's --- Internationale munt. Rekeneenheden --- Monetaire crisissen, hervormingen, saneringen en stabilisering --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Financiële hulp aan de Derde Wereld --- IMF --- International Monetary Fund - Economic assistance --- Indonesia - Economic policy --- Thailand - Economic policy --- Korea - Economic policy --- Banks and Banking --- Foreign Exchange --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Exports and Imports --- Fiscal Policy --- Financial Institutions and Services: General --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Monetary economics --- Finance --- International economics --- Exchange rates --- Fiscal stance --- Financial sector --- Depreciation --- Fiscal policy --- Economic sectors --- National accounts --- Currencies --- Money --- Financial services industry --- Saving and investment --- Korea, Republic of